4 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
8 * Some corrections by tytso.
11 /* [Feb 1997 T. Schoebel-Theuer] Complete rewrite of the pathname
14 /* [Feb-Apr 2000, AV] Rewrite to the new namespace architecture.
17 #include <linux/init.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/slab.h>
21 #include <linux/namei.h>
22 #include <linux/quotaops.h>
23 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
24 #include <linux/fsnotify.h>
25 #include <linux/personality.h>
26 #include <linux/security.h>
27 #include <linux/ima.h>
28 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
29 #include <linux/mount.h>
30 #include <linux/audit.h>
31 #include <linux/capability.h>
32 #include <linux/file.h>
33 #include <linux/fcntl.h>
34 #include <linux/device_cgroup.h>
35 #include <linux/fs_struct.h>
36 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
40 /* [Feb-1997 T. Schoebel-Theuer]
41 * Fundamental changes in the pathname lookup mechanisms (namei)
42 * were necessary because of omirr. The reason is that omirr needs
43 * to know the _real_ pathname, not the user-supplied one, in case
44 * of symlinks (and also when transname replacements occur).
46 * The new code replaces the old recursive symlink resolution with
47 * an iterative one (in case of non-nested symlink chains). It does
48 * this with calls to <fs>_follow_link().
49 * As a side effect, dir_namei(), _namei() and follow_link() are now
50 * replaced with a single function lookup_dentry() that can handle all
51 * the special cases of the former code.
53 * With the new dcache, the pathname is stored at each inode, at least as
54 * long as the refcount of the inode is positive. As a side effect, the
55 * size of the dcache depends on the inode cache and thus is dynamic.
57 * [29-Apr-1998 C. Scott Ananian] Updated above description of symlink
58 * resolution to correspond with current state of the code.
60 * Note that the symlink resolution is not *completely* iterative.
61 * There is still a significant amount of tail- and mid- recursion in
62 * the algorithm. Also, note that <fs>_readlink() is not used in
63 * lookup_dentry(): lookup_dentry() on the result of <fs>_readlink()
64 * may return different results than <fs>_follow_link(). Many virtual
65 * filesystems (including /proc) exhibit this behavior.
68 /* [24-Feb-97 T. Schoebel-Theuer] Side effects caused by new implementation:
69 * New symlink semantics: when open() is called with flags O_CREAT | O_EXCL
70 * and the name already exists in form of a symlink, try to create the new
71 * name indicated by the symlink. The old code always complained that the
72 * name already exists, due to not following the symlink even if its target
73 * is nonexistent. The new semantics affects also mknod() and link() when
74 * the name is a symlink pointing to a non-existant name.
76 * I don't know which semantics is the right one, since I have no access
77 * to standards. But I found by trial that HP-UX 9.0 has the full "new"
78 * semantics implemented, while SunOS 4.1.1 and Solaris (SunOS 5.4) have the
79 * "old" one. Personally, I think the new semantics is much more logical.
80 * Note that "ln old new" where "new" is a symlink pointing to a non-existing
81 * file does succeed in both HP-UX and SunOs, but not in Solaris
82 * and in the old Linux semantics.
85 /* [16-Dec-97 Kevin Buhr] For security reasons, we change some symlink
86 * semantics. See the comments in "open_namei" and "do_link" below.
88 * [10-Sep-98 Alan Modra] Another symlink change.
91 /* [Feb-Apr 2000 AV] Complete rewrite. Rules for symlinks:
92 * inside the path - always follow.
93 * in the last component in creation/removal/renaming - never follow.
94 * if LOOKUP_FOLLOW passed - follow.
95 * if the pathname has trailing slashes - follow.
96 * otherwise - don't follow.
97 * (applied in that order).
99 * [Jun 2000 AV] Inconsistent behaviour of open() in case if flags==O_CREAT
100 * restored for 2.4. This is the last surviving part of old 4.2BSD bug.
101 * During the 2.4 we need to fix the userland stuff depending on it -
102 * hopefully we will be able to get rid of that wart in 2.5. So far only
103 * XEmacs seems to be relying on it...
106 * [Sep 2001 AV] Single-semaphore locking scheme (kudos to David Holland)
107 * implemented. Let's see if raised priority of ->s_vfs_rename_mutex gives
108 * any extra contention...
111 /* In order to reduce some races, while at the same time doing additional
112 * checking and hopefully speeding things up, we copy filenames to the
113 * kernel data space before using them..
115 * POSIX.1 2.4: an empty pathname is invalid (ENOENT).
