Merge branch 'for-2.6.26' into for-next
[safe/jmp/linux-2.6] / net / mac80211 / rc80211_pid_algo.c
1 /*
2  * Copyright 2002-2005, Instant802 Networks, Inc.
3  * Copyright 2005, Devicescape Software, Inc.
4  * Copyright 2007, Mattias Nissler <mattias.nissler@gmx.de>
5  * Copyright 2007-2008, Stefano Brivio <stefano.brivio@polimi.it>
6  *
7  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
9  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
10  */
11
12 #include <linux/netdevice.h>
13 #include <linux/types.h>
14 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
15 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
16 #include <net/mac80211.h>
17 #include "rate.h"
18 #include "mesh.h"
19 #include "rc80211_pid.h"
20
21
22 /* This is an implementation of a TX rate control algorithm that uses a PID
23  * controller. Given a target failed frames rate, the controller decides about
24  * TX rate changes to meet the target failed frames rate.
25  *
26  * The controller basically computes the following:
27  *
28  * adj = CP * err + CI * err_avg + CD * (err - last_err) * (1 + sharpening)
29  *
30  * where
31  *      adj     adjustment value that is used to switch TX rate (see below)
32  *      err     current error: target vs. current failed frames percentage
33  *      last_err        last error
34  *      err_avg average (i.e. poor man's integral) of recent errors
35  *      sharpening      non-zero when fast response is needed (i.e. right after
36  *                      association or no frames sent for a long time), heading
37  *                      to zero over time
38  *      CP      Proportional coefficient
39  *      CI      Integral coefficient
40  *      CD      Derivative coefficient
41  *
42  * CP, CI, CD are subject to careful tuning.
43  *
44  * The integral component uses a exponential moving average approach instead of
45  * an actual sliding window. The advantage is that we don't need to keep an
46  * array of the last N error values and computation is easier.
47  *
48  * Once we have the adj value, we map it to a rate by means of a learning
49  * algorithm. This algorithm keeps the state of the percentual failed frames
50  * difference between rates. The behaviour of the lowest available rate is kept
51  * as a reference value, and every time we switch between two rates, we compute
52  * the difference between the failed frames each rate exhibited. By doing so,
53  * we compare behaviours which different rates exhibited in adjacent timeslices,
54  * thus the comparison is minimally affected by external conditions. This
55  * difference gets propagated to the whole set of measurements, so that the
56  * reference is always the same. Periodically, we normalize this set so that
57  * recent events weigh the most. By comparing the adj value with this set, we
58  * avoid pejorative switches to lower rates and allow for switches to higher
59  * rates if they behaved well.
60  *
61  * Note that for the computations we use a fixed-point representation to avoid
62  * floating point arithmetic. Hence, all values are shifted left by
63  * RC_PID_ARITH_SHIFT.
64  */
65
66
67 /* Adjust the rate while ensuring that we won't switch to a lower rate if it
68  * exhibited a worse failed frames behaviour and we'll choose the highest rate
69  * whose failed frames behaviour is not worse than the one of the original rate
70  * target. While at it, check that the new rate is valid. */
71 static void rate_control_pid_adjust_rate(struct ieee80211_local *local,
72                                          struct sta_info *sta, int adj,
73                                          struct rc_pid_rateinfo *rinfo)
74 {
75         struct ieee80211_sub_if_data *sdata;
76         struct ieee80211_supported_band *sband;
77         int cur_sorted, new_sorted, probe, tmp, n_bitrates, band;
78         int cur = sta->txrate_idx;
79
80         sdata = sta->sdata;
