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   1 /*
   2  * page-types: Tool for querying page flags
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2009 Intel corporation
   5  *
   6  * Authors: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
   7  *
   8  * Released under the General Public License (GPL).
   9  */
  10
  11 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE
  12 #include <stdio.h>
  13 #include <stdlib.h>
  14 #include <unistd.h>
  15 #include <stdint.h>
  16 #include <stdarg.h>
  17 #include <string.h>
  18 #include <getopt.h>
  19 #include <limits.h>
  20 #include <assert.h>
  21 #include <sys/types.h>
  22 #include <sys/errno.h>
  23 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
  24
  25
  26 /*
  27  * pagemap kernel ABI bits
  28  */
  29
  30 #define PM_ENTRY_BYTES      sizeof(uint64_t)
  31 #define PM_STATUS_BITS      3
  32 #define PM_STATUS_OFFSET    (64 - PM_STATUS_BITS)
  33 #define PM_STATUS_MASK      (((1LL << PM_STATUS_BITS) - 1) << PM_STATUS_OFFSET)
  34 #define PM_STATUS(nr)       (((nr) << PM_STATUS_OFFSET) & PM_STATUS_MASK)
  35 #define PM_PSHIFT_BITS      6
  36 #define PM_PSHIFT_OFFSET    (PM_STATUS_OFFSET - PM_PSHIFT_BITS)
  37 #define PM_PSHIFT_MASK      (((1LL << PM_PSHIFT_BITS) - 1) << PM_PSHIFT_OFFSET)
  38 #define PM_PSHIFT(x)        (((u64) (x) << PM_PSHIFT_OFFSET) & PM_PSHIFT_MASK)
  39 #define PM_PFRAME_MASK      ((1LL << PM_PSHIFT_OFFSET) - 1)
  40 #define PM_PFRAME(x)        ((x) & PM_PFRAME_MASK)
  41
  42 #define PM_PRESENT          PM_STATUS(4LL)
  43 #define PM_SWAP             PM_STATUS(2LL)
  44
  45
  46 /*
  47  * kernel page flags
  48  */
  49
  50 #define KPF_BYTES               8
  51 #define PROC_KPAGEFLAGS         "/proc/kpageflags"
  52
  53 /* copied from kpageflags_read() */
  54 #define KPF_LOCKED              0
  55 #define KPF_ERROR               1
  56 #define KPF_REFERENCED          2
  57 #define KPF_UPTODATE            3
  58 #define KPF_DIRTY               4
  59 #define KPF_LRU                 5
  60 #define KPF_ACTIVE              6
  61 #define KPF_SLAB                7
  62 #define KPF_WRITEBACK           8
  63 #define KPF_RECLAIM             9
  64 #define KPF_BUDDY               10
  65
  66 /* [11-20] new additions in 2.6.31 */
  67 #define KPF_MMAP                11
  68 #define KPF_ANON                12
  69 #define KPF_SWAPCACHE           13
  70 #define KPF_SWAPBACKED          14
  71 #define KPF_COMPOUND_HEAD       15
  72 #define KPF_COMPOUND_TAIL       16
  73 #define KPF_HUGE                17
  74 #define KPF_UNEVICTABLE         18
  75 #define KPF_HWPOISON            19
  76 #define KPF_NOPAGE              20
  77 #define KPF_KSM                 21
  78
  79 /* [32-] kernel hacking assistances */
  80 #define KPF_RESERVED            32
  81 #define KPF_MLOCKED             33
  82 #define KPF_MAPPEDTODISK        34
  83 #define KPF_PRIVATE             35
  84 #define KPF_PRIVATE_2           36
  85 #define KPF_OWNER_PRIVATE       37
  86 #define KPF_ARCH                38
  87 #define KPF_UNCACHED            39
  88
  89 /* [48-] take some arbitrary free slots for expanding overloaded flags
  90  * not part of kernel API
  91  */
  92 #define KPF_READAHEAD           48
  93 #define KPF_SLOB_FREE           49
  94 #define KPF_SLUB_FROZEN         50
  95 #define KPF_SLUB_DEBUG          51
  96
  97 #define KPF_ALL_BITS            ((uint64_t)~0ULL)
  98 #define KPF_HACKERS_BITS        (0xffffULL << 32)
  99 #define KPF_OVERLOADED_BITS     (0xffffULL << 48)
 100 #define BIT(name)               (1ULL << KPF_##name)
 101 #define BITS_COMPOUND           (BIT(COMPOUND_HEAD) | BIT(COMPOUND_TAIL))
 102
 103 static char *page_flag_names[] = {
 104         [KPF_LOCKED]            = "L:locked",
 105         [KPF_ERROR]             = "E:error",
 106         [KPF_REFERENCED]        = "R:referenced",
