[safe/jmp/linux-2.6] / kernel / stop_machine.c

/*
 * kernel/stop_machine.c
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2008, 2005     IBM Corporation.
 * Copyright (C) 2008, 2005     Rusty Russell rusty@rustcorp.com.au
 * Copyright (C) 2010           SUSE Linux Products GmbH
 * Copyright (C) 2010           Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
 *
 * This file is released under the GPLv2 and any later version.
 */
#include <linux/completion.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/stop_machine.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>

#include <asm/atomic.h>

/*
 * Structure to determine completion condition and record errors.  May
 * be shared by works on different cpus.
 */
struct cpu_stop_done {
        atomic_t                nr_todo;        /* nr left to execute */
        bool                    executed;       /* actually executed? */
        int                     ret;            /* collected return value */
        struct completion       completion;     /* fired if nr_todo reaches 0 */
};

/* the actual stopper, one per every possible cpu, enabled on online cpus */
struct cpu_stopper {
        spinlock_t              lock;
        struct list_head        works;          /* list of pending works */
        struct task_struct      *thread;        /* stopper thread */
        bool                    enabled;        /* is this stopper enabled? */
};

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct cpu_stopper, cpu_stopper);

static void cpu_stop_init_done(struct cpu_stop_done *done, unsigned int nr_todo)
{
        memset(done, 0, sizeof(*done));
        atomic_set(&done->nr_todo, nr_todo);
        init_completion(&done->completion);
}

/* signal completion unless @done is NULL */
static void cpu_stop_signal_done(struct cpu_stop_done *done, bool executed)
{
        if (done) {
                if (executed)
                        done->executed = true;
                if (atomic_dec_and_test(&done->nr_todo))
                        complete(&done->completion);
        }
}

/* queue @work to @stopper.  if offline, @work is completed immediately */
static void cpu_stop_queue_work(struct cpu_stopper *stopper,
                                struct cpu_stop_work *work)
{
        unsigned long flags;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&stopper->lock, flags);

        if (stopper->enabled) {
                list_add_tail(&work->list, &stopper->works);
                wake_up_process(stopper->thread);
        } else
                cpu_stop_signal_done(work->done, false);

        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&stopper->lock, flags);
}

/**
 * stop_one_cpu - stop a cpu
 * @cpu: cpu to stop
 * @fn: function to execute
 * @arg: argument to @fn
 *
 * Execute @fn(@arg) on @cpu.  @fn is run in a process context with
 * the highest priority preempting any task on the cpu and
 * monopolizing it.  This function returns after the execution is
 * complete.
 *
 * This function doesn't guarantee @cpu stays online till @fn
 * completes.  If @cpu goes down in the middle, execution may happen
 * partially or fully on different cpus.  @fn should either be ready
 * for that or the caller should ensure that @cpu stays online until
 * this function completes.
 *
 * CONTEXT:
 * Might sleep.
 *
 * RETURNS:
 * -ENOENT if @fn(@arg) was not executed because @cpu was offline;
 * otherwise, the return value of @fn.
 */
int stop_one_cpu(unsigned int cpu, cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg)
{
        struct cpu_stop_done done;
        struct cpu_stop_work work = { .fn = fn, .arg = arg, .done = &done };

        cpu_stop_init_done(&done, 1);
        cpu_stop_queue_work(&per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu), &work);
        wait_for_completion(&done.completion);
        return done.executed ? done.ret : -ENOENT;
}

/**
 * stop_one_cpu_nowait - stop a cpu but don't wait for completion
 * @cpu: cpu to stop
 * @fn: function to execute
 * @arg: argument to @fn
 *
 * Similar to stop_one_cpu() but doesn't wait for completion.  The
 * caller is responsible for ensuring @work_buf is currently unused
 * and will remain untouched until stopper starts executing @fn.
 *
 * CONTEXT:
 * Don't care.
 */
void stop_one_cpu_nowait(unsigned int cpu, cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg,
                        struct cpu_stop_work *work_buf)
{
        *work_buf = (struct cpu_stop_work){ .fn = fn, .arg = arg, };
        cpu_stop_queue_work(&per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu), work_buf);
}