81         sband = local->hw.wiphy->bands[local->hw.conf.channel->band];
82         band = sband->band;
83         n_bitrates = sband->n_bitrates;
84
85         /* Map passed arguments to sorted values. */
86         cur_sorted = rinfo[cur].rev_index;
87         new_sorted = cur_sorted + adj;
88
89         /* Check limits. */
90         if (new_sorted < 0)
91                 new_sorted = rinfo[0].rev_index;
92         else if (new_sorted >= n_bitrates)
93                 new_sorted = rinfo[n_bitrates - 1].rev_index;
94
95         tmp = new_sorted;
96
97         if (adj < 0) {
98                 /* Ensure that the rate decrease isn't disadvantageous. */
99                 for (probe = cur_sorted; probe >= new_sorted; probe--)
100                         if (rinfo[probe].diff <= rinfo[cur_sorted].diff &&
101                             rate_supported(sta, band, rinfo[probe].index))
102                                 tmp = probe;
103         } else {
104                 /* Look for rate increase with zero (or below) cost. */
105                 for (probe = new_sorted + 1; probe < n_bitrates; probe++)
106                         if (rinfo[probe].diff <= rinfo[new_sorted].diff &&
107                             rate_supported(sta, band, rinfo[probe].index))
108                                 tmp = probe;
109         }
110
111         /* Fit the rate found to the nearest supported rate. */
112         do {
113                 if (rate_supported(sta, band, rinfo[tmp].index)) {
114                         sta->txrate_idx = rinfo[tmp].index;
115                         break;
116                 }
117                 if (adj < 0)
118                         tmp--;
119                 else
120                         tmp++;
121         } while (tmp < n_bitrates && tmp >= 0);
122
123 #ifdef CONFIG_MAC80211_DEBUGFS
124         rate_control_pid_event_rate_change(
125                 &((struct rc_pid_sta_info *)sta->rate_ctrl_priv)->events,
126                 sta->txrate_idx, sband->bitrates[sta->txrate_idx].bitrate);
127 #endif
128 }
129
130 /* Normalize the failed frames per-rate differences. */
131 static void rate_control_pid_normalize(struct rc_pid_info *pinfo, int l)
132 {
133         int i, norm_offset = pinfo->norm_offset;
134         struct rc_pid_rateinfo *r = pinfo->rinfo;
135
136         if (r[0].diff > norm_offset)
137                 r[0].diff -= norm_offset;
138         else if (r[0].diff < -norm_offset)
139                 r[0].diff += norm_offset;
140         for (i = 0; i < l - 1; i++)
141                 if (r[i + 1].diff > r[i].diff + norm_offset)
142                         r[i + 1].diff -= norm_offset;
143                 else if (r[i + 1].diff <= r[i].diff)
144                         r[i + 1].diff += norm_offset;
145 }
146
147 static void rate_control_pid_sample(struct rc_pid_info *pinfo,
148                                     struct ieee80211_local *local,
149                                     struct sta_info *sta)
150 {
151 #ifdef CONFIG_MAC80211_MESH
152         struct ieee80211_sub_if_data *sdata = sta->sdata;
153 #endif
154         struct rc_pid_sta_info *spinfo = sta->rate_ctrl_priv;
155         struct rc_pid_rateinfo *rinfo = pinfo->rinfo;
156         struct ieee80211_supported_band *sband;
157         u32 pf;
158         s32 err_avg;
159         u32 err_prop;
160         u32 err_int;
161         u32 err_der;
162         int adj, i, j, tmp;
163         unsigned long period;
164
165         sband = local->hw.wiphy->bands[local->hw.conf.channel->band];
166         spinfo = sta->rate_ctrl_priv;
167
168         /* In case nothing happened during the previous control interval, turn
169          * the sharpening factor on. */
170         period = (HZ * pinfo->sampling_period + 500) / 1000;
171         if (!period)
172                 period = 1;
173         if (jiffies - spinfo->last_sample > 2 * period)