 107         [KPF_UPTODATE]          = "U:uptodate",
 108         [KPF_DIRTY]             = "D:dirty",
 109         [KPF_LRU]               = "l:lru",
 110         [KPF_ACTIVE]            = "A:active",
 111         [KPF_SLAB]              = "S:slab",
 112         [KPF_WRITEBACK]         = "W:writeback",
 113         [KPF_RECLAIM]           = "I:reclaim",
 114         [KPF_BUDDY]             = "B:buddy",
 115
 116         [KPF_MMAP]              = "M:mmap",
 117         [KPF_ANON]              = "a:anonymous",
 118         [KPF_SWAPCACHE]         = "s:swapcache",
 119         [KPF_SWAPBACKED]        = "b:swapbacked",
 120         [KPF_COMPOUND_HEAD]     = "H:compound_head",
 121         [KPF_COMPOUND_TAIL]     = "T:compound_tail",
 122         [KPF_HUGE]              = "G:huge",
 123         [KPF_UNEVICTABLE]       = "u:unevictable",
 124         [KPF_HWPOISON]          = "X:hwpoison",
 125         [KPF_NOPAGE]            = "n:nopage",
 126         [KPF_KSM]               = "x:ksm",
 127
 128         [KPF_RESERVED]          = "r:reserved",
 129         [KPF_MLOCKED]           = "m:mlocked",
 130         [KPF_MAPPEDTODISK]      = "d:mappedtodisk",
 131         [KPF_PRIVATE]           = "P:private",
 132         [KPF_PRIVATE_2]         = "p:private_2",
 133         [KPF_OWNER_PRIVATE]     = "O:owner_private",
 134         [KPF_ARCH]              = "h:arch",
 135         [KPF_UNCACHED]          = "c:uncached",
 136
 137         [KPF_READAHEAD]         = "I:readahead",
 138         [KPF_SLOB_FREE]         = "P:slob_free",
 139         [KPF_SLUB_FROZEN]       = "A:slub_frozen",
 140         [KPF_SLUB_DEBUG]        = "E:slub_debug",
 141 };
 142
 143
 144 /*
 145  * data structures
 146  */
 147
 148 static int              opt_raw;        /* for kernel developers */
 149 static int              opt_list;       /* list pages (in ranges) */
 150 static int              opt_no_summary; /* don't show summary */
 151 static pid_t            opt_pid;        /* process to walk */
 152
 153 #define MAX_ADDR_RANGES 1024
 154 static int              nr_addr_ranges;
 155 static unsigned long    opt_offset[MAX_ADDR_RANGES];
 156 static unsigned long    opt_size[MAX_ADDR_RANGES];
 157
 158 #define MAX_VMAS        10240
 159 static int              nr_vmas;
 160 static unsigned long    pg_start[MAX_VMAS];
 161 static unsigned long    pg_end[MAX_VMAS];
 162
 163 #define MAX_BIT_FILTERS 64
 164 static int              nr_bit_filters;
 165 static uint64_t         opt_mask[MAX_BIT_FILTERS];
 166 static uint64_t         opt_bits[MAX_BIT_FILTERS];
 167
 168 static int              page_size;
 169
 170 static int              pagemap_fd;
 171 static int              kpageflags_fd;
 172
 173 #define HASH_SHIFT      13
 174 #define HASH_SIZE       (1 << HASH_SHIFT)
 175 #define HASH_MASK       (HASH_SIZE - 1)
 176 #define HASH_KEY(flags) (flags & HASH_MASK)
 177
 178 static unsigned long    total_pages;
 179 static unsigned long    nr_pages[HASH_SIZE];
 180 static uint64_t         page_flags[HASH_SIZE];
 181
 182
 183 /*
 184  * helper functions
 185  */
 186
 187 #define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0]))
 188
 189 #define min_t(type, x, y) ({                    \
 190         type __min1 = (x);                      \
 191         type __min2 = (y);                      \
 192         __min1 < __min2 ? __min1 : __min2; })
 193
 194 #define max_t(type, x, y) ({                    \
 195         type __max1 = (x);                      \
 196         type __max2 = (y);                      \
 197         __max1 > __max2 ? __max1 : __max2; })
 198
 199 static unsigned long pages2mb(unsigned long pages)
 200 {
 201         return (pages * page_size) >> 20;
 202 }
 203
 204 static void fatal(const char *x, ...)
 205 {
 206         va_list ap;
 207
 208         va_start(ap, x);
 209         vfprintf(stderr, x, ap);
 210         va_end(ap);