/* static data for stop_cpus */
static DEFINE_MUTEX(stop_cpus_mutex);
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct cpu_stop_work, stop_cpus_work);

int __stop_cpus(const struct cpumask *cpumask, cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg)
{
        struct cpu_stop_work *work;
        struct cpu_stop_done done;
        unsigned int cpu;

        /* initialize works and done */
        for_each_cpu(cpu, cpumask) {
                work = &per_cpu(stop_cpus_work, cpu);
                work->fn = fn;
                work->arg = arg;
                work->done = &done;
        }
        cpu_stop_init_done(&done, cpumask_weight(cpumask));

        /*
         * Disable preemption while queueing to avoid getting
         * preempted by a stopper which might wait for other stoppers
         * to enter @fn which can lead to deadlock.
         */
        preempt_disable();
        for_each_cpu(cpu, cpumask)
                cpu_stop_queue_work(&per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu),
                                    &per_cpu(stop_cpus_work, cpu));
        preempt_enable();

        wait_for_completion(&done.completion);
        return done.executed ? done.ret : -ENOENT;
}

/**
 * stop_cpus - stop multiple cpus
 * @cpumask: cpus to stop
 * @fn: function to execute
 * @arg: argument to @fn
 *
 * Execute @fn(@arg) on online cpus in @cpumask.  On each target cpu,
 * @fn is run in a process context with the highest priority
 * preempting any task on the cpu and monopolizing it.  This function
 * returns after all executions are complete.
 *
 * This function doesn't guarantee the cpus in @cpumask stay online
 * till @fn completes.  If some cpus go down in the middle, execution
 * on the cpu may happen partially or fully on different cpus.  @fn
 * should either be ready for that or the caller should ensure that
 * the cpus stay online until this function completes.
 *
 * All stop_cpus() calls are serialized making it safe for @fn to wait
 * for all cpus to start executing it.
 *
 * CONTEXT:
 * Might sleep.
 *
 * RETURNS:
 * -ENOENT if @fn(@arg) was not executed at all because all cpus in
 * @cpumask were offline; otherwise, 0 if all executions of @fn
 * returned 0, any non zero return value if any returned non zero.
 */
int stop_cpus(const struct cpumask *cpumask, cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg)
{
        int ret;

        /* static works are used, process one request at a time */
        mutex_lock(&stop_cpus_mutex);
        ret = __stop_cpus(cpumask, fn, arg);
        mutex_unlock(&stop_cpus_mutex);
        return ret;
}

/**
 * try_stop_cpus - try to stop multiple cpus
 * @cpumask: cpus to stop
 * @fn: function to execute
 * @arg: argument to @fn
 *
 * Identical to stop_cpus() except that it fails with -EAGAIN if
 * someone else is already using the facility.
 *
 * CONTEXT:
 * Might sleep.
 *
 * RETURNS:
 * -EAGAIN if someone else is already stopping cpus, -ENOENT if
 * @fn(@arg) was not executed at all because all cpus in @cpumask were
 * offline; otherwise, 0 if all executions of @fn returned 0, any non
 * zero return value if any returned non zero.
 */
int try_stop_cpus(const struct cpumask *cpumask, cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg)
{
        int ret;

        /* static works are used, process one request at a time */
        if (!mutex_trylock(&stop_cpus_mutex))
                return -EAGAIN;
        ret = __stop_cpus(cpumask, fn, arg);
        mutex_unlock(&stop_cpus_mutex);
        return ret;
}

static int cpu_stopper_thread(void *data)
{
        struct cpu_stopper *stopper = data;
        struct cpu_stop_work *work;
        int ret;

repeat:
        set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);  /* mb paired w/ kthread_stop */

        if (kthread_should_stop()) {
                __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
                return 0;
        }

        work = NULL;
        spin_lock_irq(&stopper->lock);
        if (!list_empty(&stopper->works)) {
                work = list_first_entry(&stopper->works,
                                        struct cpu_stop_work, list);
                list_del_init(&work->list);
        }
        spin_unlock_irq(&stopper->lock);

        if (work) {
                cpu_stop_fn_t fn = work->fn;
                void *arg = work->arg;
                struct cpu_stop_done *done = work->done;
                char ksym_buf[KSYM_NAME_LEN];

                __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);

                /* cpu stop callbacks are not allowed to sleep */
                preempt_disable();

                ret = fn(arg);
                if (ret)
                        done->ret = ret;

