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   1 /*
   2  * mm/pdflush.c - worker threads for writing back filesystem data
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2002, Linus Torvalds.
   5  *
   6  * 09Apr2002    Andrew Morton
   7  *              Initial version
   8  * 29Feb2004    kaos@sgi.com
   9  *              Move worker thread creation to kthread to avoid chewing
  10  *              up stack space with nested calls to kernel_thread.
  11  */
  12
  13 #include <linux/sched.h>
  14 #include <linux/list.h>
  15 #include <linux/signal.h>
  16 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
  17 #include <linux/gfp.h>
  18 #include <linux/init.h>
  19 #include <linux/module.h>
  20 #include <linux/fs.h>           /* Needed by writeback.h          */
  21 #include <linux/writeback.h>    /* Prototypes pdflush_operation() */
  22 #include <linux/kthread.h>
  23 #include <linux/cpuset.h>
  24 #include <linux/freezer.h>
  25
  26
  27 /*
  28  * Minimum and maximum number of pdflush instances
  29  */
  30 #define MIN_PDFLUSH_THREADS     2
  31 #define MAX_PDFLUSH_THREADS     8
  32
  33 static void start_one_pdflush_thread(void);
  34
  35
  36 /*
  37  * The pdflush threads are worker threads for writing back dirty data.
  38  * Ideally, we'd like one thread per active disk spindle.  But the disk
  39  * topology is very hard to divine at this level.   Instead, we take
  40  * care in various places to prevent more than one pdflush thread from
  41  * performing writeback against a single filesystem.  pdflush threads
  42  * have the PF_FLUSHER flag set in current->flags to aid in this.
  43  */
  44
  45 /*
  46  * All the pdflush threads.  Protected by pdflush_lock
  47  */
  48 static LIST_HEAD(pdflush_list);
  49 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(pdflush_lock);
  50
  51 /*
  52  * The count of currently-running pdflush threads.  Protected
  53  * by pdflush_lock.
  54  *
  55  * Readable by sysctl, but not writable.  Published to userspace at
  56  * /proc/sys/vm/nr_pdflush_threads.
  57  */
  58 int nr_pdflush_threads = 0;
  59
  60 /*
  61  * The max/min number of pdflush threads. R/W by sysctl at
  62  * /proc/sys/vm/nr_pdflush_threads_max/min
  63  */
  64 int nr_pdflush_threads_max __read_mostly = MAX_PDFLUSH_THREADS;
  65 int nr_pdflush_threads_min __read_mostly = MIN_PDFLUSH_THREADS;
  66
  67
  68 /*
  69  * The time at which the pdflush thread pool last went empty
  70  */
  71 static unsigned long last_empty_jifs;
  72
  73 /*
  74  * The pdflush thread.
  75  *
  76  * Thread pool management algorithm:
  77  *
  78  * - The minimum and maximum number of pdflush instances are bound
  79  *   by nr_pdflush_threads_min and nr_pdflush_threads_max.
  80  *
  81  * - If there have been no idle pdflush instances for 1 second, create
  82  *   a new one.
  83  *
  84  * - If the least-recently-went-to-sleep pdflush thread has been asleep
  85  *   for more than one second, terminate a thread.
  86  */
  87
  88 /*
  89  * A structure for passing work to a pdflush thread.  Also for passing
  90  * state information between pdflush threads.  Protected by pdflush_lock.
  91  */
  92 struct pdflush_work {
  93         struct task_struct *who;        /* The thread */
  94         void (*fn)(unsigned long);      /* A callback function */
  95         unsigned long arg0;             /* An argument to the callback */
  96         struct list_head list;          /* On pdflush_list, when idle */
  97         unsigned long when_i_went_to_sleep;
  98 };
  99
 100 static int __pdflush(struct pdflush_work *my_work)
 101 {
 102         current->flags |= PF_FLUSHER | PF_SWAPWRITE;
 103         set_freezable();
 104         my_work->fn = NULL;
 105         my_work->who = current;
 106         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&my_work->list);
 107
 108         spin_lock_irq(&pdflush_lock);
 109         for ( ; ; ) {
 110                 struct pdflush_work *pdf;
 111
 112                 set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
 113                 list_move(&my_work->list, &pdflush_list);
 114                 my_work->when_i_went_to_sleep = jiffies;
 115                 spin_unlock_irq(&pdflush_lock);
 116                 schedule();
 117                 try_to_freeze();
 118                 spin_lock_irq(&pdflush_lock);
 119                 if (!list_empty(&my_work->list)) {
 120                         /*
 121                          * Someone woke us up, but without removing our control
 122                          * structure from the global list.  swsusp will do this
 123                          * in try_to_freeze()->refrigerator().  Handle it.
 124                          */
 125                         my_work->fn = NULL;
 126                         continue;
 127                 }
 128                 if (my_work->fn == NULL) {
 129                         printk("pdflush: bogus wakeup\n");
 130                         continue;
 131                 }
 132                 spin_unlock_irq(&pdflush_lock);
 133
 134                 (*my_work->fn)(my_work->arg0);
 135
 136                 spin_lock_irq(&pdflush_lock);
 137
 138                 /*
 139                  * Thread creation: For how long have there been zero
 140                  * available threads?