116 * PATH_MAX includes the nul terminator --RR.
118 static int do_getname(const char __user *filename, char *page)
121 unsigned long len = PATH_MAX;
123 if (!segment_eq(get_fs(), KERNEL_DS)) {
124 if ((unsigned long) filename >= TASK_SIZE)
126 if (TASK_SIZE - (unsigned long) filename < PATH_MAX)
127 len = TASK_SIZE - (unsigned long) filename;
130 retval = strncpy_from_user(page, filename, len);
134 return -ENAMETOOLONG;
140 char * getname(const char __user * filename)
144 result = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
147 int retval = do_getname(filename, tmp);
152 result = ERR_PTR(retval);
155 audit_getname(result);
159 #ifdef CONFIG_AUDITSYSCALL
160 void putname(const char *name)
162 if (unlikely(!audit_dummy_context()))
167 EXPORT_SYMBOL(putname);
171 * This does basic POSIX ACL permission checking
173 static int acl_permission_check(struct inode *inode, int mask,
174 int (*check_acl)(struct inode *inode, int mask))
176 umode_t mode = inode->i_mode;
178 mask &= MAY_READ | MAY_WRITE | MAY_EXEC;
180 if (current_fsuid() == inode->i_uid)
183 if (IS_POSIXACL(inode) && (mode & S_IRWXG) && check_acl) {
184 int error = check_acl(inode, mask);
185 if (error != -EAGAIN)
189 if (in_group_p(inode->i_gid))
194 * If the DACs are ok we don't need any capability check.
196 if ((mask & ~mode) == 0)
202 * generic_permission - check for access rights on a Posix-like filesystem
203 * @inode: inode to check access rights for
204 * @mask: right to check for (%MAY_READ, %MAY_WRITE, %MAY_EXEC)
205 * @check_acl: optional callback to check for Posix ACLs
207 * Used to check for read/write/execute permissions on a file.
208 * We use "fsuid" for this, letting us set arbitrary permissions
209 * for filesystem access without changing the "normal" uids which
210 * are used for other things..
212 int generic_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask,
213 int (*check_acl)(struct inode *inode, int mask))
218 * Do the basic POSIX ACL permission checks.
220 ret = acl_permission_check(inode, mask, check_acl);
225 * Read/write DACs are always overridable.
226 * Executable DACs are overridable if at least one exec bit is set.
228 if (!(mask & MAY_EXEC) || execute_ok(inode))
229 if (capable(CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE))
233 * Searching includes executable on directories, else just read.
235 mask &= MAY_READ | MAY_WRITE | MAY_EXEC;
236 if (mask == MAY_READ || (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && !(mask & MAY_WRITE)))
237 if (capable(CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH))
244 * inode_permission - check for access rights to a given inode
245 * @inode: inode to check permission on
246 * @mask: right to check for (%MAY_READ, %MAY_WRITE, %MAY_EXEC)
248 * Used to check for read/write/execute permissions on an inode.
249 * We use "fsuid" for this, letting us set arbitrary permissions
250 * for filesystem access without changing the "normal" uids which
251 * are used for other things.
253 int inode_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask)
257 if (mask & MAY_WRITE) {
258 umode_t mode = inode->i_mode;
261 * Nobody gets write access to a read-only fs.
263 if (IS_RDONLY(inode) &&
264 (S_ISREG(mode) || S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISLNK(mode)))
268 * Nobody gets write access to an immutable file.
270 if (IS_IMMUTABLE(inode))
274 if (inode->i_op->permission)
275 retval = inode->i_op->permission(inode, mask);
277 retval = generic_permission(inode, mask, inode->i_op->check_acl);
282 retval = devcgroup_inode_permission(inode, mask);
286 return security_inode_permission(inode,
287 mask & (MAY_READ|MAY_WRITE|MAY_EXEC|MAY_APPEND));
291 * file_permission - check for additional access rights to a given file
292 * @file: file to check access rights for
293 * @mask: right to check for (%MAY_READ, %MAY_WRITE, %MAY_EXEC)
295 * Used to check for read/write/execute permissions on an already opened
299 * Do not use this function in new code. All access checks should
300 * be done using inode_permission().
302 int file_permission(struct file *file, int mask)
304 return inode_permission(file->f_path.dentry->d_inode, mask);
308 * get_write_access() gets write permission for a file.
309 * put_write_access() releases this write permission.
310 * This is used for regular files.
