2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
3 ==========================================
10 To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
11 primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
12 you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
14 Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
15 PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
17 If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
18 SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
19 (CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
21 To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
22 and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
23 too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
25 Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
26 (if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
33 This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
34 script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a
35 script named 'snddevices'.
41 The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
42 one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
43 specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
45 Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
50 The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
51 It takes the following options which have global effects.
53 major - major number for sound driver
56 - limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
58 - For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
59 option together with snd-card-X aliases.
60 slots - Reserve the slot index for the given driver.
61 This option takes multiple strings.
62 See "Module Autoloading Support" section for details.
63 debug - Specifies the debug message level
64 (0 = disable debug prints, 1 = normal debug messages,
65 2 = verbose debug messages)
66 This option appears only when CONFIG_SND_DEBUG=y.
67 This option can be dynamically changed via sysfs
68 /sys/modules/snd/parameters/debug file.
73 The PCM OSS emulation module.
74 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
76 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
78 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
81 - Don't block opening busy PCM devices. Default: 1
83 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
84 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
85 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
86 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
87 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
89 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
90 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
91 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
92 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
97 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
98 similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
100 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
102 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
105 Common parameters for top sound card modules
106 --------------------------------------------
108 Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
110 index - index (slot #) of sound card
111 - Values: 0 through 31 or negative
112 - If nonnegative, assign that index number
113 - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
114 indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
116 id - card ID (identifier or name)
117 - Can be up to 15 characters long
118 - Default: the card type
119 - A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
120 containing information about the card
121 - This ID can be used instead of the index number in
124 - Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
129 Module for AdLib FM cards.
131 port - port # for OPL chip
133 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
134 the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
135 Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
138 Make sure you have "sbiload" from the alsa-tools package available and,
139 after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
140 number through "sbiload -l". Example output:
142 Port Client name Port name
143 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port
145 Load the std.sb and drums.sb patches also supplied by sbiload:
147 sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
149 If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use std.o3 and drums.o3
150 instead. To have the card produce sound, use aplaymidi from alsa-utils:
152 aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
157 Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
159 clockfreq - Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
161 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
166 Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
168 port - port # for AD1848 chip
169 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
170 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
172 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe
173 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
175 The power-management is supported.
180 Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
182 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
183 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
185 This module supports multiple cards.
190 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
192 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
193 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O
196 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
198 The power-management is supported.
203 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
205 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
207 The power-management is supported.
212 Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
214 This module supports multiple cards.
216 The power-management is supported.
221 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
223 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
224 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
226 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
228 The power-management is supported.
233 Module for AudioScience ASI soundcards
235 enable_hpi_hwdep - enable HPI hwdep for AudioScience soundcard
237 This module supports multiple cards.
238 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
243 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
245 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
246 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
247 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
248 ac97_codec - Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec
249 instead of probing. If this works for you
250 file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
252 -1 -- Default behavior.
253 0-2 -- Use the specified codec.
254 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
256 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
258 ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is
259 over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The
260 implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
261 choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
263 The power-management is supported.
265 Module snd-atiixp-modem
266 -----------------------
268 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
270 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
272 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
275 The power-management is supported.
277 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
278 -----------------------------------------
280 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
282 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
283 0 = Disable all workarounds
284 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
285 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
286 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
287 3 = Force both settings
288 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
290 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
291 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
292 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
293 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
294 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
295 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
296 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
299 Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
300 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
301 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
306 Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
308 This module supports multiple cards.
313 Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
315 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
317 The power-management is supported.
322 Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
324 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
326 This module supports multiple cards.
331 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
333 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
334 load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
336 This module supports multiple cards.
338 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
344 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
346 This module supports multiple cards.
352 Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
354 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
356 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
358 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
359 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
360 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
361 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
362 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
363 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
364 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
365 fmport - (optional) OPL3 I/O port
366 mpuport - (optional) MPU401 I/O port
367 mpuirq - (optional) MPU401 irq #
369 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
371 The power-management is supported.
376 Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
378 mpu_port - port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
379 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
380 0 = disable (default)
381 fm_port - port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
383 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
385 soft_ac3 - Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
387 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
389 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
391 The power-management is supported.
396 Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
398 port - port # for CS4231 chip
399 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
400 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
401 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
402 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
403 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
405 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
406 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
408 The power-management is supported.
413 Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A,
414 CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
415 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
417 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
419 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
421 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
422 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
423 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
424 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
425 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
426 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
427 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
428 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
430 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
431 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
432 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
434 The power-management is supported.
436 This module is aliased as snd-cs4232 since it provides the old
437 snd-cs4232 functionality, too.
