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   1 /*
   2  * linux/fs/jbd/recovery.c
   3  *
   4  * Written by Stephen C. Tweedie <sct@redhat.com>, 1999
   5  *
   6  * Copyright 1999-2000 Red Hat Software --- All Rights Reserved
   7  *
   8  * This file is part of the Linux kernel and is made available under
   9  * the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2, or at your
  10  * option, any later version, incorporated herein by reference.
  11  *
  12  * Journal recovery routines for the generic filesystem journaling code;
  13  * part of the ext2fs journaling system.
  14  */
  15
  16 #ifndef __KERNEL__
  17 #include "jfs_user.h"
  18 #else
  19 #include <linux/time.h>
  20 #include <linux/fs.h>
  21 #include <linux/jbd.h>
  22 #include <linux/errno.h>
  23 #endif
  24
  25 /*
  26  * Maintain information about the progress of the recovery job, so that
  27  * the different passes can carry information between them.
  28  */
  29 struct recovery_info
  30 {
  31         tid_t           start_transaction;
  32         tid_t           end_transaction;
  33
  34         int             nr_replays;
  35         int             nr_revokes;
  36         int             nr_revoke_hits;
  37 };
  38
  39 enum passtype {PASS_SCAN, PASS_REVOKE, PASS_REPLAY};
  40 static int do_one_pass(journal_t *journal,
  41                                 struct recovery_info *info, enum passtype pass);
  42 static int scan_revoke_records(journal_t *, struct buffer_head *,
  43                                 tid_t, struct recovery_info *);
  44
  45 #ifdef __KERNEL__
  46
  47 /* Release readahead buffers after use */
  48 static void journal_brelse_array(struct buffer_head *b[], int n)
  49 {
  50         while (--n >= 0)
  51                 brelse (b[n]);
  52 }
  53
  54
  55 /*
  56  * When reading from the journal, we are going through the block device
  57  * layer directly and so there is no readahead being done for us.  We
  58  * need to implement any readahead ourselves if we want it to happen at
  59  * all.  Recovery is basically one long sequential read, so make sure we
  60  * do the IO in reasonably large chunks.
  61  *
  62  * This is not so critical that we need to be enormously clever about
  63  * the readahead size, though.  128K is a purely arbitrary, good-enough
  64  * fixed value.
  65  */
  66
  67 #define MAXBUF 8
  68 static int do_readahead(journal_t *journal, unsigned int start)
  69 {
  70         int err;
  71         unsigned int max, nbufs, next;
  72         unsigned int blocknr;
  73         struct buffer_head *bh;
  74
  75         struct buffer_head * bufs[MAXBUF];
  76
  77         /* Do up to 128K of readahead */
  78         max = start + (128 * 1024 / journal->j_blocksize);
  79         if (max > journal->j_maxlen)
  80                 max = journal->j_maxlen;
  81
  82         /* Do the readahead itself.  We'll submit MAXBUF buffer_heads at
  83          * a time to the block device IO layer. */
  84
  85         nbufs = 0;
  86
  87         for (next = start; next < max; next++) {
  88                 err = journal_bmap(journal, next, &blocknr);
  89
  90                 if (err) {
  91                         printk (KERN_ERR "JBD: bad block at offset %u\n",
  92                                 next);
  93                         goto failed;
  94                 }
  95
  96                 bh = __getblk(journal->j_dev, blocknr, journal->j_blocksize);
  97                 if (!bh) {
  98                         err = -ENOMEM;
  99                         goto failed;
 100                 }
 101
 102                 if (!buffer_uptodate(bh) && !buffer_locked(bh)) {
 103                         bufs[nbufs++] = bh;
 104                         if (nbufs == MAXBUF) {
 105                                 ll_rw_block(READ, nbufs, bufs);
 106                                 journal_brelse_array(bufs, nbufs);
 107                                 nbufs = 0;
 108                         }
 109                 } else
 110                         brelse(bh);
 111         }
 112
 113         if (nbufs)
 114                 ll_rw_block(READ, nbufs, bufs);
 115         err = 0;
 116
 117 failed:
 118         if (nbufs)
 119                 journal_brelse_array(bufs, nbufs);
 120         return err;
 121 }
 122
 123 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
 124
 125
 126 /*
 127  * Read a block from the journal
 128  */
 129
 130 static int jread(struct buffer_head **bhp, journal_t *journal,
 131                  unsigned int offset)
 132 {
 133         int err;
 134         unsigned int blocknr;
 135         struct buffer_head *bh;
 136
 137         *bhp = NULL;
 138
 139         if (offset >= journal->j_maxlen) {
 140                 printk(KERN_ERR "JBD: corrupted journal superblock\n");
 141                 return -EIO;
 142         }
 143
 144         err = journal_bmap(journal, offset, &blocknr);
 145
 146         if (err) {
 147                 printk (KERN_ERR "JBD: bad block at offset %u\n",
 148                         offset);
 149                 return err;
 150         }
 151
 152         bh = __getblk(journal->j_dev, blocknr, journal->j_blocksize);
 153         if (!bh)
 154                 return -ENOMEM;
 155
 156         if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
 157                 /* If this is a brand new buffer, start readahead.