                /* restore preemption and check it's still balanced */
                preempt_enable();
                WARN_ONCE(preempt_count(),
                          "cpu_stop: %s(%p) leaked preempt count\n",
                          kallsyms_lookup((unsigned long)fn, NULL, NULL, NULL,
                                          ksym_buf), arg);

                cpu_stop_signal_done(done, true);
        } else
                schedule();

        goto repeat;
}

/* manage stopper for a cpu, mostly lifted from sched migration thread mgmt */
static int __cpuinit cpu_stop_cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb,
                                           unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
{
        struct sched_param param = { .sched_priority = MAX_RT_PRIO - 1 };
        unsigned int cpu = (unsigned long)hcpu;
        struct cpu_stopper *stopper = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu);
        struct cpu_stop_work *work;
        struct task_struct *p;

        switch (action & ~CPU_TASKS_FROZEN) {
        case CPU_UP_PREPARE:
                BUG_ON(stopper->thread || stopper->enabled ||
                       !list_empty(&stopper->works));
                p = kthread_create(cpu_stopper_thread, stopper, "stopper/%d",
                                   cpu);
                if (IS_ERR(p))
                        return NOTIFY_BAD;
                sched_setscheduler_nocheck(p, SCHED_FIFO, &param);
                get_task_struct(p);
                stopper->thread = p;
                break;

        case CPU_ONLINE:
                kthread_bind(stopper->thread, cpu);
                /* strictly unnecessary, as first user will wake it */
                wake_up_process(stopper->thread);
                /* mark enabled */
                spin_lock_irq(&stopper->lock);
                stopper->enabled = true;
                spin_unlock_irq(&stopper->lock);
                break;

#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
        case CPU_UP_CANCELED:
        case CPU_DEAD:
                /* kill the stopper */
                kthread_stop(stopper->thread);
                /* drain remaining works */
                spin_lock_irq(&stopper->lock);
                list_for_each_entry(work, &stopper->works, list)
                        cpu_stop_signal_done(work->done, false);
                stopper->enabled = false;
                spin_unlock_irq(&stopper->lock);
                /* release the stopper */
                put_task_struct(stopper->thread);
                stopper->thread = NULL;
                break;
#endif
        }

        return NOTIFY_OK;
}

/*
 * Give it a higher priority so that cpu stopper is available to other
 * cpu notifiers.  It currently shares the same priority as sched
 * migration_notifier.
 */
static struct notifier_block __cpuinitdata cpu_stop_cpu_notifier = {
        .notifier_call  = cpu_stop_cpu_callback,
        .priority       = 10,
};

static int __init cpu_stop_init(void)
{
        void *bcpu = (void *)(long)smp_processor_id();
        unsigned int cpu;
        int err;

        for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
                struct cpu_stopper *stopper = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu);

                spin_lock_init(&stopper->lock);
                INIT_LIST_HEAD(&stopper->works);
        }

        /* start one for the boot cpu */
        err = cpu_stop_cpu_callback(&cpu_stop_cpu_notifier, CPU_UP_PREPARE,
                                    bcpu);
        BUG_ON(err == NOTIFY_BAD);
        cpu_stop_cpu_callback(&cpu_stop_cpu_notifier, CPU_ONLINE, bcpu);
        register_cpu_notifier(&cpu_stop_cpu_notifier);

        return 0;
}
early_initcall(cpu_stop_init);

/* This controls the threads on each CPU. */
enum stopmachine_state {
        /* Dummy starting state for thread. */
        STOPMACHINE_NONE,
        /* Awaiting everyone to be scheduled. */
        STOPMACHINE_PREPARE,
        /* Disable interrupts. */
        STOPMACHINE_DISABLE_IRQ,
        /* Run the function */
        STOPMACHINE_RUN,
        /* Exit */
        STOPMACHINE_EXIT,
};
static enum stopmachine_state state;

struct stop_machine_data {
        int (*fn)(void *);
        void *data;
        int fnret;
};