442 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
444 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
446 This module supports multiple cards.
448 The power-management is supported.
453 Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
454 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
456 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifier.
457 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
458 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
460 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
461 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
462 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
465 The power-management is supported.
470 Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
472 Module snd-cs5535audio
473 ----------------------
475 Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
477 The power-management is supported.
482 Module for Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi boards (20k1 / 20k2 chips)
483 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Champion Series
484 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Professional Series
485 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Professional Audio
486 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium
487 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Elite Pro
488 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Platinum
489 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Fatal1ty
490 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeGamer
491 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeMusic
493 reference_rate - reference sample rate, 44100 or 48000 (default)
494 multiple - multiple to ref. sample rate, 1 or 2 (default)
495 subsystem - override the PCI SSID for probing; the value
496 consists of SSVID << 16 | SSDID. The default is
497 zero, which means no override.
499 This module supports multiple cards.
504 Module for Echoaudio Darla20
506 This module supports multiple cards.
507 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
512 Module for Echoaudio Darla24
514 This module supports multiple cards.
515 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
520 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
523 This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with
526 The power-management is supported.
531 Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
532 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
533 requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
535 pcm_devs - Number of PCM devices assigned to each card
536 (default = 1, up to 4)
537 pcm_substreams - Number of PCM substreams assigned to each PCM
538 (default = 8, up to 128)
539 hrtimer - Use hrtimer (=1, default) or system timer (=0)
540 fake_buffer - Fake buffer allocations (default = 1)
542 When multiple PCM devices are created, snd-dummy gives different
543 behavior to each PCM device:
544 0 = interleaved with mmap support
545 1 = non-interleaved with mmap support
546 2 = interleaved without mmap
547 3 = non-interleaved without mmap
549 As default, snd-dummy drivers doesn't allocate the real buffers
550 but either ignores read/write or mmap a single dummy page to all
551 buffer pages, in order to save the resouces. If your apps need
552 the read/ written buffer data to be consistent, pass fake_buffer=0
555 The power-management is supported.
560 Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
562 This module supports multiple cards.
563 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
568 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
569 * Sound Blaster Live!
570 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
571 * Emu APS (partially supported)
572 * Sound Blaster Audigy
574 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
575 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
576 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
577 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
578 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
579 given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
580 enable_ir - enable IR
582 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
584 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
585 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
586 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
587 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
588 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
589 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
590 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
591 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
592 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
593 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
594 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
595 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
596 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
598 The power-management is supported.
603 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
605 This module supports multiple cards.
610 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
611 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
612 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
614 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
616 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
618 The power-management is supported.
623 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
624 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
625 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
626 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
628 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
629 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
631 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
633 The power-management is supported.
638 Module for sound cards based on ESS ES968 chip (PnP only).
640 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
642 The power-management is supported.
647 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
649 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
650 fm_port - port # for OPL3 (option; share the same port as default)
651 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
652 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
653 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
654 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
656 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
661 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
663 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
665 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
667 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
668 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
669 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
670 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
671 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
672 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
674 This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
675 port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
676 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
678 The power-management is supported.
683 Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
685 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
687 The power-management is supported.
692 Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
694 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
695 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
696 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
697 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
698 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
700 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
701 joystick - enable joystick (default off)
