+ * Pointer to the request at the top of @q if available. Null
+ * otherwise.
+ *
+ * Context:
+ * queue_lock must be held.
+ */
+struct request *blk_peek_request(struct request_queue *q)
+{
+ struct request *rq;
+ int ret;
+
+ while ((rq = __elv_next_request(q)) != NULL) {
+ if (!(rq->cmd_flags & REQ_STARTED)) {
+ /*
+ * This is the first time the device driver
+ * sees this request (possibly after
+ * requeueing). Notify IO scheduler.
+ */
+ if (blk_sorted_rq(rq))
+ elv_activate_rq(q, rq);
+
+ /*
+ * just mark as started even if we don't start
+ * it, a request that has been delayed should
+ * not be passed by new incoming requests
+ */
+ rq->cmd_flags |= REQ_STARTED;
+ trace_block_rq_issue(q, rq);
+ }
+
+ if (!q->boundary_rq || q->boundary_rq == rq) {
+ q->end_sector = rq_end_sector(rq);
+ q->boundary_rq = NULL;
+ }
+
+ if (rq->cmd_flags & REQ_DONTPREP)
+ break;
+
+ if (q->dma_drain_size && blk_rq_bytes(rq)) {
+ /*
+ * make sure space for the drain appears we
+ * know we can do this because max_hw_segments
+ * has been adjusted to be one fewer than the
+ * device can handle
+ */
+ rq->nr_phys_segments++;
+ }
+
+ if (!q->prep_rq_fn)
+ break;
+
+ ret = q->prep_rq_fn(q, rq);
+ if (ret == BLKPREP_OK) {
+ break;
+ } else if (ret == BLKPREP_DEFER) {
+ /*
+ * the request may have been (partially) prepped.
+ * we need to keep this request in the front to
+ * avoid resource deadlock. REQ_STARTED will
+ * prevent other fs requests from passing this one.
+ */
+ if (q->dma_drain_size && blk_rq_bytes(rq) &&
+ !(rq->cmd_flags & REQ_DONTPREP)) {
+ /*
+ * remove the space for the drain we added
+ * so that we don't add it again
+ */
+ --rq->nr_phys_segments;
+ }
+
+ rq = NULL;
+ break;
+ } else if (ret == BLKPREP_KILL) {
+ rq->cmd_flags |= REQ_QUIET;
+ __blk_end_request_all(rq, -EIO);
+ } else {
+ printk(KERN_ERR "%s: bad return=%d\n", __func__, ret);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return rq;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_peek_request);
+
+void blk_dequeue_request(struct request *rq)
+{
+ struct request_queue *q = rq->q;
+
+ BUG_ON(list_empty(&rq->queuelist));
+ BUG_ON(ELV_ON_HASH(rq));
+
+ list_del_init(&rq->queuelist);
+
+ /*
+ * the time frame between a request being removed from the lists
+ * and to it is freed is accounted as io that is in progress at
+ * the driver side.
+ */
+ if (blk_account_rq(rq))
+ q->in_flight[rq_is_sync(rq)]++;
+}
+
+/**
+ * blk_start_request - start request processing on the driver
+ * @req: request to dequeue
+ *
+ * Description:
+ * Dequeue @req and start timeout timer on it. This hands off the
+ * request to the driver.
+ *
+ * Block internal functions which don't want to start timer should
+ * call blk_dequeue_request().
+ *
+ * Context:
+ * queue_lock must be held.
+ */
+void blk_start_request(struct request *req)
+{
+ blk_dequeue_request(req);
+
+ /*
+ * We are now handing the request to the hardware, initialize
+ * resid_len to full count and add the timeout handler.
+ */
+ req->resid_len = blk_rq_bytes(req);
+ blk_add_timer(req);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_start_request);
+
+/**
+ * blk_fetch_request - fetch a request from a request queue
+ * @q: request queue to fetch a request from
+ *
+ * Description:
+ * Return the request at the top of @q. The request is started on
+ * return and LLD can start processing it immediately.
+ *
+ * Return:
+ * Pointer to the request at the top of @q if available. Null
+ * otherwise.
+ *
+ * Context:
+ * queue_lock must be held.
+ */
+struct request *blk_fetch_request(struct request_queue *q)
+{
+ struct request *rq;
+
+ rq = blk_peek_request(q);
+ if (rq)
+ blk_start_request(rq);
+ return rq;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_fetch_request);
+
+/**
+ * blk_update_request - Special helper function for request stacking drivers
+ * @rq: the request being processed
+ * @error: %0 for success, < %0 for error
+ * @nr_bytes: number of bytes to complete @rq
+ *
+ * Description:
+ * Ends I/O on a number of bytes attached to @rq, but doesn't complete
+ * the request structure even if @rq doesn't have leftover.
+ * If @rq has leftover, sets it up for the next range of segments.
+ *
+ * This special helper function is only for request stacking drivers
+ * (e.g. request-based dm) so that they can handle partial completion.
+ * Actual device drivers should use blk_end_request instead.
+ *
+ * Passing the result of blk_rq_bytes() as @nr_bytes guarantees
+ * %false return from this function.
+ *
+ * Return:
+ * %false - this request doesn't have any more data
+ * %true - this request has more data