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   1 #include <linux/kernel.h>
   2 #include <linux/module.h>
   3 #include <linux/init.h>
   4 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
   5 #include <linux/percpu.h>
   6 #include <linux/kexec.h>
   7 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
   8 #include <linux/smp.h>
   9 #include <linux/topology.h>
  10 #include <linux/pfn.h>
  11 #include <asm/sections.h>
  12 #include <asm/processor.h>
  13 #include <asm/setup.h>
  14 #include <asm/mpspec.h>
  15 #include <asm/apicdef.h>
  16 #include <asm/highmem.h>
  17 #include <asm/proto.h>
  18 #include <asm/cpumask.h>
  19 #include <asm/cpu.h>
  20 #include <asm/stackprotector.h>
  21
  22 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PER_CPU_MAPS
  23 # define DBG(x...) printk(KERN_DEBUG x)
  24 #else
  25 # define DBG(x...)
  26 #endif
  27
  28 DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, cpu_number);
  29 EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL(cpu_number);
  30
  31 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
  32 #define BOOT_PERCPU_OFFSET ((unsigned long)__per_cpu_load)
  33 #else
  34 #define BOOT_PERCPU_OFFSET 0
  35 #endif
  36
  37 DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, this_cpu_off) = BOOT_PERCPU_OFFSET;
  38 EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL(this_cpu_off);
  39
  40 unsigned long __per_cpu_offset[NR_CPUS] __read_mostly = {
  41         [0 ... NR_CPUS-1] = BOOT_PERCPU_OFFSET,
  42 };
  43 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__per_cpu_offset);
  44
  45 /*
  46  * On x86_64 symbols referenced from code should be reachable using
  47  * 32bit relocations.  Reserve space for static percpu variables in
  48  * modules so that they are always served from the first chunk which
  49  * is located at the percpu segment base.  On x86_32, anything can
  50  * address anywhere.  No need to reserve space in the first chunk.
  51  */
  52 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
  53 #define PERCPU_FIRST_CHUNK_RESERVE      PERCPU_MODULE_RESERVE
  54 #else
  55 #define PERCPU_FIRST_CHUNK_RESERVE      0
  56 #endif
  57
  58 /**
  59  * pcpu_need_numa - determine percpu allocation needs to consider NUMA
  60  *
  61  * If NUMA is not configured or there is only one NUMA node available,
  62  * there is no reason to consider NUMA.  This function determines
  63  * whether percpu allocation should consider NUMA or not.
  64  *
  65  * RETURNS:
  66  * true if NUMA should be considered; otherwise, false.
  67  */
  68 static bool __init pcpu_need_numa(void)
  69 {
  70 #ifdef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
  71         pg_data_t *last = NULL;
  72         unsigned int cpu;
  73
  74         for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
  75                 int node = early_cpu_to_node(cpu);
  76
  77                 if (node_online(node) && NODE_DATA(node) &&
  78                     last && last != NODE_DATA(node))
  79                         return true;
  80
  81                 last = NODE_DATA(node);
  82         }
  83 #endif
  84         return false;
  85 }
  86
  87 /**
  88  * pcpu_alloc_bootmem - NUMA friendly alloc_bootmem wrapper for percpu
  89  * @cpu: cpu to allocate for
  90  * @size: size allocation in bytes
  91  * @align: alignment
  92  *
  93  * Allocate @size bytes aligned at @align for cpu @cpu.  This wrapper
  94  * does the right thing for NUMA regardless of the current
  95  * configuration.
  96  *
  97  * RETURNS:
  98  * Pointer to the allocated area on success, NULL on failure.