174                 spinfo->sharp_cnt = pinfo->sharpen_duration;
175
176         spinfo->last_sample = jiffies;
177
178         /* This should never happen, but in case, we assume the old sample is
179          * still a good measurement and copy it. */
180         if (unlikely(spinfo->tx_num_xmit == 0))
181                 pf = spinfo->last_pf;
182         else {
183                 pf = spinfo->tx_num_failed * 100 / spinfo->tx_num_xmit;
184 #ifdef CONFIG_MAC80211_MESH
185                 if (pf == 100 &&
186                     sdata->vif.type == IEEE80211_IF_TYPE_MESH_POINT)
187                         mesh_plink_broken(sta);
188 #endif
189                 pf <<= RC_PID_ARITH_SHIFT;
190                 sta->fail_avg = ((pf + (spinfo->last_pf << 3)) / 9)
191                                         >> RC_PID_ARITH_SHIFT;
192         }
193
194         spinfo->tx_num_xmit = 0;
195         spinfo->tx_num_failed = 0;
196
197         /* If we just switched rate, update the rate behaviour info. */
198         if (pinfo->oldrate != sta->txrate_idx) {
199
200                 i = rinfo[pinfo->oldrate].rev_index;
201                 j = rinfo[sta->txrate_idx].rev_index;
202
203                 tmp = (pf - spinfo->last_pf);
204                 tmp = RC_PID_DO_ARITH_RIGHT_SHIFT(tmp, RC_PID_ARITH_SHIFT);
205
206                 rinfo[j].diff = rinfo[i].diff + tmp;
207                 pinfo->oldrate = sta->txrate_idx;
208         }
209         rate_control_pid_normalize(pinfo, sband->n_bitrates);
210
211         /* Compute the proportional, integral and derivative errors. */
212         err_prop = (pinfo->target << RC_PID_ARITH_SHIFT) - pf;
213
214         err_avg = spinfo->err_avg_sc >> pinfo->smoothing_shift;
215         spinfo->err_avg_sc = spinfo->err_avg_sc - err_avg + err_prop;
216         err_int = spinfo->err_avg_sc >> pinfo->smoothing_shift;
217
218         err_der = (pf - spinfo->last_pf) *
219                   (1 + pinfo->sharpen_factor * spinfo->sharp_cnt);
220         spinfo->last_pf = pf;
221         if (spinfo->sharp_cnt)
222                         spinfo->sharp_cnt--;
223
224 #ifdef CONFIG_MAC80211_DEBUGFS
225         rate_control_pid_event_pf_sample(&spinfo->events, pf, err_prop, err_int,
226                                          err_der);
227 #endif
228
229         /* Compute the controller output. */
230         adj = (err_prop * pinfo->coeff_p + err_int * pinfo->coeff_i
231               + err_der * pinfo->coeff_d);
232         adj = RC_PID_DO_ARITH_RIGHT_SHIFT(adj, 2 * RC_PID_ARITH_SHIFT);
233
234         /* Change rate. */
235         if (adj)
236                 rate_control_pid_adjust_rate(local, sta, adj, rinfo);
237 }
238
239 static void rate_control_pid_tx_status(void *priv, struct net_device *dev,
240                                        struct sk_buff *skb,
241                                        struct ieee80211_tx_status *status)
242 {
243         struct ieee80211_local *local = wdev_priv(dev->ieee80211_ptr);
244         struct ieee80211_hdr *hdr = (struct ieee80211_hdr *) skb->data;
245         struct ieee80211_sub_if_data *sdata;
246         struct rc_pid_info *pinfo = priv;
247         struct sta_info *sta;
248         struct rc_pid_sta_info *spinfo;
249         unsigned long period;
250         struct ieee80211_supported_band *sband;
251
252         rcu_read_lock();
253
254         sta = sta_info_get(local, hdr->addr1);
255         sband = local->hw.wiphy->bands[local->hw.conf.channel->band];
256
257         if (!sta)
258                 goto unlock;
259
260         /* Don't update the state if we're not controlling the rate. */
261         sdata = sta->sdata;
262         if (sdata->bss && sdata->bss->force_unicast_rateidx > -1) {
263                 sta->txrate_idx = sdata->bss->max_ratectrl_rateidx;
264                 goto unlock;
265         }
266
267         /* Ignore all frames that were sent with a different rate than the rate