/* Like num_online_cpus(), but hotplug cpu uses us, so we need this. */
static unsigned int num_threads;
static atomic_t thread_ack;
static DEFINE_MUTEX(lock);
/* setup_lock protects refcount, stop_machine_wq and stop_machine_work. */
static DEFINE_MUTEX(setup_lock);
/* Users of stop_machine. */
static int refcount;
static struct workqueue_struct *stop_machine_wq;
static struct stop_machine_data active, idle;
static const struct cpumask *active_cpus;
static void __percpu *stop_machine_work;

static void set_state(enum stopmachine_state newstate)
{
        /* Reset ack counter. */
        atomic_set(&thread_ack, num_threads);
        smp_wmb();
        state = newstate;
}

/* Last one to ack a state moves to the next state. */
static void ack_state(void)
{
        if (atomic_dec_and_test(&thread_ack))
                set_state(state + 1);
}

/* This is the actual function which stops the CPU. It runs
 * in the context of a dedicated stopmachine workqueue. */
static void stop_cpu(struct work_struct *unused)
{
        enum stopmachine_state curstate = STOPMACHINE_NONE;
        struct stop_machine_data *smdata = &idle;
        int cpu = smp_processor_id();
        int err;

        if (!active_cpus) {
                if (cpu == cpumask_first(cpu_online_mask))
                        smdata = &active;
        } else {
                if (cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, active_cpus))
                        smdata = &active;
        }
        /* Simple state machine */
        do {
                /* Chill out and ensure we re-read stopmachine_state. */
                cpu_relax();
                if (state != curstate) {
                        curstate = state;
                        switch (curstate) {
                        case STOPMACHINE_DISABLE_IRQ:
                                local_irq_disable();
                                hard_irq_disable();
                                break;
                        case STOPMACHINE_RUN:
                                /* On multiple CPUs only a single error code
                                 * is needed to tell that something failed. */
                                err = smdata->fn(smdata->data);
                                if (err)
                                        smdata->fnret = err;
                                break;
                        default:
                                break;
                        }
                        ack_state();
                }
        } while (curstate != STOPMACHINE_EXIT);

        local_irq_enable();
}

/* Callback for CPUs which aren't supposed to do anything. */
static int chill(void *unused)
{
        return 0;
}

int stop_machine_create(void)
{
        mutex_lock(&setup_lock);
        if (refcount)
                goto done;
        stop_machine_wq = create_rt_workqueue("kstop");
        if (!stop_machine_wq)
                goto err_out;
        stop_machine_work = alloc_percpu(struct work_struct);
        if (!stop_machine_work)
                goto err_out;
done:
        refcount++;
        mutex_unlock(&setup_lock);
        return 0;

err_out:
        if (stop_machine_wq)
                destroy_workqueue(stop_machine_wq);
        mutex_unlock(&setup_lock);
        return -ENOMEM;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(stop_machine_create);

void stop_machine_destroy(void)
{
        mutex_lock(&setup_lock);
        refcount--;
        if (refcount)
                goto done;
        destroy_workqueue(stop_machine_wq);
        free_percpu(stop_machine_work);
done:
        mutex_unlock(&setup_lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(stop_machine_destroy);

int __stop_machine(int (*fn)(void *), void *data, const struct cpumask *cpus)
{
        struct work_struct *sm_work;
        int i, ret;

        /* Set up initial state. */
        mutex_lock(&lock);
        num_threads = num_online_cpus();
        active_cpus = cpus;
        active.fn = fn;
        active.data = data;
        active.fnret = 0;
        idle.fn = chill;
        idle.data = NULL;

        set_state(STOPMACHINE_PREPARE);

        /* Schedule the stop_cpu work on all cpus: hold this CPU so one
         * doesn't hit this CPU until we're ready. */
        get_cpu();
        for_each_online_cpu(i) {
                sm_work = per_cpu_ptr(stop_machine_work, i);
                INIT_WORK(sm_work, stop_cpu);
                queue_work_on(i, stop_machine_wq, sm_work);
        }
        /* This will release the thread on our CPU. */
        put_cpu();
        flush_workqueue(stop_machine_wq);
        ret = active.fnret;
        mutex_unlock(&lock);
        return ret;
}

int stop_machine(int (*fn)(void *), void *data, const struct cpumask *cpus)
{
        int ret;

        ret = stop_machine_create();
        if (ret)
                return ret;
        /* No CPUs can come up or down during this. */
        get_online_cpus();
        ret = __stop_machine(fn, data, cpus);
        put_online_cpus();
        stop_machine_destroy();
        return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(stop_machine);