703 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
705 The power-management is supported.
710 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
712 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
713 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
714 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
715 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
716 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
717 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
719 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
721 The power-management is supported.
726 Module for Echoaudio Gina20
728 This module supports multiple cards.
729 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
734 Module for Echoaudio Gina24
736 This module supports multiple cards.
737 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
739 Module snd-gusclassic
740 ---------------------
742 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
744 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
745 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
746 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
747 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
748 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
749 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
750 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
752 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
754 Module snd-gusextreme
755 ---------------------
757 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
759 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
760 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
761 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
762 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
763 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
764 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
765 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
766 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
767 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
768 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
769 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
771 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
776 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
778 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
779 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
780 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
781 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
782 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
783 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
784 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
786 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
791 Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
793 ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
794 RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770,
798 [Multiple options for each card instance]
799 model - force the model name
800 position_fix - Fix DMA pointer (0 = auto, 1 = use LPIB, 2 = POSBUF)
801 probe_mask - Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots)
802 When the bit 8 (0x100) is set, the lower 8 bits are used
803 as the "fixed" codec slots; i.e. the driver probes the
804 slots regardless what hardware reports back
805 probe_only - Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
806 Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
807 bdl_pos_adj - Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
808 Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
809 value based on the controller chip.
810 patch - Specifies the early "patch" files to modify the HD-audio
811 setup before initializing the codecs. This option is
812 available only when CONFIG_SND_HDA_PATCH_LOADER=y is set.
813 See HD-Audio.txt for details.
814 beep_mode - Selects the beep registration mode (0=off, 1=on, 2=
815 dynamic registration via mute switch on/off); the default
816 value is set via CONFIG_SND_HDA_INPUT_BEEP_MODE kconfig.
818 [Single (global) options]
819 single_cmd - Use single immediate commands to communicate with
820 codecs (for debugging only)
821 enable_msi - Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
822 power_save - Automatic power-saving timeout (in second, 0 =
824 power_save_controller - Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode
827 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
829 See Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio.txt for more details about
832 Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
833 If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
834 configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to
835 specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
836 models depending on the codec chip. The list of available models
837 is found in HD-Audio-Models.txt
839 The model name "genric" is treated as a special case. When this
840 model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
841 "codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
843 If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
844 matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
845 output (with --no-upload option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
846 ML (see the section "Links and Addresses").
848 power_save and power_save_controller options are for power-saving
849 mode. See powersave.txt for details.
851 Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
852 position_fix=1 or 2. position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB
853 register value without FIFO size correction as the current
854 DMA pointer. position_fix=2 will make the driver to use
855 the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
856 (Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
859 NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at
860 loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
861 routing). Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi". Also, you
862 can try "single_cmd=1" module option. This will switch the
863 communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
864 single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
865 single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
866 unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
867 from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
868 avoided as much as possible...
870 MORE NOTES ON "azx_get_response timeout" PROBLEMS:
871 On some hardwares, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
872 to avoid the "azx_get_response timeout" problem above, instead.
873 This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
874 (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
875 bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
876 CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE, or simply from the file name of the codec
877 proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
878 For example, probe_mask=1 means to probe only the first slot, and
879 probe_mask=4 means only the third slot.
881 The power-management is supported.
886 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
888 This module supports multiple cards.
890 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
891 when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
892 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
894 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
896 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
897 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
898 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
899 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
900 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
906 Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
908 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer, or disable.
909 line_outs_monitor - Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
910 enable_monitor - Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
912 See hdspm.txt for details.
917 Module for the MediaTek/TempoTec HiFier Fantasia sound card.
919 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
924 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
925 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
926 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
927 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
928 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
929 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
930 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
931 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
937 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
938 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
939 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
940 * Event Electronics, EZ8
942 * Lionstracs, Mediastaton
945 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
946 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
947 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
948 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
949 phase88, mediastation
950 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
951 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver)
952 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
954 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
955 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
958 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
959 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
960 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
961 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
967 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
968 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
969 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
970 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
972 * TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
973 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
974 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
977 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
978 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
979 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
980 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
981 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
982 * AudioTrak Prodigy 192
984 * Albatron K8X800 Pro II
994 * Hercules Fortissimo IV
995 * EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
997 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
998 revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
999 prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
1000 juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
1001 phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
1002 fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M, maya44
1004 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1006 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1007 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
1008 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
1009 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1015 Module for Echoaudio Indigo
