vfs: pagecache usage optimization for pagesize!=blocksize

When we read some part of a file through pagecache, if there is a
pagecache of corresponding index but this page is not uptodate, read IO
is issued and this page will be uptodate.

I think this is good for pagesize == blocksize environment but there is
room for improvement on pagesize != blocksize environment.  Because in
this case a page can have multiple buffers and even if a page is not
uptodate, some buffers can be uptodate.

So I suggest that when all buffers which correspond to a part of a file
that we want to read are uptodate, use this pagecache and copy data from
this pagecache to user buffer even if a page is not uptodate.  This can
reduce read IO and improve system throughput.

I wrote a benchmark program and got result number with this program.

This benchmark do:

  1: mount and open a test file.

  2: create a 512MB file.

  3: close a file and umount.

  4: mount and again open a test file.

  5: pwrite randomly 300000 times on a test file.  offset is aligned
     by IO size(1024bytes).

  6: measure time of preading randomly 100000 times on a test file.

The result was:
	2.6.26
        330 sec

	2.6.26-patched
        226 sec

Arch:i386
Filesystem:ext3
Blocksize:1024 bytes
Memory: 1GB

On ext3/4, a file is written through buffer/block.  So random read/write
mixed workloads or random read after random write workloads are optimized
with this patch under pagesize != blocksize environment.  This test result
showed this.

The benchmark program is as follows:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>

#define LEN 1024
#define LOOP 1024*512 /* 512MB */

main(void)
{
	unsigned long i, offset, filesize;
	int fd;
	char buf[LEN];
	time_t t1, t2;

	if (mount("/dev/sda1", "/root/test1/", "ext3", 0, 0) < 0) {
		perror("cannot mount\n");
		exit(1);
	}
	memset(buf, 0, LEN);
	fd = open("/root/test1/testfile", O_CREAT|O_RDWR|O_TRUNC);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("cannot open file\n");
		exit(1);
	}
	for (i = 0; i < LOOP; i++)
		write(fd, buf, LEN);
	close(fd);
	if (umount("/root/test1/") < 0) {
		perror("cannot umount\n");
		exit(1);
	}
	if (mount("/dev/sda1", "/root/test1/", "ext3", 0, 0) < 0) {
		perror("cannot mount\n");
		exit(1);
	}
	fd = open("/root/test1/testfile", O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("cannot open file\n");
		exit(1);
	}

	filesize = LEN * LOOP;
	for (i = 0; i < 300000; i++){
		offset = (random() % filesize) & (~(LEN - 1));
		pwrite(fd, buf, LEN, offset);
	}
	printf("start test\n");
	time(&t1);
	for (i = 0; i < 100000; i++){
		offset = (random() % filesize) & (~(LEN - 1));
		pread(fd, buf, LEN, offset);
	}
	time(&t2);
	printf("%ld sec\n", t2-t1);
	close(fd);
	if (umount("/root/test1/") < 0) {
		perror("cannot umount\n");
		exit(1);
	}
}

Signed-off-by: Hisashi Hifumi <hifumi.hisashi@oss.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@ucw.cz>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

diff --git a/fs/buffer.c b/fs/buffer.c
index f958050..ca12a6b 100644 (file)
--- a/fs/buffer.c
+++ b/fs/buffer.c
@@ -2096,6 +2096,52 @@ int generic_write_end(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_write_end);
 
 /*
+ * block_is_partially_uptodate checks whether buffers within a page are
+ * uptodate or not.
+ *
+ * Returns true if all buffers which correspond to a file portion
+ * we want to read are uptodate.
+ */
+int block_is_partially_uptodate(struct page *page, read_descriptor_t *desc,
+                                       unsigned long from)
+{
+       struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+       unsigned block_start, block_end, blocksize;
+       unsigned to;
+       struct buffer_head *bh, *head;
+       int ret = 1;
+
+       if (!page_has_buffers(page))
+               return 0;
+
+       blocksize = 1 << inode->i_blkbits;
+       to = min_t(unsigned, PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - from, desc->count);
+       to = from + to;
+       if (from < blocksize && to > PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - blocksize)
+               return 0;
+
+       head = page_buffers(page);
+       bh = head;
+       block_start = 0;
+       do {
+               block_end = block_start + blocksize;
+               if (block_end > from && block_start < to) {
+                       if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
+                               ret = 0;
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if (block_end >= to)
+                               break;
+               }
+               block_start = block_end;
+               bh = bh->b_this_page;
+       } while (bh != head);
+
+       return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(block_is_partially_uptodate);
+
+/*
  * Generic "read page" function for block devices that have the normal
  * get_block functionality. This is most of the block device filesystems.
  * Reads the page asynchronously --- the unlock_buffer() and