268          * we currently advise mac80211 to use. */
269         if (status->control.tx_rate != &sband->bitrates[sta->txrate_idx])
270                 goto unlock;
271
272         spinfo = sta->rate_ctrl_priv;
273         spinfo->tx_num_xmit++;
274
275 #ifdef CONFIG_MAC80211_DEBUGFS
276         rate_control_pid_event_tx_status(&spinfo->events, status);
277 #endif
278
279         /* We count frames that totally failed to be transmitted as two bad
280          * frames, those that made it out but had some retries as one good and
281          * one bad frame. */
282         if (status->excessive_retries) {
283                 spinfo->tx_num_failed += 2;
284                 spinfo->tx_num_xmit++;
285         } else if (status->retry_count) {
286                 spinfo->tx_num_failed++;
287                 spinfo->tx_num_xmit++;
288         }
289
290         if (status->excessive_retries) {
291                 sta->tx_retry_failed++;
292                 sta->tx_num_consecutive_failures++;
293                 sta->tx_num_mpdu_fail++;
294         } else {
295                 sta->tx_num_consecutive_failures = 0;
296                 sta->tx_num_mpdu_ok++;
297         }
298         sta->tx_retry_count += status->retry_count;
299         sta->tx_num_mpdu_fail += status->retry_count;
300
301         /* Update PID controller state. */
302         period = (HZ * pinfo->sampling_period + 500) / 1000;
303         if (!period)
304                 period = 1;
305         if (time_after(jiffies, spinfo->last_sample + period))
306                 rate_control_pid_sample(pinfo, local, sta);
307
308  unlock:
309         rcu_read_unlock();
310 }
311
312 static void rate_control_pid_get_rate(void *priv, struct net_device *dev,
313                                       struct ieee80211_supported_band *sband,
314                                       struct sk_buff *skb,
315                                       struct rate_selection *sel)
316 {
317         struct ieee80211_local *local = wdev_priv(dev->ieee80211_ptr);
318         struct ieee80211_hdr *hdr = (struct ieee80211_hdr *) skb->data;
319         struct ieee80211_sub_if_data *sdata;
320         struct sta_info *sta;
321         int rateidx;
322         u16 fc;
323
324         rcu_read_lock();
325
326         sta = sta_info_get(local, hdr->addr1);
327
328         /* Send management frames and broadcast/multicast data using lowest
329          * rate. */
330         fc = le16_to_cpu(hdr->frame_control);
331         if ((fc & IEEE80211_FCTL_FTYPE) != IEEE80211_FTYPE_DATA ||
332             is_multicast_ether_addr(hdr->addr1) || !sta) {
333                 sel->rate = rate_lowest(local, sband, sta);
334                 rcu_read_unlock();
335                 return;
336         }
337
338         /* If a forced rate is in effect, select it. */
339         sdata = IEEE80211_DEV_TO_SUB_IF(dev);
340         if (sdata->bss && sdata->bss->force_unicast_rateidx > -1)
341                 sta->txrate_idx = sdata->bss->force_unicast_rateidx;
342
343         rateidx = sta->txrate_idx;
344
345         if (rateidx >= sband->n_bitrates)
346                 rateidx = sband->n_bitrates - 1;
347
348         sta->last_txrate_idx = rateidx;
349
350         rcu_read_unlock();
351
352         sel->rate = &sband->bitrates[rateidx];
353
354 #ifdef CONFIG_MAC80211_DEBUGFS
355         rate_control_pid_event_tx_rate(
356                 &((struct rc_pid_sta_info *) sta->rate_ctrl_priv)->events,
357                 rateidx, sband->bitrates[rateidx].bitrate);
358 #endif
359 }
360
361 static void rate_control_pid_rate_init(void *priv, void *priv_sta,
362                                           struct ieee80211_local *local,
363                                           struct sta_info *sta)
364 {
365         /* TODO: This routine should consider using RSSI from previous packets
366          * as we need to have IEEE 802.1X auth succeed immediately after assoc..