 211         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 212 }
 213
 214 int checked_open(const char *pathname, int flags)
 215 {
 216         int fd = open(pathname, flags);
 217
 218         if (fd < 0) {
 219                 perror(pathname);
 220                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 221         }
 222
 223         return fd;
 224 }
 225
 226 /*
 227  * pagemap/kpageflags routines
 228  */
 229
 230 static unsigned long do_u64_read(int fd, char *name,
 231                                  uint64_t *buf,
 232                                  unsigned long index,
 233                                  unsigned long count)
 234 {
 235         long bytes;
 236
 237         if (index > ULONG_MAX / 8)
 238                 fatal("index overflow: %lu\n", index);
 239
 240         if (lseek(fd, index * 8, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
 241                 perror(name);
 242                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 243         }
 244
 245         bytes = read(fd, buf, count * 8);
 246         if (bytes < 0) {
 247                 perror(name);
 248                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 249         }
 250         if (bytes % 8)
 251                 fatal("partial read: %lu bytes\n", bytes);
 252
 253         return bytes / 8;
 254 }
 255
 256 static unsigned long kpageflags_read(uint64_t *buf,
 257                                      unsigned long index,
 258                                      unsigned long pages)
 259 {
 260         return do_u64_read(kpageflags_fd, PROC_KPAGEFLAGS, buf, index, pages);
 261 }
 262
 263 static unsigned long pagemap_read(uint64_t *buf,
 264                                   unsigned long index,
 265                                   unsigned long pages)
 266 {
 267         return do_u64_read(pagemap_fd, "/proc/pid/pagemap", buf, index, pages);
 268 }
 269
 270 static unsigned long pagemap_pfn(uint64_t val)
 271 {
 272         unsigned long pfn;
 273
 274         if (val & PM_PRESENT)
 275                 pfn = PM_PFRAME(val);
 276         else
 277                 pfn = 0;
 278
 279         return pfn;
 280 }
 281
 282
 283 /*
 284  * page flag names
 285  */
 286
 287 static char *page_flag_name(uint64_t flags)
 288 {
 289         static char buf[65];
 290         int present;
 291         int i, j;
 292
 293         for (i = 0, j = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(page_flag_names); i++) {
 294                 present = (flags >> i) & 1;
 295                 if (!page_flag_names[i]) {
 296                         if (present)
 297                                 fatal("unkown flag bit %d\n", i);
 298                         continue;
 299                 }
 300                 buf[j++] = present ? page_flag_names[i][0] : '_';
 301         }
 302
 303         return buf;
 304 }
 305
 306 static char *page_flag_longname(uint64_t flags)
 307 {
 308         static char buf[1024];
 309         int i, n;
 310
 311         for (i = 0, n = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(page_flag_names); i++) {
 312                 if (!page_flag_names[i])
 313                         continue;
 314                 if ((flags >> i) & 1)
 315                         n += snprintf(buf + n, sizeof(buf) - n, "%s,",
 316                                         page_flag_names[i] + 2);
 317         }
 318         if (n)
 319                 n--;
 320         buf[n] = '\0';
 321
 322         return buf;
 323 }
 324
 325
 326 /*
 327  * page list and summary
 328  */
 329
 330 static void show_page_range(unsigned long voffset,
 331                             unsigned long offset, uint64_t flags)
 332 {
 333         static uint64_t      flags0;
 334         static unsigned long voff;
 335         static unsigned long index;
 336         static unsigned long count;