311 * We cannot support write (and maybe mmap read-write shared) accesses and
312 * MAP_DENYWRITE mmappings simultaneously. The i_writecount field of an inode
313 * can have the following values:
314 * 0: no writers, no VM_DENYWRITE mappings
315 * < 0: (-i_writecount) vm_area_structs with VM_DENYWRITE set exist
316 * > 0: (i_writecount) users are writing to the file.
318 * Normally we operate on that counter with atomic_{inc,dec} and it's safe
319 * except for the cases where we don't hold i_writecount yet. Then we need to
320 * use {get,deny}_write_access() - these functions check the sign and refuse
321 * to do the change if sign is wrong. Exclusion between them is provided by
322 * the inode->i_lock spinlock.
325 int get_write_access(struct inode * inode)
327 spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
328 if (atomic_read(&inode->i_writecount) < 0) {
329 spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
332 atomic_inc(&inode->i_writecount);
333 spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
338 int deny_write_access(struct file * file)
340 struct inode *inode = file->f_path.dentry->d_inode;
342 spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
343 if (atomic_read(&inode->i_writecount) > 0) {
344 spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
347 atomic_dec(&inode->i_writecount);
348 spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
354 * path_get - get a reference to a path
355 * @path: path to get the reference to
357 * Given a path increment the reference count to the dentry and the vfsmount.
359 void path_get(struct path *path)
364 EXPORT_SYMBOL(path_get);
367 * path_put - put a reference to a path
368 * @path: path to put the reference to
370 * Given a path decrement the reference count to the dentry and the vfsmount.
372 void path_put(struct path *path)
377 EXPORT_SYMBOL(path_put);
380 * release_open_intent - free up open intent resources
381 * @nd: pointer to nameidata
383 void release_open_intent(struct nameidata *nd)
385 if (nd->intent.open.file->f_path.dentry == NULL)
386 put_filp(nd->intent.open.file);
388 fput(nd->intent.open.file);
391 static inline struct dentry *
392 do_revalidate(struct dentry *dentry, struct nameidata *nd)
394 int status = dentry->d_op->d_revalidate(dentry, nd);
395 if (unlikely(status <= 0)) {
397 * The dentry failed validation.
398 * If d_revalidate returned 0 attempt to invalidate
399 * the dentry otherwise d_revalidate is asking us
400 * to return a fail status.
403 if (!d_invalidate(dentry)) {
409 dentry = ERR_PTR(status);
416 * force_reval_path - force revalidation of a dentry
418 * In some situations the path walking code will trust dentries without
419 * revalidating them. This causes problems for filesystems that depend on
420 * d_revalidate to handle file opens (e.g. NFSv4). When FS_REVAL_DOT is set
421 * (which indicates that it's possible for the dentry to go stale), force
422 * a d_revalidate call before proceeding.
424 * Returns 0 if the revalidation was successful. If the revalidation fails,
425 * either return the error returned by d_revalidate or -ESTALE if the
426 * revalidation it just returned 0. If d_revalidate returns 0, we attempt to
427 * invalidate the dentry. It's up to the caller to handle putting references
428 * to the path if necessary.
431 force_reval_path(struct path *path, struct nameidata *nd)
434 struct dentry *dentry = path->dentry;
437 * only check on filesystems where it's possible for the dentry to
438 * become stale. It's assumed that if this flag is set then the
439 * d_revalidate op will also be defined.
441 if (!(dentry->d_sb->s_type->fs_flags & FS_REVAL_DOT))
444 status = dentry->d_op->d_revalidate(dentry, nd);
449 d_invalidate(dentry);
456 * Short-cut version of permission(), for calling on directories
457 * during pathname resolution. Combines parts of permission()
458 * and generic_permission(), and tests ONLY for MAY_EXEC permission.
460 * If appropriate, check DAC only. If not appropriate, or
461 * short-cut DAC fails, then call ->permission() to do more
462 * complete permission check.
464 static int exec_permission(struct inode *inode)
468 if (inode->i_op->permission) {
469 ret = inode->i_op->permission(inode, MAY_EXEC);
474 ret = acl_permission_check(inode, MAY_EXEC, inode->i_op->check_acl);
478 if (capable(CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE) || capable(CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH))
483 return security_inode_permission(inode, MAY_EXEC);
486 static __always_inline void set_root(struct nameidata *nd)
489 struct fs_struct *fs = current->fs;
490 read_lock(&fs->lock);
493 read_unlock(&fs->lock);
497 static int link_path_walk(const char *, struct nameidata *);
499 static __always_inline int __vfs_follow_link(struct nameidata *nd, const char *link)
513 res = link_path_walk(link, nd);
514 if (nd->depth || res || nd->last_type!=LAST_NORM)
517 * If it is an iterative symlinks resolution in open_namei() we
518 * have to copy the last component. And all that crap because of
519 * bloody create() on broken symlinks. Furrfu...