367          * Until that method is implemented, we will use the lowest supported
368          * rate as a workaround. */
369         struct ieee80211_supported_band *sband;
370
371         sband = local->hw.wiphy->bands[local->hw.conf.channel->band];
372         sta->txrate_idx = rate_lowest_index(local, sband, sta);
373         sta->fail_avg = 0;
374 }
375
376 static void *rate_control_pid_alloc(struct ieee80211_local *local)
377 {
378         struct rc_pid_info *pinfo;
379         struct rc_pid_rateinfo *rinfo;
380         struct ieee80211_supported_band *sband;
381         int i, j, tmp;
382         bool s;
383 #ifdef CONFIG_MAC80211_DEBUGFS
384         struct rc_pid_debugfs_entries *de;
385 #endif
386
387         sband = local->hw.wiphy->bands[local->hw.conf.channel->band];
388
389         pinfo = kmalloc(sizeof(*pinfo), GFP_ATOMIC);
390         if (!pinfo)
391                 return NULL;
392
393         /* We can safely assume that sband won't change unless we get
394          * reinitialized. */
395         rinfo = kmalloc(sizeof(*rinfo) * sband->n_bitrates, GFP_ATOMIC);
396         if (!rinfo) {
397                 kfree(pinfo);
398                 return NULL;
399         }
400
401         /* Sort the rates. This is optimized for the most common case (i.e.
402          * almost-sorted CCK+OFDM rates). Kind of bubble-sort with reversed
403          * mapping too. */
404         for (i = 0; i < sband->n_bitrates; i++) {
405                 rinfo[i].index = i;
406                 rinfo[i].rev_index = i;
407                 if (pinfo->fast_start)
408                         rinfo[i].diff = 0;
409                 else
410                         rinfo[i].diff = i * pinfo->norm_offset;
411         }
412         for (i = 1; i < sband->n_bitrates; i++) {
413                 s = 0;
414                 for (j = 0; j < sband->n_bitrates - i; j++)
415                         if (unlikely(sband->bitrates[rinfo[j].index].bitrate >
416                                      sband->bitrates[rinfo[j + 1].index].bitrate)) {
417                                 tmp = rinfo[j].index;
418                                 rinfo[j].index = rinfo[j + 1].index;
419                                 rinfo[j + 1].index = tmp;
420                                 rinfo[rinfo[j].index].rev_index = j;
421                                 rinfo[rinfo[j + 1].index].rev_index = j + 1;
422                                 s = 1;
423                         }
424                 if (!s)
425                         break;
426         }
427
428         pinfo->target = RC_PID_TARGET_PF;
429         pinfo->sampling_period = RC_PID_INTERVAL;
430         pinfo->coeff_p = RC_PID_COEFF_P;
431         pinfo->coeff_i = RC_PID_COEFF_I;
432         pinfo->coeff_d = RC_PID_COEFF_D;
433         pinfo->smoothing_shift = RC_PID_SMOOTHING_SHIFT;
434         pinfo->sharpen_factor = RC_PID_SHARPENING_FACTOR;
435         pinfo->sharpen_duration = RC_PID_SHARPENING_DURATION;
436         pinfo->norm_offset = RC_PID_NORM_OFFSET;
437         pinfo->fast_start = RC_PID_FAST_START;
438         pinfo->rinfo = rinfo;
439         pinfo->oldrate = 0;
440
441 #ifdef CONFIG_MAC80211_DEBUGFS
442         de = &pinfo->dentries;
443         de->dir = debugfs_create_dir("rc80211_pid",
444                                      local->hw.wiphy->debugfsdir);
445         de->target = debugfs_create_u32("target_pf", S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR,
446                                         de->dir, &pinfo->target);
447         de->sampling_period = debugfs_create_u32("sampling_period",
448                                                  S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, de->dir,
449                                                  &pinfo->sampling_period);
450         de->coeff_p = debugfs_create_u32("coeff_p", S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR,
451                                          de->dir, &pinfo->coeff_p);
452         de->coeff_i = debugfs_create_u32("coeff_i", S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR,
453                                          de->dir, &pinfo->coeff_i);
454         de->coeff_d = debugfs_create_u32("coeff_d", S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR,