1017 This module supports multiple cards.
1018 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1023 Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
1025 This module supports multiple cards.
1026 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1031 Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
1033 This module supports multiple cards.
1034 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1039 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
1040 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1041 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, 6300ESB, ESB2
1042 * SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
1043 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804
1045 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
1048 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1049 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1050 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1051 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
1052 motherboards (default yes on nForce chips,
1054 buggy_semaphore - Enable workaround for hardwares with buggy
1055 semaphores (e.g. on some ASUS laptops)
1057 spdif_aclink - Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection
1058 from the controller chip
1059 (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
1061 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1063 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
1064 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
1065 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
1067 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
1068 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1069 modules, respectively.
1071 The power-management is supported.
1073 Module snd-intel8x0m
1074 --------------------
1076 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1077 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1079 * SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1080 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1084 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1086 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1088 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1091 The power-management is supported.
1093 Module snd-interwave
1094 --------------------
1096 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1097 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1099 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1100 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1101 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1102 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1104 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1106 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1108 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1109 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1110 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1111 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1113 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1115 Module snd-interwave-stb
1116 ------------------------
1118 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1119 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1120 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1122 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1123 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1124 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1125 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1127 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1129 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1131 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1132 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1133 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1134 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1135 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1137 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1142 Module for Media Vision Jazz16 chipset. The chipset consists of 3 chips:
1143 MVD1216 + MVA416 + MVA514.
1145 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1146 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (3,5,7,9,10,15)
1147 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1148 dma16 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (5,7)
1149 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1150 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (2,3,5,7)
1152 This module supports multiple cards.
1157 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1159 This module supports multiple cards.
1164 Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1166 This module supports multiple cards.
1167 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1172 Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1174 This module supports multiple cards.
1175 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1180 Module for Digigram LX6464ES boards
1182 This module supports multiple cards.
1187 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1189 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
1190 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
1191 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
1194 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1196 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1197 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1198 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
1199 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
1202 The power-management is supported.
1207 Module for Echoaudio Mia
1209 This module supports multiple cards.
1210 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1215 Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro,
1217 miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1219 port - Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1220 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1221 dma1 - 1st dma # (0,1,3)
1222 dma2 - 2nd dma # (0,1)
1223 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1224 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1225 fm_port - FM Port # (0x388)
1226 wss - enable WSS mode
1227 ide - enable onboard ide support
1232 Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1234 This module supports multiple cards.
1235 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1236 See MIXART.txt for details.
1238 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1239 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1240 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1241 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1242 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1247 Module for Echoaudio Mona
1249 This module supports multiple cards.
1250 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1255 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1257 port - port number or -1 (disable)
1258 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1259 pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1261 This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1263 Module snd-msnd-classic
1264 -----------------------
1266 Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or Monterey
1269 io - Port # for msnd-classic card
1270 irq - IRQ # for msnd-classic card
1271 mem - Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000,
1273 write_ndelay - enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1274 calibrate_signal - calibrate signal (default = 0)
1275 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1276 digital - Digital daughterboard present (default = 0)
1277 cfg - Config port (0x250, 0x260 or 0x270) default = PnP
1278 reset - Reset all devices
1279 mpu_io - MPU401 I/O port
1280 mpu_irq - MPU401 irq#
1281 ide_io0 - IDE port #0
1282 ide_io1 - IDE port #1
1284 joystick_io - Joystick I/O port
1286 The driver requires firmware files "turtlebeach/msndinit.bin" and
1287 "turtlebeach/msndperm.bin" in the proper firmware directory.
1289 See Documentation/sound/oss/MultiSound for important information
1290 about this driver. Note that it has been discontinued, but the
1291 Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available
1293 http://www.turtlebeach.com/site/kb_ftp/790.asp
1295 Module snd-msnd-pinnacle
1296 ------------------------
1298 Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji soundcards.