522 if (unlikely(!name)) {
526 strcpy(name, nd->last.name);
527 nd->last.name = name;
531 return PTR_ERR(link);
534 static void path_put_conditional(struct path *path, struct nameidata *nd)
537 if (path->mnt != nd->path.mnt)
541 static inline void path_to_nameidata(struct path *path, struct nameidata *nd)
543 dput(nd->path.dentry);
544 if (nd->path.mnt != path->mnt)
545 mntput(nd->path.mnt);
546 nd->path.mnt = path->mnt;
547 nd->path.dentry = path->dentry;
550 static __always_inline int __do_follow_link(struct path *path, struct nameidata *nd)
554 struct dentry *dentry = path->dentry;
556 touch_atime(path->mnt, dentry);
557 nd_set_link(nd, NULL);
559 if (path->mnt != nd->path.mnt) {
560 path_to_nameidata(path, nd);
564 nd->last_type = LAST_BIND;
565 cookie = dentry->d_inode->i_op->follow_link(dentry, nd);
566 error = PTR_ERR(cookie);
567 if (!IS_ERR(cookie)) {
568 char *s = nd_get_link(nd);
571 error = __vfs_follow_link(nd, s);
572 else if (nd->last_type == LAST_BIND) {
573 error = force_reval_path(&nd->path, nd);
577 if (dentry->d_inode->i_op->put_link)
578 dentry->d_inode->i_op->put_link(dentry, nd, cookie);
584 * This limits recursive symlink follows to 8, while
585 * limiting consecutive symlinks to 40.
587 * Without that kind of total limit, nasty chains of consecutive
588 * symlinks can cause almost arbitrarily long lookups.
590 static inline int do_follow_link(struct path *path, struct nameidata *nd)
593 if (current->link_count >= MAX_NESTED_LINKS)
595 if (current->total_link_count >= 40)
597 BUG_ON(nd->depth >= MAX_NESTED_LINKS);
599 err = security_inode_follow_link(path->dentry, nd);
602 current->link_count++;
603 current->total_link_count++;
605 err = __do_follow_link(path, nd);
607 current->link_count--;
611 path_put_conditional(path, nd);
616 int follow_up(struct path *path)
618 struct vfsmount *parent;
619 struct dentry *mountpoint;
620 spin_lock(&vfsmount_lock);
621 parent = path->mnt->mnt_parent;
622 if (parent == path->mnt) {
623 spin_unlock(&vfsmount_lock);
627 mountpoint = dget(path->mnt->mnt_mountpoint);
628 spin_unlock(&vfsmount_lock);
630 path->dentry = mountpoint;
636 /* no need for dcache_lock, as serialization is taken care in
639 static int __follow_mount(struct path *path)
642 while (d_mountpoint(path->dentry)) {
643 struct vfsmount *mounted = lookup_mnt(path);
650 path->dentry = dget(mounted->mnt_root);
656 static void follow_mount(struct path *path)
658 while (d_mountpoint(path->dentry)) {
659 struct vfsmount *mounted = lookup_mnt(path);
665 path->dentry = dget(mounted->mnt_root);
669 /* no need for dcache_lock, as serialization is taken care in
672 int follow_down(struct path *path)
674 struct vfsmount *mounted;
676 mounted = lookup_mnt(path);
681 path->dentry = dget(mounted->mnt_root);
687 static __always_inline void follow_dotdot(struct nameidata *nd)
692 struct dentry *old = nd->path.dentry;
694 if (nd->path.dentry == nd->root.dentry &&
695 nd->path.mnt == nd->root.mnt) {
698 if (nd->path.dentry != nd->path.mnt->mnt_root) {
699 /* rare case of legitimate dget_parent()... */
700 nd->path.dentry = dget_parent(nd->path.dentry);
704 if (!follow_up(&nd->path))
707 follow_mount(&nd->path);
711 * It's more convoluted than I'd like it to be, but... it's still fairly
712 * small and for now I'd prefer to have fast path as straight as possible.
713 * It _is_ time-critical.