455                                          de->dir, &pinfo->coeff_d);
456         de->smoothing_shift = debugfs_create_u32("smoothing_shift",
457                                                  S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, de->dir,
458                                                  &pinfo->smoothing_shift);
459         de->sharpen_factor = debugfs_create_u32("sharpen_factor",
460                                                S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, de->dir,
461                                                &pinfo->sharpen_factor);
462         de->sharpen_duration = debugfs_create_u32("sharpen_duration",
463                                                   S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, de->dir,
464                                                   &pinfo->sharpen_duration);
465         de->norm_offset = debugfs_create_u32("norm_offset",
466                                              S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, de->dir,
467                                              &pinfo->norm_offset);
468         de->fast_start = debugfs_create_bool("fast_start",
469                                              S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, de->dir,
470                                              &pinfo->fast_start);
471 #endif
472
473         return pinfo;
474 }
475
476 static void rate_control_pid_free(void *priv)
477 {
478         struct rc_pid_info *pinfo = priv;
479 #ifdef CONFIG_MAC80211_DEBUGFS
480         struct rc_pid_debugfs_entries *de = &pinfo->dentries;
481
482         debugfs_remove(de->fast_start);
483         debugfs_remove(de->norm_offset);
484         debugfs_remove(de->sharpen_duration);
485         debugfs_remove(de->sharpen_factor);
486         debugfs_remove(de->smoothing_shift);
487         debugfs_remove(de->coeff_d);
488         debugfs_remove(de->coeff_i);
489         debugfs_remove(de->coeff_p);
490         debugfs_remove(de->sampling_period);
491         debugfs_remove(de->target);
492         debugfs_remove(de->dir);
493 #endif
494
495         kfree(pinfo->rinfo);
496         kfree(pinfo);
497 }
498
499 static void rate_control_pid_clear(void *priv)
500 {
501 }
502
503 static void *rate_control_pid_alloc_sta(void *priv, gfp_t gfp)
504 {
505         struct rc_pid_sta_info *spinfo;
506
507         spinfo = kzalloc(sizeof(*spinfo), gfp);
508         if (spinfo == NULL)
509                 return NULL;
510
511         spinfo->last_sample = jiffies;
512
513 #ifdef CONFIG_MAC80211_DEBUGFS
514         spin_lock_init(&spinfo->events.lock);
515         init_waitqueue_head(&spinfo->events.waitqueue);
516 #endif
517
518         return spinfo;
519 }
520
521 static void rate_control_pid_free_sta(void *priv, void *priv_sta)
522 {
523         struct rc_pid_sta_info *spinfo = priv_sta;
524         kfree(spinfo);
525 }
526
527 static struct rate_control_ops mac80211_rcpid = {
528         .name = "pid",
529         .tx_status = rate_control_pid_tx_status,
530         .get_rate = rate_control_pid_get_rate,
531         .rate_init = rate_control_pid_rate_init,
532         .clear = rate_control_pid_clear,
533         .alloc = rate_control_pid_alloc,
534         .free = rate_control_pid_free,
535         .alloc_sta = rate_control_pid_alloc_sta,
536         .free_sta = rate_control_pid_free_sta,
537 #ifdef CONFIG_MAC80211_DEBUGFS
538         .add_sta_debugfs = rate_control_pid_add_sta_debugfs,
539         .remove_sta_debugfs = rate_control_pid_remove_sta_debugfs,
540 #endif
541 };
542
543 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("PID controller based rate control algorithm");
544 MODULE_AUTHOR("Stefano Brivio");
545 MODULE_AUTHOR("Mattias Nissler");
546 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
547
548 int __init rc80211_pid_init(void)
549 {
550         return ieee80211_rate_control_register(&mac80211_rcpid);
551 }
552
553 void rc80211_pid_exit(void)
554 {
555         ieee80211_rate_control_unregister(&mac80211_rcpid);
556 }
557
558 #ifdef CONFIG_MAC80211_RC_PID_MODULE
559 module_init(rc80211_pid_init);
560 module_exit(rc80211_pid_exit);
561 #endif