diff --git a/fs/ext2/inode.c b/fs/ext2/inode.c
index 384fc0d..991d6df 100644 (file)
--- a/fs/ext2/inode.c
+++ b/fs/ext2/inode.c
@@ -791,6 +791,7 @@ const struct address_space_operations ext2_aops = {
        .direct_IO              = ext2_direct_IO,
        .writepages             = ext2_writepages,
        .migratepage            = buffer_migrate_page,
+       .is_partially_uptodate  = block_is_partially_uptodate,
 };
 
 const struct address_space_operations ext2_aops_xip = {

diff --git a/fs/ext3/inode.c b/fs/ext3/inode.c
index 3bf07d7..507d868 100644 (file)
--- a/fs/ext3/inode.c
+++ b/fs/ext3/inode.c
@@ -1767,44 +1767,47 @@ static int ext3_journalled_set_page_dirty(struct page *page)
 }
 
 static const struct address_space_operations ext3_ordered_aops = {
-       .readpage       = ext3_readpage,
-       .readpages      = ext3_readpages,
-       .writepage      = ext3_ordered_writepage,
-       .sync_page      = block_sync_page,
-       .write_begin    = ext3_write_begin,
-       .write_end      = ext3_ordered_write_end,
-       .bmap           = ext3_bmap,
-       .invalidatepage = ext3_invalidatepage,
-       .releasepage    = ext3_releasepage,
-       .direct_IO      = ext3_direct_IO,
-       .migratepage    = buffer_migrate_page,
+       .readpage               = ext3_readpage,
+       .readpages              = ext3_readpages,
+       .writepage              = ext3_ordered_writepage,
+       .sync_page              = block_sync_page,
+       .write_begin            = ext3_write_begin,
+       .write_end              = ext3_ordered_write_end,
+       .bmap                   = ext3_bmap,
+       .invalidatepage         = ext3_invalidatepage,
+       .releasepage            = ext3_releasepage,
+       .direct_IO              = ext3_direct_IO,
+       .migratepage            = buffer_migrate_page,
+       .is_partially_uptodate  = block_is_partially_uptodate,
 };
 
 static const struct address_space_operations ext3_writeback_aops = {
-       .readpage       = ext3_readpage,
-       .readpages      = ext3_readpages,
-       .writepage      = ext3_writeback_writepage,
-       .sync_page      = block_sync_page,
-       .write_begin    = ext3_write_begin,
-       .write_end      = ext3_writeback_write_end,
-       .bmap           = ext3_bmap,
-       .invalidatepage = ext3_invalidatepage,
-       .releasepage    = ext3_releasepage,
-       .direct_IO      = ext3_direct_IO,
-       .migratepage    = buffer_migrate_page,
+       .readpage               = ext3_readpage,
+       .readpages              = ext3_readpages,
+       .writepage              = ext3_writeback_writepage,
+       .sync_page              = block_sync_page,
+       .write_begin            = ext3_write_begin,
+       .write_end              = ext3_writeback_write_end,
+       .bmap                   = ext3_bmap,
+       .invalidatepage         = ext3_invalidatepage,
+       .releasepage            = ext3_releasepage,
+       .direct_IO              = ext3_direct_IO,
+       .migratepage            = buffer_migrate_page,
+       .is_partially_uptodate  = block_is_partially_uptodate,
 };
 
 static const struct address_space_operations ext3_journalled_aops = {
-       .readpage       = ext3_readpage,
-       .readpages      = ext3_readpages,
-       .writepage      = ext3_journalled_writepage,
-       .sync_page      = block_sync_page,
-       .write_begin    = ext3_write_begin,
-       .write_end      = ext3_journalled_write_end,
-       .set_page_dirty = ext3_journalled_set_page_dirty,
-       .bmap           = ext3_bmap,
-       .invalidatepage = ext3_invalidatepage,
-       .releasepage    = ext3_releasepage,
+       .readpage               = ext3_readpage,
+       .readpages              = ext3_readpages,
+       .writepage              = ext3_journalled_writepage,
+       .sync_page              = block_sync_page,
+       .write_begin            = ext3_write_begin,
+       .write_end              = ext3_journalled_write_end,
+       .set_page_dirty         = ext3_journalled_set_page_dirty,
+       .bmap                   = ext3_bmap,
+       .invalidatepage         = ext3_invalidatepage,
+       .releasepage            = ext3_releasepage,
+       .is_partially_uptodate  = block_is_partially_uptodate,
 };
 