 158                    Otherwise, we assume we are already reading it.  */
 159                 if (!buffer_req(bh))
 160                         do_readahead(journal, offset);
 161                 wait_on_buffer(bh);
 162         }
 163
 164         if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
 165                 printk (KERN_ERR "JBD: Failed to read block at offset %u\n",
 166                         offset);
 167                 brelse(bh);
 168                 return -EIO;
 169         }
 170
 171         *bhp = bh;
 172         return 0;
 173 }
 174
 175
 176 /*
 177  * Count the number of in-use tags in a journal descriptor block.
 178  */
 179
 180 static int count_tags(struct buffer_head *bh, int size)
 181 {
 182         char *                  tagp;
 183         journal_block_tag_t *   tag;
 184         int                     nr = 0;
 185
 186         tagp = &bh->b_data[sizeof(journal_header_t)];
 187
 188         while ((tagp - bh->b_data + sizeof(journal_block_tag_t)) <= size) {
 189                 tag = (journal_block_tag_t *) tagp;
 190
 191                 nr++;
 192                 tagp += sizeof(journal_block_tag_t);
 193                 if (!(tag->t_flags & cpu_to_be32(JFS_FLAG_SAME_UUID)))
 194                         tagp += 16;
 195
 196                 if (tag->t_flags & cpu_to_be32(JFS_FLAG_LAST_TAG))
 197                         break;
 198         }
 199
 200         return nr;
 201 }
 202
 203
 204 /* Make sure we wrap around the log correctly! */
 205 #define wrap(journal, var)                                              \
 206 do {                                                                    \
 207         if (var >= (journal)->j_last)                                   \
 208                 var -= ((journal)->j_last - (journal)->j_first);        \
 209 } while (0)
 210
 211 /**
 212  * journal_recover - recovers a on-disk journal
 213  * @journal: the journal to recover
 214  *
 215  * The primary function for recovering the log contents when mounting a
 216  * journaled device.
 217  *
 218  * Recovery is done in three passes.  In the first pass, we look for the
 219  * end of the log.  In the second, we assemble the list of revoke
 220  * blocks.  In the third and final pass, we replay any un-revoked blocks
 221  * in the log.
 222  */
 223 int journal_recover(journal_t *journal)
 224 {
 225         int                     err, err2;
 226         journal_superblock_t *  sb;
 227
 228         struct recovery_info    info;
 229
 230         memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
 231         sb = journal->j_superblock;
 232
 233         /*
 234          * The journal superblock's s_start field (the current log head)
 235          * is always zero if, and only if, the journal was cleanly
 236          * unmounted.