  99  */
 100 static void * __init pcpu_alloc_bootmem(unsigned int cpu, unsigned long size,
 101                                         unsigned long align)
 102 {
 103         const unsigned long goal = __pa(MAX_DMA_ADDRESS);
 104 #ifdef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
 105         int node = early_cpu_to_node(cpu);
 106         void *ptr;
 107
 108         if (!node_online(node) || !NODE_DATA(node)) {
 109                 ptr = __alloc_bootmem_nopanic(size, align, goal);
 110                 pr_info("cpu %d has no node %d or node-local memory\n",
 111                         cpu, node);
 112                 pr_debug("per cpu data for cpu%d %lu bytes at %016lx\n",
 113                          cpu, size, __pa(ptr));
 114         } else {
 115                 ptr = __alloc_bootmem_node_nopanic(NODE_DATA(node),
 116                                                    size, align, goal);
 117                 pr_debug("per cpu data for cpu%d %lu bytes on node%d at "
 118                          "%016lx\n", cpu, size, node, __pa(ptr));
 119         }
 120         return ptr;
 121 #else
 122         return __alloc_bootmem_nopanic(size, align, goal);
 123 #endif
 124 }
 125
 126 /*
 127  * Helpers for first chunk memory allocation
 128  */
 129 static void * __init pcpu_fc_alloc(unsigned int cpu, size_t size)
 130 {
 131         return pcpu_alloc_bootmem(cpu, size, size);
 132 }
 133
 134 static void __init pcpu_fc_free(void *ptr, size_t size)
 135 {
 136         free_bootmem(__pa(ptr), size);
 137 }
 138
 139 /*
 140  * Large page remapping allocator
 141  */
 142 #ifdef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
 143 static void __init pcpul_map(void *ptr, size_t size, void *addr)
 144 {
 145         pmd_t *pmd, pmd_v;
 146
 147         pmd = populate_extra_pmd((unsigned long)addr);
 148         pmd_v = pfn_pmd(page_to_pfn(virt_to_page(ptr)), PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE);
 149         set_pmd(pmd, pmd_v);
 150 }
 151
 152 static int pcpu_lpage_cpu_distance(unsigned int from, unsigned int to)
 153 {
 154         if (early_cpu_to_node(from) == early_cpu_to_node(to))
 155                 return LOCAL_DISTANCE;
 156         else
 157                 return REMOTE_DISTANCE;
 158 }
 159
 160 static ssize_t __init setup_pcpu_lpage(size_t static_size, bool chosen)
 161 {
 162         size_t reserve = PERCPU_MODULE_RESERVE + PERCPU_DYNAMIC_RESERVE;
 163         size_t dyn_size = reserve - PERCPU_FIRST_CHUNK_RESERVE;
 164         size_t unit_map_size, unit_size;
 165         int *unit_map;
 166         int nr_units;
 167         ssize_t ret;
 168
 169         /* on non-NUMA, embedding is better */
 170         if (!chosen && !pcpu_need_numa())
 171                 return -EINVAL;
 172
 173         /* need PSE */
 174         if (!cpu_has_pse) {
 175                 pr_warning("PERCPU: lpage allocator requires PSE\n");
 176                 return -EINVAL;
 177         }
 178
 179         /* allocate and build unit_map */
 180         unit_map_size = nr_cpu_ids * sizeof(int);
 181         unit_map = alloc_bootmem_nopanic(unit_map_size);
 182         if (!unit_map) {
 183                 pr_warning("PERCPU: failed to allocate unit_map\n");
 184                 return -ENOMEM;
 185         }
 186
 187         ret = pcpu_lpage_build_unit_map(static_size,
 188                                         PERCPU_FIRST_CHUNK_RESERVE,
 189                                         &dyn_size, &unit_size, PMD_SIZE,
 190                                         unit_map, pcpu_lpage_cpu_distance);
 191         if (ret < 0) {
 192                 pr_warning("PERCPU: failed to build unit_map\n");
 193                 goto out_free;
 194         }
 195         nr_units = ret;
 196
 197         /* do the parameters look okay? */
 198         if (!chosen) {
 199                 size_t vm_size = VMALLOC_END - VMALLOC_START;
 200                 size_t tot_size = nr_units * unit_size;
 201
 202                 /* don't consume more than 20% of vmalloc area */
 203                 if (tot_size > vm_size / 5) {
 204                         pr_info("PERCPU: too large chunk size %zuMB for "
 205                                 "large page remap\n", tot_size >> 20);
 206                         ret = -EINVAL;
 207                         goto out_free;
 208                 }
 209         }
 210
 211         ret = pcpu_lpage_first_chunk(static_size, PERCPU_FIRST_CHUNK_RESERVE,
 212                                      dyn_size, unit_size, PMD_SIZE,
 213                                      unit_map, nr_units,
 214                                      pcpu_fc_alloc, pcpu_fc_free, pcpul_map);
 215 out_free:
 216         if (ret < 0)
 217                 free_bootmem(__pa(unit_map), unit_map_size);
 218         return ret;
 219 }
 220 #else
 221 static ssize_t __init setup_pcpu_lpage(size_t static_size, bool chosen)
 222 {
 223         return -EINVAL;
 224 }
 225 #endif
 226
 227 /*
 228  * Embedding allocator
 229  *
 230  * The first chunk is sized to just contain the static area plus
 231  * module and dynamic reserves and embedded into linear physical
 232  * mapping so that it can use PMD mapping without additional TLB
 233  * pressure.