 337
 338         if (flags == flags0 && offset == index + count &&
 339             (!opt_pid || voffset == voff + count)) {
 340                 count++;
 341                 return;
 342         }
 343
 344         if (count) {
 345                 if (opt_pid)
 346                         printf("%lx\t", voff);
 347                 printf("%lx\t%lx\t%s\n",
 348                                 index, count, page_flag_name(flags0));
 349         }
 350
 351         flags0 = flags;
 352         index  = offset;
 353         voff   = voffset;
 354         count  = 1;
 355 }
 356
 357 static void show_page(unsigned long voffset,
 358                       unsigned long offset, uint64_t flags)
 359 {
 360         if (opt_pid)
 361                 printf("%lx\t", voffset);
 362         printf("%lx\t%s\n", offset, page_flag_name(flags));
 363 }
 364
 365 static void show_summary(void)
 366 {
 367         int i;
 368
 369         printf("             flags\tpage-count       MB"
 370                 "  symbolic-flags\t\t\tlong-symbolic-flags\n");
 371
 372         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(nr_pages); i++) {
 373                 if (nr_pages[i])
 374                         printf("0x%016llx\t%10lu %8lu  %s\t%s\n",
 375                                 (unsigned long long)page_flags[i],
 376                                 nr_pages[i],
 377                                 pages2mb(nr_pages[i]),
 378                                 page_flag_name(page_flags[i]),
 379                                 page_flag_longname(page_flags[i]));
 380         }
 381
 382         printf("             total\t%10lu %8lu\n",
 383                         total_pages, pages2mb(total_pages));
 384 }
 385
 386
 387 /*
 388  * page flag filters
 389  */
 390
 391 static int bit_mask_ok(uint64_t flags)
 392 {
 393         int i;
 394
 395         for (i = 0; i < nr_bit_filters; i++) {
 396                 if (opt_bits[i] == KPF_ALL_BITS) {
 397                         if ((flags & opt_mask[i]) == 0)
 398                                 return 0;
 399                 } else {
 400                         if ((flags & opt_mask[i]) != opt_bits[i])
 401                                 return 0;
 402                 }
 403         }
 404
 405         return 1;
 406 }
 407
 408 static uint64_t expand_overloaded_flags(uint64_t flags)
 409 {
 410         /* SLOB/SLUB overload several page flags */
 411         if (flags & BIT(SLAB)) {
 412                 if (flags & BIT(PRIVATE))
 413                         flags ^= BIT(PRIVATE) | BIT(SLOB_FREE);
 414                 if (flags & BIT(ACTIVE))
 415                         flags ^= BIT(ACTIVE) | BIT(SLUB_FROZEN);
 416                 if (flags & BIT(ERROR))
 417                         flags ^= BIT(ERROR) | BIT(SLUB_DEBUG);
 418         }
 419
 420         /* PG_reclaim is overloaded as PG_readahead in the read path */
 421         if ((flags & (BIT(RECLAIM) | BIT(WRITEBACK))) == BIT(RECLAIM))
 422                 flags ^= BIT(RECLAIM) | BIT(READAHEAD);
 423
 424         return flags;
 425 }
 426
 427 static uint64_t well_known_flags(uint64_t flags)
 428 {
 429         /* hide flags intended only for kernel hacker */
 430         flags &= ~KPF_HACKERS_BITS;
 431
 432         /* hide non-hugeTLB compound pages */
 433         if ((flags & BITS_COMPOUND) && !(flags & BIT(HUGE)))
 434                 flags &= ~BITS_COMPOUND;
 435
 436         return flags;
 437 }
 438
 439 static uint64_t kpageflags_flags(uint64_t flags)
 440 {
 441         flags = expand_overloaded_flags(flags);
 442
 443         if (!opt_raw)
 444                 flags = well_known_flags(flags);
 445
 446         return flags;
 447 }
 448
 449 /*
 450  * page frame walker
 451  */
 452
 453 static int hash_slot(uint64_t flags)
 454 {
 455         int k = HASH_KEY(flags);
 456         int i;