 237          */
 238
 239         if (!sb->s_start) {
 240                 jbd_debug(1, "No recovery required, last transaction %d\n",
 241                           be32_to_cpu(sb->s_sequence));
 242                 journal->j_transaction_sequence = be32_to_cpu(sb->s_sequence) + 1;
 243                 return 0;
 244         }
 245
 246         err = do_one_pass(journal, &info, PASS_SCAN);
 247         if (!err)
 248                 err = do_one_pass(journal, &info, PASS_REVOKE);
 249         if (!err)
 250                 err = do_one_pass(journal, &info, PASS_REPLAY);
 251
 252         jbd_debug(1, "JBD: recovery, exit status %d, "
 253                   "recovered transactions %u to %u\n",
 254                   err, info.start_transaction, info.end_transaction);
 255         jbd_debug(1, "JBD: Replayed %d and revoked %d/%d blocks\n",
 256                   info.nr_replays, info.nr_revoke_hits, info.nr_revokes);
 257
 258         /* Restart the log at the next transaction ID, thus invalidating
 259          * any existing commit records in the log. */
 260         journal->j_transaction_sequence = ++info.end_transaction;
 261
 262         journal_clear_revoke(journal);
 263         err2 = sync_blockdev(journal->j_fs_dev);
 264         if (!err)
 265                 err = err2;
 266
 267         return err;
 268 }
 269
 270 /**
 271  * journal_skip_recovery - Start journal and wipe exiting records
 272  * @journal: journal to startup
 273  *
 274  * Locate any valid recovery information from the journal and set up the
 275  * journal structures in memory to ignore it (presumably because the
 276  * caller has evidence that it is out of date).
 277  * This function does'nt appear to be exorted..
 278  *
 279  * We perform one pass over the journal to allow us to tell the user how
 280  * much recovery information is being erased, and to let us initialise
 281  * the journal transaction sequence numbers to the next unused ID.
 282  */
 283 int journal_skip_recovery(journal_t *journal)
 284 {
 285         int                     err;
 286         journal_superblock_t *  sb;
 287
 288         struct recovery_info    info;
 289
 290         memset (&info, 0, sizeof(info));
 291         sb = journal->j_superblock;
 292
 293         err = do_one_pass(journal, &info, PASS_SCAN);
 294
 295         if (err) {
 296                 printk(KERN_ERR "JBD: error %d scanning journal\n", err);
 297                 ++journal->j_transaction_sequence;
 298         } else {
 299 #ifdef CONFIG_JBD_DEBUG
 300                 int dropped = info.end_transaction - be32_to_cpu(sb->s_sequence);
 301 #endif
 302                 jbd_debug(1,
 303                           "JBD: ignoring %d transaction%s from the journal.\n",
 304                           dropped, (dropped == 1) ? "" : "s");
 305                 journal->j_transaction_sequence = ++info.end_transaction;
 306         }
 307
 308         journal->j_tail = 0;
 309         return err;
 310 }
 311
 312 static int do_one_pass(journal_t *journal,
 313                         struct recovery_info *info, enum passtype pass)
 314 {
 315         unsigned int            first_commit_ID, next_commit_ID;
 316         unsigned int            next_log_block;
 317         int                     err, success = 0;
 318         journal_superblock_t *  sb;
 319         journal_header_t *      tmp;
 320         struct buffer_head *    bh;
 321         unsigned int            sequence;
 322         int                     blocktype;
 323
 324         /* Precompute the maximum metadata descriptors in a descriptor block */
 325         int                     MAX_BLOCKS_PER_DESC;
 326         MAX_BLOCKS_PER_DESC = ((journal->j_blocksize-sizeof(journal_header_t))
 327                                / sizeof(journal_block_tag_t));
 328
 329         /*
 330          * First thing is to establish what we expect to find in the log
 331          * (in terms of transaction IDs), and where (in terms of log
 332          * block offsets): query the superblock.
 333          */
 334
 335         sb = journal->j_superblock;
 336         next_commit_ID = be32_to_cpu(sb->s_sequence);
 337         next_log_block = be32_to_cpu(sb->s_start);
 338
 339         first_commit_ID = next_commit_ID;
 340         if (pass == PASS_SCAN)
 341                 info->start_transaction = first_commit_ID;
 342
 343         jbd_debug(1, "Starting recovery pass %d\n", pass);
 344
 345         /*
 346          * Now we walk through the log, transaction by transaction,
 347          * making sure that each transaction has a commit block in the
 348          * expected place.  Each complete transaction gets replayed back
 349          * into the main filesystem.