1300 io - Port # for pinnacle/fiji card
1301 irq - IRQ # for pinnalce/fiji card
1302 mem - Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000,
1304 write_ndelay - enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1305 calibrate_signal - calibrate signal (default = 0)
1306 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1308 The driver requires firmware files "turtlebeach/pndspini.bin" and
1309 "turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin" in the proper firmware directory.
1314 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1317 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1318 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1319 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1321 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
1326 Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1328 This module supports multiple devices.
1329 Requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT).
1334 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1336 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1337 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1338 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1339 buffer_top - specify buffer top address
1340 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1341 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1342 reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1343 reset_workaround2 - enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some
1346 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1348 The power-management is supported.
1350 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1351 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1352 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1353 the buffer_top option.
1355 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1356 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1357 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
1358 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
1359 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1362 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1363 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1364 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1365 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
1366 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
1367 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify isapnp=0
1368 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1370 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
1371 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1372 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
1373 hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
1375 Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1376 AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1377 turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the
1378 previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1380 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
1381 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1382 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1383 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
1384 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
1385 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1391 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1393 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1395 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1397 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1398 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1399 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1400 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1401 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1402 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1403 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1404 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1406 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support
1407 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1409 The power-management is supported.
1411 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1412 -------------------------
1414 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1415 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1417 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1419 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1421 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1422 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1423 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1424 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1425 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1426 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1428 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1430 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1431 -------------------------
1433 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1435 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1437 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1439 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1440 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1441 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1442 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1443 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1444 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1445 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1447 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1452 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1454 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1456 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1458 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1459 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1460 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1461 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1462 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1463 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1464 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1466 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1471 Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8788 chip:
1473 * AuzenTech X-Meridian
1475 * Club3D Theatron DTS
1476 * HT-Omega Claro (plus)
1477 * HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
1478 * Razer Barracuda AC-1
1481 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1486 Module for internal PC-Speaker.
1488 nopcm - Disable PC-Speaker PCM sound. Only beeps remain.
1489 nforce_wa - enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
1491 This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
1492 even a few mixer controls.
1497 Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1499 This module supports multiple cards.
1501 Module snd-portman2x4
1502 ---------------------
1504 Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1506 This module supports multiple cards.
1508 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1509 ---------------------------------
1511 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1513 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1515 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1517 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianess.
1519 The power-management is supported.
1521 Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1522 ------------------------------------
1524 Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1526 For ARM architecture only.
1528 The power-management is supported.
1533 Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1535 joystick_port - Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1536 mpu_port - MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1537 opl3_port - OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1539 This module supports multiple cards.
1540 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1541 You need to install the firmware file "riptide.hex" to the standard
1542 firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1547 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
1548 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1550 This module supports multiple cards.
1555 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1557 This module supports multiple cards.
1562 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1564 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
1567 This module supports multiple cards.
1569 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1570 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1571 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
1572 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1573 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1576 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1577 ---------------------------------------
1579 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1581 Module supports only one card.
1582 Module has no enable and index options.
1584 The power-management is supported.
1589 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
1593 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1594 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1595 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1597 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1599 The power-management is supported.
1601 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1602 -----------------------------
1604 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1605 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
1606 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1608 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1609 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1610 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1612 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1614 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1615 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1616 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
1617 (snd-sbawe module only)
1618 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1619 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1620 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1622 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1624 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1625 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1626 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1627 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1630 The power-management is supported.
1635 Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard and later models: SC-6600
1638 port - Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
1639 mss_port - MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
1640 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1641 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
1643 joystick - Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1645 This module supports multiple cards.
1647 This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
1652 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy sound card.
1654 sbport - Port # for SB16 interface (0x220,0x240)
1655 wssport - Port # for WSS interface (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1656 irq - IRQ # (7,9,10,11)
1659 This module supports multiple cards.
1661 The power-management is supported.
1666 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape cards.
1668 port - Port # (PnP setup)
1669 wss_port - WSS Port # (PnP setup)
1670 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
1671 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
1672 dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
1673 dma2 - 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
1674 joystick - Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1676 This module supports multiple cards.
1678 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1680 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
1681 --------------------------------------
1683 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1685 This module supports multiple cards.