 457
 458         /* Explicitly reserve slot 0 for flags 0: the following logic
 459          * cannot distinguish an unoccupied slot from slot (flags==0).
 460          */
 461         if (flags == 0)
 462                 return 0;
 463
 464         /* search through the remaining (HASH_SIZE-1) slots */
 465         for (i = 1; i < ARRAY_SIZE(page_flags); i++, k++) {
 466                 if (!k || k >= ARRAY_SIZE(page_flags))
 467                         k = 1;
 468                 if (page_flags[k] == 0) {
 469                         page_flags[k] = flags;
 470                         return k;
 471                 }
 472                 if (page_flags[k] == flags)
 473                         return k;
 474         }
 475
 476         fatal("hash table full: bump up HASH_SHIFT?\n");
 477         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 478 }
 479
 480 static void add_page(unsigned long voffset,
 481                      unsigned long offset, uint64_t flags)
 482 {
 483         flags = kpageflags_flags(flags);
 484
 485         if (!bit_mask_ok(flags))
 486                 return;
 487
 488         if (opt_list == 1)
 489                 show_page_range(voffset, offset, flags);
 490         else if (opt_list == 2)
 491                 show_page(voffset, offset, flags);
 492
 493         nr_pages[hash_slot(flags)]++;
 494         total_pages++;
 495 }
 496
 497 #define KPAGEFLAGS_BATCH        (64 << 10)      /* 64k pages */
 498 static void walk_pfn(unsigned long voffset,
 499                      unsigned long index,
 500                      unsigned long count)
 501 {
 502         uint64_t buf[KPAGEFLAGS_BATCH];
 503         unsigned long batch;
 504         unsigned long pages;
 505         unsigned long i;
 506
 507         while (count) {
 508                 batch = min_t(unsigned long, count, KPAGEFLAGS_BATCH);
 509                 pages = kpageflags_read(buf, index, batch);
 510                 if (pages == 0)
 511                         break;
 512
 513                 for (i = 0; i < pages; i++)
 514                         add_page(voffset + i, index + i, buf[i]);
 515
 516                 index += pages;
 517                 count -= pages;
 518         }
 519 }
 520
 521 #define PAGEMAP_BATCH   (64 << 10)
 522 static void walk_vma(unsigned long index, unsigned long count)
 523 {
 524         uint64_t buf[PAGEMAP_BATCH];
 525         unsigned long batch;
 526         unsigned long pages;
 527         unsigned long pfn;
 528         unsigned long i;
 529
 530         while (count) {
 531                 batch = min_t(unsigned long, count, PAGEMAP_BATCH);
 532                 pages = pagemap_read(buf, index, batch);
 533                 if (pages == 0)
 534                         break;
 535
 536                 for (i = 0; i < pages; i++) {
 537                         pfn = pagemap_pfn(buf[i]);
 538                         if (pfn)
 539                                 walk_pfn(index + i, pfn, 1);
 540                 }
 541
 542                 index += pages;
 543                 count -= pages;
 544         }
 545 }
 546
 547 static void walk_task(unsigned long index, unsigned long count)
 548 {
 549         const unsigned long end = index + count;
 550         unsigned long start;
 551         int i = 0;
 552
 553         while (index < end) {
 554
 555                 while (pg_end[i] <= index)
 556                         if (++i >= nr_vmas)
 557                                 return;
 558                 if (pg_start[i] >= end)
 559                         return;
 560
 561                 start = max_t(unsigned long, pg_start[i], index);
 562                 index = min_t(unsigned long, pg_end[i], end);
 563
 564                 assert(start < index);
 565                 walk_vma(start, index - start);
 566         }
 567 }
 568
 569 static void add_addr_range(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size)