 350          */
 351
 352         while (1) {
 353                 int                     flags;
 354                 char *                  tagp;
 355                 journal_block_tag_t *   tag;
 356                 struct buffer_head *    obh;
 357                 struct buffer_head *    nbh;
 358
 359                 cond_resched();
 360
 361                 /* If we already know where to stop the log traversal,
 362                  * check right now that we haven't gone past the end of
 363                  * the log. */
 364
 365                 if (pass != PASS_SCAN)
 366                         if (tid_geq(next_commit_ID, info->end_transaction))
 367                                 break;
 368
 369                 jbd_debug(2, "Scanning for sequence ID %u at %u/%u\n",
 370                           next_commit_ID, next_log_block, journal->j_last);
 371
 372                 /* Skip over each chunk of the transaction looking
 373                  * either the next descriptor block or the final commit
 374                  * record. */
 375
 376                 jbd_debug(3, "JBD: checking block %u\n", next_log_block);
 377                 err = jread(&bh, journal, next_log_block);
 378                 if (err)
 379                         goto failed;
 380
 381                 next_log_block++;
 382                 wrap(journal, next_log_block);
 383
 384                 /* What kind of buffer is it?
 385                  *
 386                  * If it is a descriptor block, check that it has the
 387                  * expected sequence number.  Otherwise, we're all done
 388                  * here. */
 389
 390                 tmp = (journal_header_t *)bh->b_data;
 391
 392                 if (tmp->h_magic != cpu_to_be32(JFS_MAGIC_NUMBER)) {
 393                         brelse(bh);
 394                         break;
 395                 }
 396
 397                 blocktype = be32_to_cpu(tmp->h_blocktype);
 398                 sequence = be32_to_cpu(tmp->h_sequence);
 399                 jbd_debug(3, "Found magic %d, sequence %d\n",
 400                           blocktype, sequence);
 401
 402                 if (sequence != next_commit_ID) {
 403                         brelse(bh);
 404                         break;
 405                 }
 406
 407                 /* OK, we have a valid descriptor block which matches
 408                  * all of the sequence number checks.  What are we going
 409                  * to do with it?  That depends on the pass... */
 410
 411                 switch(blocktype) {
 412                 case JFS_DESCRIPTOR_BLOCK:
 413                         /* If it is a valid descriptor block, replay it
 414                          * in pass REPLAY; otherwise, just skip over the
 415                          * blocks it describes. */
 416                         if (pass != PASS_REPLAY) {
 417                                 next_log_block +=
 418                                         count_tags(bh, journal->j_blocksize);
 419                                 wrap(journal, next_log_block);
 420                                 brelse(bh);
 421                                 continue;
 422                         }
 423
 424                         /* A descriptor block: we can now write all of
 425                          * the data blocks.  Yay, useful work is finally
 426                          * getting done here! */
 427
 428                         tagp = &bh->b_data[sizeof(journal_header_t)];
 429                         while ((tagp - bh->b_data +sizeof(journal_block_tag_t))
 430                                <= journal->j_blocksize) {
 431                                 unsigned int io_block;
 432
 433                                 tag = (journal_block_tag_t *) tagp;
 434                                 flags = be32_to_cpu(tag->t_flags);
 435
 436                                 io_block = next_log_block++;
 437                                 wrap(journal, next_log_block);
 438                                 err = jread(&obh, journal, io_block);
 439                                 if (err) {
 440                                         /* Recover what we can, but
 441                                          * report failure at the end. */
 442                                         success = err;
 443                                         printk (KERN_ERR
 444                                                 "JBD: IO error %d recovering "
 445                                                 "block %u in log\n",
 446                                                 err, io_block);
 447                                 } else {
 448                                         unsigned int blocknr;
 449
 450                                         J_ASSERT(obh != NULL);
 451                                         blocknr = be32_to_cpu(tag->t_blocknr);
 452
 453                                         /* If the block has been
 454                                          * revoked, then we're all done
 455                                          * here. */
 456                                         if (journal_test_revoke
 457                                             (journal, blocknr,
 458                                              next_commit_ID)) {
 459                                                 brelse(obh);
 460                                                 ++info->nr_revoke_hits;
 461                                                 goto skip_write;
 462                                         }
 463
 464                                         /* Find a buffer for the new
 465                                          * data being restored */
 466                                         nbh = __getblk(journal->j_fs_dev,
 467                                                         blocknr,