 234  */
 235 static ssize_t __init setup_pcpu_embed(size_t static_size, bool chosen)
 236 {
 237         size_t reserve = PERCPU_MODULE_RESERVE + PERCPU_DYNAMIC_RESERVE;
 238
 239         /*
 240          * If large page isn't supported, there's no benefit in doing
 241          * this.  Also, embedding allocation doesn't play well with
 242          * NUMA.
 243          */
 244         if (!chosen && (!cpu_has_pse || pcpu_need_numa()))
 245                 return -EINVAL;
 246
 247         return pcpu_embed_first_chunk(static_size, PERCPU_FIRST_CHUNK_RESERVE,
 248                                       reserve - PERCPU_FIRST_CHUNK_RESERVE);
 249 }
 250
 251 /*
 252  * 4k allocator
 253  *
 254  * Boring fallback 4k allocator.  This allocator puts more pressure on
 255  * PTE TLBs but other than that behaves nicely on both UMA and NUMA.
 256  */
 257 static void __init pcpu4k_populate_pte(unsigned long addr)
 258 {
 259         populate_extra_pte(addr);
 260 }
 261
 262 static ssize_t __init setup_pcpu_4k(size_t static_size)
 263 {
 264         return pcpu_4k_first_chunk(static_size, PERCPU_FIRST_CHUNK_RESERVE,
 265                                    pcpu_fc_alloc, pcpu_fc_free,
 266                                    pcpu4k_populate_pte);
 267 }
 268
 269 /* for explicit first chunk allocator selection */
 270 static char pcpu_chosen_alloc[16] __initdata;
 271
 272 static int __init percpu_alloc_setup(char *str)
 273 {
 274         strncpy(pcpu_chosen_alloc, str, sizeof(pcpu_chosen_alloc) - 1);
 275         return 0;
 276 }
 277 early_param("percpu_alloc", percpu_alloc_setup);
 278
 279 static inline void setup_percpu_segment(int cpu)
 280 {
 281 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 282         struct desc_struct gdt;
 283
 284         pack_descriptor(&gdt, per_cpu_offset(cpu), 0xFFFFF,
 285                         0x2 | DESCTYPE_S, 0x8);
 286         gdt.s = 1;
 287         write_gdt_entry(get_cpu_gdt_table(cpu),
 288                         GDT_ENTRY_PERCPU, &gdt, DESCTYPE_S);
 289 #endif
 290 }
 291
 292 void __init setup_per_cpu_areas(void)
 293 {
 294         size_t static_size = __per_cpu_end - __per_cpu_start;
 295         unsigned int cpu;
 296         unsigned long delta;
 297         size_t pcpu_unit_size;
 298         ssize_t ret;
 299
 300         pr_info("NR_CPUS:%d nr_cpumask_bits:%d nr_cpu_ids:%d nr_node_ids:%d\n",
 301                 NR_CPUS, nr_cpumask_bits, nr_cpu_ids, nr_node_ids);
 302
 303         /*
 304          * Allocate percpu area.  If PSE is supported, try to make use
 305          * of large page mappings.  Please read comments on top of
 306          * each allocator for details.