 570 {
 571         if (nr_addr_ranges >= MAX_ADDR_RANGES)
 572                 fatal("too many addr ranges\n");
 573
 574         opt_offset[nr_addr_ranges] = offset;
 575         opt_size[nr_addr_ranges] = min_t(unsigned long, size, ULONG_MAX-offset);
 576         nr_addr_ranges++;
 577 }
 578
 579 static void walk_addr_ranges(void)
 580 {
 581         int i;
 582
 583         kpageflags_fd = checked_open(PROC_KPAGEFLAGS, O_RDONLY);
 584
 585         if (!nr_addr_ranges)
 586                 add_addr_range(0, ULONG_MAX);
 587
 588         for (i = 0; i < nr_addr_ranges; i++)
 589                 if (!opt_pid)
 590                         walk_pfn(0, opt_offset[i], opt_size[i]);
 591                 else
 592                         walk_task(opt_offset[i], opt_size[i]);
 593
 594         close(kpageflags_fd);
 595 }
 596
 597
 598 /*
 599  * user interface
 600  */
 601
 602 static const char *page_flag_type(uint64_t flag)
 603 {
 604         if (flag & KPF_HACKERS_BITS)
 605                 return "(r)";
 606         if (flag & KPF_OVERLOADED_BITS)
 607                 return "(o)";
 608         return "   ";
 609 }
 610
 611 static void usage(void)
 612 {
 613         int i, j;
 614
 615         printf(
 616 "page-types [options]\n"
 617 "            -r|--raw                  Raw mode, for kernel developers\n"
 618 "            -a|--addr    addr-spec    Walk a range of pages\n"
 619 "            -b|--bits    bits-spec    Walk pages with specified bits\n"
 620 "            -p|--pid     pid          Walk process address space\n"
 621 #if 0 /* planned features */
 622 "            -f|--file    filename     Walk file address space\n"
 623 #endif
 624 "            -l|--list                 Show page details in ranges\n"
 625 "            -L|--list-each            Show page details one by one\n"
 626 "            -N|--no-summary           Don't show summay info\n"
 627 "            -h|--help                 Show this usage message\n"
 628 "addr-spec:\n"
 629 "            N                         one page at offset N (unit: pages)\n"
 630 "            N+M                       pages range from N to N+M-1\n"
 631 "            N,M                       pages range from N to M-1\n"
 632 "            N,                        pages range from N to end\n"
 633 "            ,M                        pages range from 0 to M-1\n"
 634 "bits-spec:\n"
 635 "            bit1,bit2                 (flags & (bit1|bit2)) != 0\n"
 636 "            bit1,bit2=bit1            (flags & (bit1|bit2)) == bit1\n"
 637 "            bit1,~bit2                (flags & (bit1|bit2)) == bit1\n"
 638 "            =bit1,bit2                flags == (bit1|bit2)\n"
 639 "bit-names:\n"
 640         );
 641
 642         for (i = 0, j = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(page_flag_names); i++) {
 643                 if (!page_flag_names[i])
 644                         continue;
 645                 printf("%16s%s", page_flag_names[i] + 2,
 646                                  page_flag_type(1ULL << i));
 647                 if (++j > 3) {
 648                         j = 0;
 649                         putchar('\n');
 650                 }
 651         }
 652         printf("\n                                   "
 653                 "(r) raw mode bits  (o) overloaded bits\n");
 654 }
 655
 656 static unsigned long long parse_number(const char *str)
 657 {
 658         unsigned long long n;
 659
 660         n = strtoll(str, NULL, 0);
 661
 662         if (n == 0 && str[0] != '0')
 663                 fatal("invalid name or number: %s\n", str);
 664
 665         return n;
 666 }
 667
 668 static void parse_pid(const char *str)
 669 {
 670         FILE *file;
 671         char buf[5000];
 672
 673         opt_pid = parse_number(str);
 674
 675         sprintf(buf, "/proc/%d/pagemap", opt_pid);