 468                                                         journal->j_blocksize);
 469                                         if (nbh == NULL) {
 470                                                 printk(KERN_ERR
 471                                                        "JBD: Out of memory "
 472                                                        "during recovery.\n");
 473                                                 err = -ENOMEM;
 474                                                 brelse(bh);
 475                                                 brelse(obh);
 476                                                 goto failed;
 477                                         }
 478
 479                                         lock_buffer(nbh);
 480                                         memcpy(nbh->b_data, obh->b_data,
 481                                                         journal->j_blocksize);
 482                                         if (flags & JFS_FLAG_ESCAPE) {
 483                                                 *((__be32 *)nbh->b_data) =
 484                                                 cpu_to_be32(JFS_MAGIC_NUMBER);
 485                                         }
 486
 487                                         BUFFER_TRACE(nbh, "marking dirty");
 488                                         set_buffer_uptodate(nbh);
 489                                         mark_buffer_dirty(nbh);
 490                                         BUFFER_TRACE(nbh, "marking uptodate");
 491                                         ++info->nr_replays;
 492                                         /* ll_rw_block(WRITE, 1, &nbh); */
 493                                         unlock_buffer(nbh);
 494                                         brelse(obh);
 495                                         brelse(nbh);
 496                                 }
 497
 498                         skip_write:
 499                                 tagp += sizeof(journal_block_tag_t);
 500                                 if (!(flags & JFS_FLAG_SAME_UUID))
 501                                         tagp += 16;
 502
 503                                 if (flags & JFS_FLAG_LAST_TAG)
 504                                         break;
 505                         }
 506
 507                         brelse(bh);
 508                         continue;
 509
 510                 case JFS_COMMIT_BLOCK:
 511                         /* Found an expected commit block: not much to
 512                          * do other than move on to the next sequence
 513                          * number. */
 514                         brelse(bh);
 515                         next_commit_ID++;
 516                         continue;
 517
 518                 case JFS_REVOKE_BLOCK:
 519                         /* If we aren't in the REVOKE pass, then we can
 520                          * just skip over this block. */
 521                         if (pass != PASS_REVOKE) {
 522                                 brelse(bh);
 523                                 continue;
 524                         }
 525
 526                         err = scan_revoke_records(journal, bh,
 527                                                   next_commit_ID, info);
 528                         brelse(bh);
 529                         if (err)
 530                                 goto failed;
 531                         continue;
 532
 533                 default:
 534                         jbd_debug(3, "Unrecognised magic %d, end of scan.\n",
 535                                   blocktype);
 536                         brelse(bh);
 537                         goto done;
 538                 }
 539         }
 540
 541  done:
 542         /*
 543          * We broke out of the log scan loop: either we came to the
 544          * known end of the log or we found an unexpected block in the
 545          * log.  If the latter happened, then we know that the "current"
 546          * transaction marks the end of the valid log.
 547          */
 548
 549         if (pass == PASS_SCAN)
 550                 info->end_transaction = next_commit_ID;
 551         else {
 552                 /* It's really bad news if different passes end up at
 553                  * different places (but possible due to IO errors). */
 554                 if (info->end_transaction != next_commit_ID) {
 555                         printk (KERN_ERR "JBD: recovery pass %d ended at "
 556                                 "transaction %u, expected %u\n",
 557                                 pass, next_commit_ID, info->end_transaction);
 558                         if (!success)
 559                                 success = -EIO;
 560                 }
 561         }
 562
 563         return success;
 564
 565  failed:
 566         return err;
 567 }
 568
 569
 570 /* Scan a revoke record, marking all blocks mentioned as revoked. */
 571
 572 static int scan_revoke_records(journal_t *journal, struct buffer_head *bh,
 573                                tid_t sequence, struct recovery_info *info)
 574 {
 575         journal_revoke_header_t *header;
 576         int offset, max;
 577
 578         header = (journal_revoke_header_t *) bh->b_data;
 579         offset = sizeof(journal_revoke_header_t);
 580         max = be32_to_cpu(header->r_count);
 581
 582         while (offset < max) {
 583                 unsigned int blocknr;
 584                 int err;
 585
 586                 blocknr = be32_to_cpu(* ((__be32 *) (bh->b_data+offset)));
 587                 offset += 4;
 588                 err = journal_set_revoke(journal, blocknr, sequence);
 589                 if (err)
 590                         return err;
 591                 ++info->nr_revokes;
 592         }
 593         return 0;
 594 }