1687 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
1688 -------------------------------------
1690 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1692 This module supports multiple cards.
1694 Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
1695 -----------------------------------
1697 Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
1699 This module supports multiple cards.
1701 Module snd-wavefront
1702 --------------------
1704 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
1706 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
1707 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
1708 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1710 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1712 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1713 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
1714 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
1715 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
1716 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
1717 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
1718 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
1719 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1720 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1722 The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
1723 wf_raw - Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no)
1724 If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
1725 ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
1726 fx_raw - Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes)
1727 If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
1728 when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the
1729 microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
1730 "default" operation, whatever that means.
1731 debug_default - Debug parameters for card initialization
1732 wait_usecs - How long to wait without sleeping, usecs
1734 This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
1735 based on my limited experimentation.
1736 If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
1737 my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
1738 to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
1739 without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
1741 Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
1742 waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
1743 sleep_interval - How long to sleep when waiting for reply
1745 sleep_tries - How many times to try sleeping during a wait
1747 ospath - Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware
1748 (default:wavefront.os)
1749 The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent
1750 version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
1751 must be installed in the proper path, typically,
1753 reset_time - How long to wait for a reset to take effect
1755 ramcheck_time - How many seconds to wait for the RAM test
1757 osrun_time - How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS
1760 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
1762 Note: the firmware file "wavefront.os" was located in the earlier
1763 version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
1764 must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
1765 Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
1766 regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
1768 Module snd-sonicvibes
1769 ---------------------
1771 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
1772 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
1774 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1775 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
1776 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1778 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1780 Module snd-serial-u16550
1781 ------------------------
1783 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
1785 port - port # for UART16550A chip
1786 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
1787 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
1789 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
1791 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1793 adaptor - Type of adaptor.
1794 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
1795 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
1797 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
1798 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
1803 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
1804 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
1806 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
1809 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
1810 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
1811 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
1812 * SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
1813 * Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
1815 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
1816 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
1818 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1820 The power-management is supported.
1825 Module for the Edirol UA-101/UA-1000 audio/MIDI interfaces.
1827 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1829 Module snd-usb-audio
1830 --------------------
1832 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
1834 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
1835 pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
1836 nrpacks - Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
1837 async_unlink - Use async unlink mode (default: yes)
1838 device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional)
1839 - Influence depends on the device
1841 ignore_ctl_error - Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer
1842 interface (default: no)
1844 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1846 NB: nrpacks parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
1847 Don't put the value over 20. Changing via sysfs has no sanity
1849 NB: async_unlink=0 would cause Oops. It remains just for
1850 debugging purpose (if any).
1851 NB: ignore_ctl_error=1 may help when you get an error at accessing
1852 the mixer element such as URB error -22. This happens on some
1853 buggy USB device or the controller.
1855 Module snd-usb-caiaq
1856 --------------------
1858 Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
1859 * Native Instruments RigKontrol2
1860 * Native Instruments Kore Controller
1861 * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
1862 * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
1864 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1866 Module snd-usb-usx2y
1867 --------------------
1869 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
1871 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1873 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
1874 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
1879 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
1880 8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
1882 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
1884 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
1885 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1886 dxs_support - support DXS channels,
1887 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
1888 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample
1889 rate and different sample rates on different
1891 [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
1892 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1893 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1895 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1897 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
1898 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
1899 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
1900 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
1901 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
1903 Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
1904 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
1905 streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
1906 can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
1908 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
1909 except for the known devices since the output is often
1910 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
1912 Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other
1913 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
1914 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
1916 If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=4; if it
1917 doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is
1918 usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented
1919 board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't
1920 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
1921 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
1922 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
1923 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
1924 subsystem vendor/device ids. See "Links and Addresses"
1927 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
1928 additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
1930 The power-management is supported.
1932 Module snd-via82xx-modem
1933 ------------------------
1935 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
1937 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1939 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1941 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1944 The power-management is supported.