 676         pagemap_fd = checked_open(buf, O_RDONLY);
 677
 678         sprintf(buf, "/proc/%d/maps", opt_pid);
 679         file = fopen(buf, "r");
 680         if (!file) {
 681                 perror(buf);
 682                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 683         }
 684
 685         while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file) != NULL) {
 686                 unsigned long vm_start;
 687                 unsigned long vm_end;
 688                 unsigned long long pgoff;
 689                 int major, minor;
 690                 char r, w, x, s;
 691                 unsigned long ino;
 692                 int n;
 693
 694                 n = sscanf(buf, "%lx-%lx %c%c%c%c %llx %x:%x %lu",
 695                            &vm_start,
 696                            &vm_end,
 697                            &r, &w, &x, &s,
 698                            &pgoff,
 699                            &major, &minor,
 700                            &ino);
 701                 if (n < 10) {
 702                         fprintf(stderr, "unexpected line: %s\n", buf);
 703                         continue;
 704                 }
 705                 pg_start[nr_vmas] = vm_start / page_size;
 706                 pg_end[nr_vmas] = vm_end / page_size;
 707                 if (++nr_vmas >= MAX_VMAS) {
 708                         fprintf(stderr, "too many VMAs\n");
 709                         break;
 710                 }
 711         }
 712         fclose(file);
 713 }
 714
 715 static void parse_file(const char *name)
 716 {
 717 }
 718
 719 static void parse_addr_range(const char *optarg)
 720 {
 721         unsigned long offset;
 722         unsigned long size;
 723         char *p;
 724
 725         p = strchr(optarg, ',');
 726         if (!p)
 727                 p = strchr(optarg, '+');
 728
 729         if (p == optarg) {
 730                 offset = 0;
 731                 size   = parse_number(p + 1);
 732         } else if (p) {
 733                 offset = parse_number(optarg);
 734                 if (p[1] == '\0')
 735                         size = ULONG_MAX;
 736                 else {
 737                         size = parse_number(p + 1);
 738                         if (*p == ',') {
 739                                 if (size < offset)
 740                                         fatal("invalid range: %lu,%lu\n",
 741                                                         offset, size);
 742                                 size -= offset;
 743                         }
 744                 }
 745         } else {
 746                 offset = parse_number(optarg);
 747                 size   = 1;
 748         }
 749
 750         add_addr_range(offset, size);
 751 }
 752
 753 static void add_bits_filter(uint64_t mask, uint64_t bits)
 754 {
 755         if (nr_bit_filters >= MAX_BIT_FILTERS)
 756                 fatal("too much bit filters\n");
 757
 758         opt_mask[nr_bit_filters] = mask;
 759         opt_bits[nr_bit_filters] = bits;
 760         nr_bit_filters++;
 761 }
 762
 763 static uint64_t parse_flag_name(const char *str, int len)
 764 {
 765         int i;
 766
 767         if (!*str || !len)
 768                 return 0;
 769
 770         if (len <= 8 && !strncmp(str, "compound", len))
 771                 return BITS_COMPOUND;
 772
 773         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(page_flag_names); i++) {
 774                 if (!page_flag_names[i])
 775                         continue;
 776                 if (!strncmp(str, page_flag_names[i] + 2, len))
 777                         return 1ULL << i;
 778         }
 779
 780         return parse_number(str);
 781 }
 782
 783 static uint64_t parse_flag_names(const char *str, int all)
 784 {
 785         const char *p    = str;
 786         uint64_t   flags = 0;
 787