 void ext3_set_aops(struct inode *inode)

diff --git a/fs/ext4/inode.c b/fs/ext4/inode.c
index 8ca2763..9843b04 100644 (file)
--- a/fs/ext4/inode.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/inode.c
@@ -2806,59 +2806,63 @@ static int ext4_journalled_set_page_dirty(struct page *page)
 }
 
 static const struct address_space_operations ext4_ordered_aops = {
-       .readpage       = ext4_readpage,
-       .readpages      = ext4_readpages,
-       .writepage      = ext4_normal_writepage,
-       .sync_page      = block_sync_page,
-       .write_begin    = ext4_write_begin,
-       .write_end      = ext4_ordered_write_end,
-       .bmap           = ext4_bmap,
-       .invalidatepage = ext4_invalidatepage,
-       .releasepage    = ext4_releasepage,
-       .direct_IO      = ext4_direct_IO,
-       .migratepage    = buffer_migrate_page,
+       .readpage               = ext4_readpage,
+       .readpages              = ext4_readpages,
+       .writepage              = ext4_normal_writepage,
+       .sync_page              = block_sync_page,
+       .write_begin            = ext4_write_begin,
+       .write_end              = ext4_ordered_write_end,
+       .bmap                   = ext4_bmap,
+       .invalidatepage         = ext4_invalidatepage,
+       .releasepage            = ext4_releasepage,
+       .direct_IO              = ext4_direct_IO,
+       .migratepage            = buffer_migrate_page,
+       .is_partially_uptodate  = block_is_partially_uptodate,
 };
 
 static const struct address_space_operations ext4_writeback_aops = {
-       .readpage       = ext4_readpage,
-       .readpages      = ext4_readpages,
-       .writepage      = ext4_normal_writepage,
-       .sync_page      = block_sync_page,
-       .write_begin    = ext4_write_begin,
-       .write_end      = ext4_writeback_write_end,
-       .bmap           = ext4_bmap,
-       .invalidatepage = ext4_invalidatepage,
-       .releasepage    = ext4_releasepage,
-       .direct_IO      = ext4_direct_IO,
-       .migratepage    = buffer_migrate_page,
+       .readpage               = ext4_readpage,
+       .readpages              = ext4_readpages,
+       .writepage              = ext4_normal_writepage,
+       .sync_page              = block_sync_page,
+       .write_begin            = ext4_write_begin,
+       .write_end              = ext4_writeback_write_end,
+       .bmap                   = ext4_bmap,
+       .invalidatepage         = ext4_invalidatepage,
+       .releasepage            = ext4_releasepage,
+       .direct_IO              = ext4_direct_IO,
+       .migratepage            = buffer_migrate_page,
+       .is_partially_uptodate  = block_is_partially_uptodate,
 };
 
 static const struct address_space_operations ext4_journalled_aops = {
-       .readpage       = ext4_readpage,
-       .readpages      = ext4_readpages,
-       .writepage      = ext4_journalled_writepage,
-       .sync_page      = block_sync_page,
-       .write_begin    = ext4_write_begin,
-       .write_end      = ext4_journalled_write_end,
-       .set_page_dirty = ext4_journalled_set_page_dirty,
-       .bmap           = ext4_bmap,
-       .invalidatepage = ext4_invalidatepage,
-       .releasepage    = ext4_releasepage,
+       .readpage               = ext4_readpage,
+       .readpages              = ext4_readpages,
+       .writepage              = ext4_journalled_writepage,
+       .sync_page              = block_sync_page,
+       .write_begin            = ext4_write_begin,
+       .write_end              = ext4_journalled_write_end,
+       .set_page_dirty         = ext4_journalled_set_page_dirty,
+       .bmap                   = ext4_bmap,
+       .invalidatepage         = ext4_invalidatepage,
+       .releasepage            = ext4_releasepage,
+       .is_partially_uptodate  = block_is_partially_uptodate,
 };
 
 static const struct address_space_operations ext4_da_aops = {
-       .readpage       = ext4_readpage,
-       .readpages      = ext4_readpages,
-       .writepage      = ext4_da_writepage,
-       .writepages     = ext4_da_writepages,
-       .sync_page      = block_sync_page,
-       .write_begin    = ext4_da_write_begin,
-       .write_end      = ext4_da_write_end,
-       .bmap           = ext4_bmap,
-       .invalidatepage = ext4_da_invalidatepage,
-       .releasepage    = ext4_releasepage,
-       .direct_IO      = ext4_direct_IO,
-       .migratepage    = buffer_migrate_page,
+       .readpage               = ext4_readpage,
+       .readpages              = ext4_readpages,
+       .writepage              = ext4_da_writepage,
+       .writepages             = ext4_da_writepages,
+       .sync_page              = block_sync_page,
+       .write_begin            = ext4_da_write_begin,
+       .write_end              = ext4_da_write_end,
+       .bmap                   = ext4_bmap,
+       .invalidatepage         = ext4_da_invalidatepage,
+       .releasepage            = ext4_releasepage,
+       .direct_IO              = ext4_direct_IO,
+       .migratepage            = buffer_migrate_page,
+       .is_partially_uptodate  = block_is_partially_uptodate,
 };
 