1949 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
1950 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
1951 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
1953 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
1955 This module supports multiple cards.
1960 Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV100/AV200 chips,
1961 i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X, DS, HDAV1.3 (Deluxe), Essence ST
1962 (Deluxe) and Essence STX.
1964 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1969 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
1971 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
1972 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1974 This module supports multiple cards.
1976 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1977 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1978 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1979 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1980 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
1981 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.conf
1983 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
1985 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
1986 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
1987 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
1988 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
1989 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
1990 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
1991 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
1993 The power-management is supported.
1998 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
2000 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2002 This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when
2003 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
2005 With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
2006 manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the
2007 sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
2008 longer require a config file.
2010 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2011 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2012 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2013 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2014 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
2016 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
2018 Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
2021 The power-management is supported.
2026 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
2028 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
2029 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2030 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
2031 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2032 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
2034 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
2036 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
2038 The power-management is supported.
2040 Module snd-pdaudiocf
2041 --------------------
2043 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
2045 The power-management is supported.
2051 The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
2052 specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
2053 snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
2054 and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
2055 specifications from version to version :-)
2057 The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
2058 but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass
2059 the proper value with this option.
2061 The following strings are accepted:
2062 - default Don't override the default setting
2063 - none Disable the quirk
2064 - hp_only Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
2065 - swap_hp Swap headphone and master controls
2066 - swap_surround Swap master and surround controls
2067 - ad_sharing For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
2068 - alc_jack For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
2069 - inv_eapd Inverted EAPD implementation
2070 - mute_led Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
2072 For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0,
2073 ... are accepted, too.
2075 For example, if "Master" volume control has no effect on your device
2076 but only "Headphone" does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
2079 Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
2080 ============================
2082 When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
2083 supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
2084 If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
2085 For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
2086 together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
2088 When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
2089 will be not built in.
2092 Module Autoloading Support
2093 ==========================
2095 The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
2096 module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
2097 devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
2099 To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
2100 'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
2101 corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
2102 as the same card module.
2104 An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
2105 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2106 alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
2107 alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
2108 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2110 The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
2111 option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
2112 To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
2113 sound cards in that option.
2115 When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
2116 number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
2117 cards is kept consistent.
2119 An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
2121 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2123 options snd cards_limit=2
2124 alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
2125 alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
2126 options snd-interwave index=0
2127 options snd-ens1371 index=1
2129 alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
2130 alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
2131 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2133 In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
2134 (index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2136 Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
2137 "slots" option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the
2140 options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
2142 Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
2143 the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each
2144 driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
2145 the same time as long as they don't conflict).
2147 The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
2148 hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the
2149 case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any
2150 other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
2151 snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
2153 When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
2154 modules but that name. For example, "slots=!snd-pcsp" will reserve
2155 the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp.
2158 ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2159 =======================================
2161 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2162 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
2163 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
2164 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
2165 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
2166 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
2167 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
2168 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
2169 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
2171 The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
2172 sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
2173 have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2174 playback, respectively.
2176 Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2177 options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2180 Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2181 ==============================
2183 /proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2184 -------------------------------
2185 String "erase" - erase all additional informations about OSS applications
2186 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
2188 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2189 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
2190 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2191 <options> - optional parameters
2192 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
2193 this channel but does not want to use it.
2194 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2195 It's good for Quake etc...
2196 - direct don't use plugins
2197 - block force block mode (rvplayer)
2198 - non-block force non-block mode
2199 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2201 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2202 - buggy-ptr Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2203 instead of filled blocks
2205 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2206 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2207 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2210 Early Buffer Allocation
2211 =======================
2213 Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2214 sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2215 actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the
2216 PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2217 proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2218 /etc/init.d/*.local scripts.
2220 Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2221 usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following
2222 commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2224 - add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2226 VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take
2227 integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2228 MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted.
2229 SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass
2230 k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB.
2231 BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater
2232 than 0. The max number is 4.
2236 This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2243 ALSA project homepage
2244 http://www.alsa-project.org
2247 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
2250 mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
2253 http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh
git://ftp.safe.ca / safe / jmp / linux-2.6 / blob