715 static int do_lookup(struct nameidata *nd, struct qstr *name,
718 struct vfsmount *mnt = nd->path.mnt;
719 struct dentry *dentry, *parent;
722 * See if the low-level filesystem might want
723 * to use its own hash..
725 if (nd->path.dentry->d_op && nd->path.dentry->d_op->d_hash) {
726 int err = nd->path.dentry->d_op->d_hash(nd->path.dentry, name);
731 dentry = __d_lookup(nd->path.dentry, name);
734 if (dentry->d_op && dentry->d_op->d_revalidate)
735 goto need_revalidate;
738 path->dentry = dentry;
739 __follow_mount(path);
743 parent = nd->path.dentry;
744 dir = parent->d_inode;
746 mutex_lock(&dir->i_mutex);
748 * First re-do the cached lookup just in case it was created
749 * while we waited for the directory semaphore..
751 * FIXME! This could use version numbering or similar to
752 * avoid unnecessary cache lookups.
754 * The "dcache_lock" is purely to protect the RCU list walker
755 * from concurrent renames at this point (we mustn't get false
756 * negatives from the RCU list walk here, unlike the optimistic
759 * so doing d_lookup() (with seqlock), instead of lockfree __d_lookup
761 dentry = d_lookup(parent, name);
765 /* Don't create child dentry for a dead directory. */
766 dentry = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
770 new = d_alloc(parent, name);
771 dentry = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
773 dentry = dir->i_op->lookup(dir, new, nd);
780 mutex_unlock(&dir->i_mutex);
787 * Uhhuh! Nasty case: the cache was re-populated while
788 * we waited on the semaphore. Need to revalidate.
790 mutex_unlock(&dir->i_mutex);
791 if (dentry->d_op && dentry->d_op->d_revalidate) {
792 dentry = do_revalidate(dentry, nd);
794 dentry = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
801 dentry = do_revalidate(dentry, nd);
809 return PTR_ERR(dentry);
813 * This is a temporary kludge to deal with "automount" symlinks; proper
814 * solution is to trigger them on follow_mount(), so that do_lookup()
815 * would DTRT. To be killed before 2.6.34-final.
817 static inline int follow_on_final(struct inode *inode, unsigned lookup_flags)
819 return inode && unlikely(inode->i_op->follow_link) &&
820 ((lookup_flags & LOOKUP_FOLLOW) || S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode));
825 * This is the basic name resolution function, turning a pathname into
826 * the final dentry. We expect 'base' to be positive and a directory.
828 * Returns 0 and nd will have valid dentry and mnt on success.
829 * Returns error and drops reference to input namei data on failure.
831 static int link_path_walk(const char *name, struct nameidata *nd)
836 unsigned int lookup_flags = nd->flags;
843 inode = nd->path.dentry->d_inode;
845 lookup_flags = LOOKUP_FOLLOW | (nd->flags & LOOKUP_CONTINUE);
847 /* At this point we know we have a real path component. */
853 nd->flags |= LOOKUP_CONTINUE;
854 err = exec_permission(inode);
859 c = *(const unsigned char *)name;
861 hash = init_name_hash();
864 hash = partial_name_hash(c, hash);
865 c = *(const unsigned char *)name;
866 } while (c && (c != '/'));
867 this.len = name - (const char *) this.name;
868 this.hash = end_name_hash(hash);
870 /* remove trailing slashes? */
873 while (*++name == '/');
875 goto last_with_slashes;
878 * "." and ".." are special - ".." especially so because it has
879 * to be able to know about the current root directory and
880 * parent relationships.
882 if (this.name[0] == '.') switch (this.len) {
886 if (this.name[1] != '.')
889 inode = nd->path.dentry->d_inode;
894 /* This does the actual lookups.. */
895 err = do_lookup(nd, &this, &next);
900 inode = next.dentry->d_inode;
904 if (inode->i_op->follow_link) {
905 err = do_follow_link(&next, nd);
909 inode = nd->path.dentry->d_inode;
913 path_to_nameidata(&next, nd);
915 if (!inode->i_op->lookup)
918 /* here ends the main loop */
921 lookup_flags |= LOOKUP_FOLLOW | LOOKUP_DIRECTORY;
923 /* Clear LOOKUP_CONTINUE iff it was previously unset */
924 nd->flags &= lookup_flags | ~LOOKUP_CONTINUE;
925 if (lookup_flags & LOOKUP_PARENT)
927 if (this.name[0] == '.') switch (this.len) {
931 if (this.name[1] != '.')