 void ext4_set_aops(struct inode *inode)

diff --git a/include/linux/buffer_head.h b/include/linux/buffer_head.h
index 82aa36c..50cfe8c 100644 (file)
--- a/include/linux/buffer_head.h
+++ b/include/linux/buffer_head.h
@@ -205,6 +205,8 @@ void block_invalidatepage(struct page *page, unsigned long offset);
 int block_write_full_page(struct page *page, get_block_t *get_block,
                                struct writeback_control *wbc);
 int block_read_full_page(struct page*, get_block_t*);
+int block_is_partially_uptodate(struct page *page, read_descriptor_t *desc,
+                               unsigned long from);
 int block_write_begin(struct file *, struct address_space *,
                                loff_t, unsigned, unsigned,
                                struct page **, void **, get_block_t*);

diff --git a/include/linux/fs.h b/include/linux/fs.h
index 8252b04..580b513 100644 (file)
--- a/include/linux/fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/fs.h
@@ -443,6 +443,27 @@ static inline size_t iov_iter_count(struct iov_iter *i)
        return i->count;
 }
 
+/*
+ * "descriptor" for what we're up to with a read.
+ * This allows us to use the same read code yet
+ * have multiple different users of the data that
+ * we read from a file.
+ *
+ * The simplest case just copies the data to user
+ * mode.
+ */
+typedef struct {
+       size_t written;
+       size_t count;
+       union {
+               char __user *buf;
+               void *data;
+       } arg;
+       int error;
+} read_descriptor_t;
+
+typedef int (*read_actor_t)(read_descriptor_t *, struct page *,
+               unsigned long, unsigned long);
 
 struct address_space_operations {
        int (*writepage)(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc);
@@ -484,6 +505,8 @@ struct address_space_operations {
        int (*migratepage) (struct address_space *,
                        struct page *, struct page *);
        int (*launder_page) (struct page *);
+       int (*is_partially_uptodate) (struct page *, read_descriptor_t *,
+                                       unsigned long);
 };
 
 /*
@@ -1198,27 +1221,6 @@ struct block_device_operations {
        struct module *owner;
 };
 
-/*
- * "descriptor" for what we're up to with a read.
- * This allows us to use the same read code yet
- * have multiple different users of the data that
- * we read from a file.
- *
- * The simplest case just copies the data to user
- * mode.
- */
-typedef struct {
-       size_t written;
-       size_t count;
-       union {
-               char __user * buf;
-               void *data;
-       } arg;
-       int error;
-} read_descriptor_t;
-
-typedef int (*read_actor_t)(read_descriptor_t *, struct page *, unsigned long, unsigned long);
-
 /* These macros are for out of kernel modules to test that
  * the kernel supports the unlocked_ioctl and compat_ioctl
  * fields in struct file_operations. */

diff --git a/mm/filemap.c b/mm/filemap.c
index 5de7633..42bbc69 100644 (file)
--- a/mm/filemap.c
+++ b/mm/filemap.c
@@ -1023,8 +1023,17 @@ find_page:
                                        ra, filp, page,
                                        index, last_index - index);
                }
-               if (!PageUptodate(page))
-                       goto page_not_up_to_date;
+               if (!PageUptodate(page)) {
+                       if (inode->i_blkbits == PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT ||
+                                       !mapping->a_ops->is_partially_uptodate)
+                               goto page_not_up_to_date;
+                       if (TestSetPageLocked(page))
+                               goto page_not_up_to_date;
+                       if (!mapping->a_ops->is_partially_uptodate(page,
+                                                               desc, offset))
+                               goto page_not_up_to_date_locked;
+                       unlock_page(page);
+               }
 page_ok:
                /*
                 * i_size must be checked after we know the page is Uptodate.
@@ -1094,6 +1103,7 @@ page_not_up_to_date:
                if (lock_page_killable(page))
                        goto readpage_eio;
 
+page_not_up_to_date_locked:
                /* Did it get truncated before we got the lock? */
                if (!page->mapping) {
                        unlock_page(page);