 307          */
 308         ret = -EINVAL;
 309         if (strlen(pcpu_chosen_alloc)) {
 310                 if (strcmp(pcpu_chosen_alloc, "4k")) {
 311                         if (!strcmp(pcpu_chosen_alloc, "lpage"))
 312                                 ret = setup_pcpu_lpage(static_size, true);
 313                         else if (!strcmp(pcpu_chosen_alloc, "embed"))
 314                                 ret = setup_pcpu_embed(static_size, true);
 315                         else
 316                                 pr_warning("PERCPU: unknown allocator %s "
 317                                            "specified\n", pcpu_chosen_alloc);
 318                         if (ret < 0)
 319                                 pr_warning("PERCPU: %s allocator failed (%zd), "
 320                                            "falling back to 4k\n",
 321                                            pcpu_chosen_alloc, ret);
 322                 }
 323         } else {
 324                 ret = setup_pcpu_lpage(static_size, false);
 325                 if (ret < 0)
 326                         ret = setup_pcpu_embed(static_size, false);
 327         }
 328         if (ret < 0)
 329                 ret = setup_pcpu_4k(static_size);
 330         if (ret < 0)
 331                 panic("cannot allocate static percpu area (%zu bytes, err=%zd)",
 332                       static_size, ret);
 333
 334         pcpu_unit_size = ret;
 335
 336         /* alrighty, percpu areas up and running */
 337         delta = (unsigned long)pcpu_base_addr - (unsigned long)__per_cpu_start;
 338         for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
 339                 per_cpu_offset(cpu) =
 340                         delta + pcpu_unit_map[cpu] * pcpu_unit_size;
 341                 per_cpu(this_cpu_off, cpu) = per_cpu_offset(cpu);
 342                 per_cpu(cpu_number, cpu) = cpu;
 343                 setup_percpu_segment(cpu);
 344                 setup_stack_canary_segment(cpu);
 345                 /*
 346                  * Copy data used in early init routines from the
 347                  * initial arrays to the per cpu data areas.  These
 348                  * arrays then become expendable and the *_early_ptr's
 349                  * are zeroed indicating that the static arrays are
 350                  * gone.
 351                  */
 352 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
 353                 per_cpu(x86_cpu_to_apicid, cpu) =
 354                         early_per_cpu_map(x86_cpu_to_apicid, cpu);
 355                 per_cpu(x86_bios_cpu_apicid, cpu) =
 356                         early_per_cpu_map(x86_bios_cpu_apicid, cpu);
 357 #endif
 358 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 359                 per_cpu(irq_stack_ptr, cpu) =
 360                         per_cpu(irq_stack_union.irq_stack, cpu) +
 361                         IRQ_STACK_SIZE - 64;
 362 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 363                 per_cpu(x86_cpu_to_node_map, cpu) =
 364                         early_per_cpu_map(x86_cpu_to_node_map, cpu);
 365 #endif
 366 #endif
 367                 /*
 368                  * Up to this point, the boot CPU has been using .data.init
 369                  * area.  Reload any changed state for the boot CPU.
 370                  */
 371                 if (cpu == boot_cpu_id)
 372                         switch_to_new_gdt(cpu);
 373         }
 374
 375         /* indicate the early static arrays will soon be gone */
 376 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
 377         early_per_cpu_ptr(x86_cpu_to_apicid) = NULL;
 378         early_per_cpu_ptr(x86_bios_cpu_apicid) = NULL;
 379 #endif
 380 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_64) && defined(CONFIG_NUMA)
 381         early_per_cpu_ptr(x86_cpu_to_node_map) = NULL;
 382 #endif
 383
 384 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_64) && defined(CONFIG_NUMA)
 385         /*
 386          * make sure boot cpu node_number is right, when boot cpu is on the
 387          * node that doesn't have mem installed
 388          */
 389         per_cpu(node_number, boot_cpu_id) = cpu_to_node(boot_cpu_id);
 390 #endif
 391
 392         /* Setup node to cpumask map */
 393         setup_node_to_cpumask_map();
 394
 395         /* Setup cpu initialized, callin, callout masks */
 396         setup_cpu_local_masks();
 397 }