 788         while (1) {
 789                 if (*p == ',' || *p == '=' || *p == '\0') {
 790                         if ((*str != '~') || (*str == '~' && all && *++str))
 791                                 flags |= parse_flag_name(str, p - str);
 792                         if (*p != ',')
 793                                 break;
 794                         str = p + 1;
 795                 }
 796                 p++;
 797         }
 798
 799         return flags;
 800 }
 801
 802 static void parse_bits_mask(const char *optarg)
 803 {
 804         uint64_t mask;
 805         uint64_t bits;
 806         const char *p;
 807
 808         p = strchr(optarg, '=');
 809         if (p == optarg) {
 810                 mask = KPF_ALL_BITS;
 811                 bits = parse_flag_names(p + 1, 0);
 812         } else if (p) {
 813                 mask = parse_flag_names(optarg, 0);
 814                 bits = parse_flag_names(p + 1, 0);
 815         } else if (strchr(optarg, '~')) {
 816                 mask = parse_flag_names(optarg, 1);
 817                 bits = parse_flag_names(optarg, 0);
 818         } else {
 819                 mask = parse_flag_names(optarg, 0);
 820                 bits = KPF_ALL_BITS;
 821         }
 822
 823         add_bits_filter(mask, bits);
 824 }
 825
 826
 827 static struct option opts[] = {
 828         { "raw"       , 0, NULL, 'r' },
 829         { "pid"       , 1, NULL, 'p' },
 830         { "file"      , 1, NULL, 'f' },
 831         { "addr"      , 1, NULL, 'a' },
 832         { "bits"      , 1, NULL, 'b' },
 833         { "list"      , 0, NULL, 'l' },
 834         { "list-each" , 0, NULL, 'L' },
 835         { "no-summary", 0, NULL, 'N' },
 836         { "help"      , 0, NULL, 'h' },
 837         { NULL        , 0, NULL, 0 }
 838 };
 839
 840 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 841 {
 842         int c;
 843
 844         page_size = getpagesize();
 845
 846         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv,
 847                                 "rp:f:a:b:lLNh", opts, NULL)) != -1) {
 848                 switch (c) {
 849                 case 'r':
 850                         opt_raw = 1;
 851                         break;
 852                 case 'p':
 853                         parse_pid(optarg);
 854                         break;
 855                 case 'f':
 856                         parse_file(optarg);
 857                         break;
 858                 case 'a':
 859                         parse_addr_range(optarg);
 860                         break;
 861                 case 'b':
 862                         parse_bits_mask(optarg);
 863                         break;
 864                 case 'l':
 865                         opt_list = 1;
 866                         break;
 867                 case 'L':
 868                         opt_list = 2;
 869                         break;
 870                 case 'N':
 871                         opt_no_summary = 1;
 872                         break;
 873                 case 'h':
 874                         usage();
 875                         exit(0);
 876                 default:
 877                         usage();
 878                         exit(1);
 879                 }
 880         }
 881
 882         if (opt_list && opt_pid)
 883                 printf("voffset\t");
 884         if (opt_list == 1)
 885                 printf("offset\tlen\tflags\n");
 886         if (opt_list == 2)
 887                 printf("offset\tflags\n");
 888
 889         walk_addr_ranges();
 890
 891         if (opt_list == 1)
 892                 show_page_range(0, 0, 0);  /* drain the buffer */
 893
 894         if (opt_no_summary)
 895                 return 0;
 896
 897         if (opt_list)
 898                 printf("\n\n");
 899
 900         show_summary();
 901
 902         return 0;
 903 }