934 inode = nd->path.dentry->d_inode;
939 err = do_lookup(nd, &this, &next);
942 inode = next.dentry->d_inode;
943 if (follow_on_final(inode, lookup_flags)) {
944 err = do_follow_link(&next, nd);
947 inode = nd->path.dentry->d_inode;
949 path_to_nameidata(&next, nd);
953 if (lookup_flags & LOOKUP_DIRECTORY) {
955 if (!inode->i_op->lookup)
961 nd->last_type = LAST_NORM;
962 if (this.name[0] != '.')
965 nd->last_type = LAST_DOT;
966 else if (this.len == 2 && this.name[1] == '.')
967 nd->last_type = LAST_DOTDOT;
972 * We bypassed the ordinary revalidation routines.
973 * We may need to check the cached dentry for staleness.
975 if (nd->path.dentry && nd->path.dentry->d_sb &&
976 (nd->path.dentry->d_sb->s_type->fs_flags & FS_REVAL_DOT)) {
978 /* Note: we do not d_invalidate() */
979 if (!nd->path.dentry->d_op->d_revalidate(
980 nd->path.dentry, nd))
986 path_put_conditional(&next, nd);
994 static int path_walk(const char *name, struct nameidata *nd)
996 struct path save = nd->path;
999 current->total_link_count = 0;
1001 /* make sure the stuff we saved doesn't go away */
1004 result = link_path_walk(name, nd);
1005 if (result == -ESTALE) {
1006 /* nd->path had been dropped */
1007 current->total_link_count = 0;
1009 path_get(&nd->path);
1010 nd->flags |= LOOKUP_REVAL;
1011 result = link_path_walk(name, nd);
1019 static int path_init(int dfd, const char *name, unsigned int flags, struct nameidata *nd)
1025 nd->last_type = LAST_ROOT; /* if there are only slashes... */
1028 nd->root.mnt = NULL;
1032 nd->path = nd->root;
1033 path_get(&nd->root);
1034 } else if (dfd == AT_FDCWD) {
1035 struct fs_struct *fs = current->fs;
1036 read_lock(&fs->lock);
1039 read_unlock(&fs->lock);
1041 struct dentry *dentry;
1043 file = fget_light(dfd, &fput_needed);
1048 dentry = file->f_path.dentry;
1051 if (!S_ISDIR(dentry->d_inode->i_mode))
1054 retval = file_permission(file, MAY_EXEC);
1058 nd->path = file->f_path;
1059 path_get(&file->f_path);
1061 fput_light(file, fput_needed);
1066 fput_light(file, fput_needed);
1071 /* Returns 0 and nd will be valid on success; Retuns error, otherwise. */
1072 static int do_path_lookup(int dfd, const char *name,
1073 unsigned int flags, struct nameidata *nd)
1075 int retval = path_init(dfd, name, flags, nd);
1077 retval = path_walk(name, nd);
1078 if (unlikely(!retval && !audit_dummy_context() && nd->path.dentry &&
1079 nd->path.dentry->d_inode))
1080 audit_inode(name, nd->path.dentry);
1082 path_put(&nd->root);
1083 nd->root.mnt = NULL;
1088 int path_lookup(const char *name, unsigned int flags,
1089 struct nameidata *nd)
1091 return do_path_lookup(AT_FDCWD, name, flags, nd);
1094 int kern_path(const char *name, unsigned int flags, struct path *path)
1096 struct nameidata nd;
1097 int res = do_path_lookup(AT_FDCWD, name, flags, &nd);
1104 * vfs_path_lookup - lookup a file path relative to a dentry-vfsmount pair
1105 * @dentry: pointer to dentry of the base directory
1106 * @mnt: pointer to vfs mount of the base directory
1107 * @name: pointer to file name
1108 * @flags: lookup flags
1109 * @nd: pointer to nameidata
1111 int vfs_path_lookup(struct dentry *dentry, struct vfsmount *mnt,
1112 const char *name, unsigned int flags,
1113 struct nameidata *nd)
1117 /* same as do_path_lookup */
1118 nd->last_type = LAST_ROOT;
1122 nd->path.dentry = dentry;
1124 path_get(&nd->path);
1125 nd->root = nd->path;
1126 path_get(&nd->root);
1128 retval = path_walk(name, nd);
1129 if (unlikely(!retval && !audit_dummy_context() && nd->path.dentry &&
1130 nd->path.dentry->d_inode))
1131 audit_inode(name, nd->path.dentry);
1133 path_put(&nd->root);
1134 nd->root.mnt = NULL;
1139 static struct dentry *__lookup_hash(struct qstr *name,
1140 struct dentry *base, struct nameidata *nd)
1142 struct dentry *dentry;
1143 struct inode *inode;
1146 inode = base->d_inode;
1149 * See if the low-level filesystem might want
1150 * to use its own hash..