 141                  *
 142                  * To throttle creation, we reset last_empty_jifs.
 143                  */
 144                 if (time_after(jiffies, last_empty_jifs + 1 * HZ)) {
 145                         if (list_empty(&pdflush_list) &&
 146                             nr_pdflush_threads < nr_pdflush_threads_max) {
 147                                 last_empty_jifs = jiffies;
 148                                 nr_pdflush_threads++;
 149                                 spin_unlock_irq(&pdflush_lock);
 150                                 start_one_pdflush_thread();
 151                                 spin_lock_irq(&pdflush_lock);
 152                         }
 153                 }
 154
 155                 my_work->fn = NULL;
 156
 157                 /*
 158                  * Thread destruction: For how long has the sleepiest
 159                  * thread slept?
 160                  */
 161                 if (list_empty(&pdflush_list))
 162                         continue;
 163                 if (nr_pdflush_threads <= nr_pdflush_threads_min)
 164                         continue;
 165                 pdf = list_entry(pdflush_list.prev, struct pdflush_work, list);
 166                 if (time_after(jiffies, pdf->when_i_went_to_sleep + 1 * HZ)) {
 167                         /* Limit exit rate */
 168                         pdf->when_i_went_to_sleep = jiffies;
 169                         break;                                  /* exeunt */
 170                 }
 171         }
 172         nr_pdflush_threads--;
 173         spin_unlock_irq(&pdflush_lock);
 174         return 0;
 175 }
 176
 177 /*
 178  * Of course, my_work wants to be just a local in __pdflush().  It is
 179  * separated out in this manner to hopefully prevent the compiler from
 180  * performing unfortunate optimisations against the auto variables.  Because
 181  * these are visible to other tasks and CPUs.  (No problem has actually
 182  * been observed.  This is just paranoia).
 183  */
 184 static int pdflush(void *dummy)
 185 {
 186         struct pdflush_work my_work;
 187         cpumask_var_t cpus_allowed;
 188
 189         /*
 190          * Since the caller doesn't even check kthread_run() worked, let's not
 191          * freak out too much if this fails.
 192          */
 193         if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&cpus_allowed, GFP_KERNEL)) {
 194                 printk(KERN_WARNING "pdflush failed to allocate cpumask\n");
 195                 return 0;
 196         }
 197
 198         /*
 199          * pdflush can spend a lot of time doing encryption via dm-crypt.  We
 200          * don't want to do that at keventd's priority.
 201          */
 202         set_user_nice(current, 0);
 203
 204         /*
 205          * Some configs put our parent kthread in a limited cpuset,
 206          * which kthread() overrides, forcing cpus_allowed == cpu_all_mask.
 207          * Our needs are more modest - cut back to our cpusets cpus_allowed.
 208          * This is needed as pdflush's are dynamically created and destroyed.
 209          * The boottime pdflush's are easily placed w/o these 2 lines.
 210          */
 211         cpuset_cpus_allowed(current, cpus_allowed);
 212         set_cpus_allowed_ptr(current, cpus_allowed);
 213         free_cpumask_var(cpus_allowed);
 214
 215         return __pdflush(&my_work);
 216 }
 217
 218 /*
 219  * Attempt to wake up a pdflush thread, and get it to do some work for you.
 220  * Returns zero if it indeed managed to find a worker thread, and passed your
 221  * payload to it.
 222  */
 223 int pdflush_operation(void (*fn)(unsigned long), unsigned long arg0)
 224 {
 225         unsigned long flags;
 226         int ret = 0;
 227
 228         BUG_ON(fn == NULL);     /* Hard to diagnose if it's deferred */
 229
 230         spin_lock_irqsave(&pdflush_lock, flags);
 231         if (list_empty(&pdflush_list)) {
 232                 ret = -1;
 233         } else {
 234                 struct pdflush_work *pdf;
 235
 236                 pdf = list_entry(pdflush_list.next, struct pdflush_work, list);
 237                 list_del_init(&pdf->list);
 238                 if (list_empty(&pdflush_list))
 239                         last_empty_jifs = jiffies;
 240                 pdf->fn = fn;
 241                 pdf->arg0 = arg0;
 242                 wake_up_process(pdf->who);
 243         }
 244         spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pdflush_lock, flags);
 245
 246         return ret;
 247 }
 248
 249 static void start_one_pdflush_thread(void)
 250 {
 251         struct task_struct *k;
 252
 253         k = kthread_run(pdflush, NULL, "pdflush");
 254         if (unlikely(IS_ERR(k))) {
 255                 spin_lock_irq(&pdflush_lock);
 256                 nr_pdflush_threads--;
 257                 spin_unlock_irq(&pdflush_lock);
 258         }
 259 }
 260
 261 static int __init pdflush_init(void)
 262 {
 263         int i;
 264
 265         /*
 266          * Pre-set nr_pdflush_threads...  If we fail to create,
 267          * the count will be decremented.
 268          */
 269         nr_pdflush_threads = nr_pdflush_threads_min;
 270
 271         for (i = 0; i < nr_pdflush_threads_min; i++)
 272                 start_one_pdflush_thread();
 273         return 0;
 274 }
 275
 276 module_init(pdflush_init);