1152 if (base->d_op && base->d_op->d_hash) {
1153 err = base->d_op->d_hash(base, name);
1154 dentry = ERR_PTR(err);
1159 dentry = __d_lookup(base, name);
1161 /* lockess __d_lookup may fail due to concurrent d_move()
1162 * in some unrelated directory, so try with d_lookup
1165 dentry = d_lookup(base, name);
1167 if (dentry && dentry->d_op && dentry->d_op->d_revalidate)
1168 dentry = do_revalidate(dentry, nd);
1173 /* Don't create child dentry for a dead directory. */
1174 dentry = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
1175 if (IS_DEADDIR(inode))
1178 new = d_alloc(base, name);
1179 dentry = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1182 dentry = inode->i_op->lookup(inode, new, nd);
1193 * Restricted form of lookup. Doesn't follow links, single-component only,
1194 * needs parent already locked. Doesn't follow mounts.
1197 static struct dentry *lookup_hash(struct nameidata *nd)
1201 err = exec_permission(nd->path.dentry->d_inode);
1203 return ERR_PTR(err);
1204 return __lookup_hash(&nd->last, nd->path.dentry, nd);
1207 static int __lookup_one_len(const char *name, struct qstr *this,
1208 struct dentry *base, int len)
1218 hash = init_name_hash();
1220 c = *(const unsigned char *)name++;
1221 if (c == '/' || c == '\0')
1223 hash = partial_name_hash(c, hash);
1225 this->hash = end_name_hash(hash);
1230 * lookup_one_len - filesystem helper to lookup single pathname component
1231 * @name: pathname component to lookup
1232 * @base: base directory to lookup from
1233 * @len: maximum length @len should be interpreted to
1235 * Note that this routine is purely a helper for filesystem usage and should
1236 * not be called by generic code. Also note that by using this function the
1237 * nameidata argument is passed to the filesystem methods and a filesystem
1238 * using this helper needs to be prepared for that.
1240 struct dentry *lookup_one_len(const char *name, struct dentry *base, int len)
1245 WARN_ON_ONCE(!mutex_is_locked(&base->d_inode->i_mutex));
1247 err = __lookup_one_len(name, &this, base, len);
1249 return ERR_PTR(err);
1251 err = exec_permission(base->d_inode);
1253 return ERR_PTR(err);
1254 return __lookup_hash(&this, base, NULL);
1257 int user_path_at(int dfd, const char __user *name, unsigned flags,
1260 struct nameidata nd;
1261 char *tmp = getname(name);
1262 int err = PTR_ERR(tmp);
1265 BUG_ON(flags & LOOKUP_PARENT);
1267 err = do_path_lookup(dfd, tmp, flags, &nd);
1275 static int user_path_parent(int dfd, const char __user *path,
1276 struct nameidata *nd, char **name)
1278 char *s = getname(path);
1284 error = do_path_lookup(dfd, s, LOOKUP_PARENT, nd);
1294 * It's inline, so penalty for filesystems that don't use sticky bit is
1297 static inline int check_sticky(struct inode *dir, struct inode *inode)
1299 uid_t fsuid = current_fsuid();
1301 if (!(dir->i_mode & S_ISVTX))
1303 if (inode->i_uid == fsuid)
1305 if (dir->i_uid == fsuid)
1307 return !capable(CAP_FOWNER);
1311 * Check whether we can remove a link victim from directory dir, check
1312 * whether the type of victim is right.
1313 * 1. We can't do it if dir is read-only (done in permission())
1314 * 2. We should have write and exec permissions on dir
1315 * 3. We can't remove anything from append-only dir
1316 * 4. We can't do anything with immutable dir (done in permission())
1317 * 5. If the sticky bit on dir is set we should either
1318 * a. be owner of dir, or
1319 * b. be owner of victim, or
1320 * c. have CAP_FOWNER capability
1321 * 6. If the victim is append-only or immutable we can't do antyhing with
1322 * links pointing to it.
1323 * 7. If we were asked to remove a directory and victim isn't one - ENOTDIR.
1324 * 8. If we were asked to remove a non-directory and victim isn't one - EISDIR.
1325 * 9. We can't remove a root or mountpoint.
1326 * 10. We don't allow removal of NFS sillyrenamed files; it's handled by
1327 * nfs_async_unlink().
1329 static int may_delete(struct inode *dir,struct dentry *victim,int isdir)
1333 if (!victim->d_inode)
1336 BUG_ON(victim->d_parent->d_inode != dir);
1337 audit_inode_child(victim, dir);
1339 error = inode_permission(dir, MAY_WRITE | MAY_EXEC);
1344 if (check_sticky(dir, victim->d_inode)||IS_APPEND(victim->d_inode)||
1345 IS_IMMUTABLE(victim->d_inode) || IS_SWAPFILE(victim->d_inode))
1348 if (!S_ISDIR(victim->d_inode->i_mode))
1350 if (IS_ROOT(victim))
1352 } else if (S_ISDIR(victim->d_inode->i_mode))
1354 if (IS_DEADDIR(dir))
1356 if (victim->d_flags & DCACHE_NFSFS_RENAMED)
1361 /* Check whether we can create an object with dentry child in directory
1363 * 1. We can't do it if child already exists (open has special treatment for
1364 * this case, but since we are inlined it's OK)
1365 * 2. We can't do it if dir is read-only (done in permission())
1366 * 3. We should have write and exec permissions on dir
1367 * 4. We can't do it if dir is immutable (done in permission())
1369 static inline int may_create(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *child)
1373 if (IS_DEADDIR(dir))
1375 return inode_permission(dir, MAY_WRITE | MAY_EXEC);
1379 * O_DIRECTORY translates into forcing a directory lookup.
1381 static inline int lookup_flags(unsigned int f)
1383 unsigned long retval = LOOKUP_FOLLOW;
1386 retval &= ~LOOKUP_FOLLOW;
1388 if (f & O_DIRECTORY)
1389 retval |= LOOKUP_DIRECTORY;
1395 * p1 and p2 should be directories on the same fs.
1397 struct dentry *lock_rename(struct dentry *p1, struct dentry *p2)
1402 mutex_lock_nested(&p1->d_inode->i_mutex, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
1406 mutex_lock(&p1->d_inode->i_sb->s_vfs_rename_mutex);
1408 p = d_ancestor(p2, p1);
1410 mutex_lock_nested(&p2->d_inode->i_mutex, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
1411 mutex_lock_nested(&p1->d_inode->i_mutex, I_MUTEX_CHILD);
1415 p = d_ancestor(p1, p2);
1417 mutex_lock_nested(&p1->d_inode->i_mutex, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
1418 mutex_lock_nested(&p2->d_inode->i_mutex, I_MUTEX_CHILD);
1422 mutex_lock_nested(&p1->d_inode->i_mutex, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
1423 mutex_lock_nested(&p2->d_inode->i_mutex, I_MUTEX_CHILD);
1427 void unlock_rename(struct dentry *p1, struct dentry *p2)
1429 mutex_unlock(&p1->d_inode->i_mutex);
1431 mutex_unlock(&p2->d_inode->i_mutex);
1432 mutex_unlock(&p1->d_inode->i_sb->s_vfs_rename_mutex);
1436 int vfs_create(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode,
1437 struct nameidata *nd)
1439 int error = may_create(dir, dentry);
1444 if (!dir->i_op->create)
1445 return -EACCES; /* shouldn't it be ENOSYS? */
1448 error = security_inode_create(dir, dentry, mode);
1452 error = dir->i_op->create(dir, dentry, mode, nd);
1454 fsnotify_create(dir, dentry);
1458 int may_open(struct path *path, int acc_mode, int flag)
1460 struct dentry *dentry = path->dentry;
1461 struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
1467 switch (inode->i_mode & S_IFMT) {
1471 if (acc_mode & MAY_WRITE)
1476 if (path->mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_NODEV)
1485 error = inode_permission(inode, acc_mode);
1490 * An append-only file must be opened in append mode for writing.
1492 if (IS_APPEND(inode)) {
1493 if ((flag & O_ACCMODE) != O_RDONLY && !(flag & O_APPEND))
1499 /* O_NOATIME can only be set by the owner or superuser */
1500 if (flag & O_NOATIME && !is_owner_or_cap(inode))
1504 * Ensure there are no outstanding leases on the file.
1506 return break_lease(inode, flag);
1509 static int handle_truncate(struct path *path)
1511 struct inode *inode = path->dentry->d_inode;
1512 int error = get_write_access(inode);
1516 * Refuse to truncate files with mandatory locks held on them.
1518 error = locks_verify_locked(inode);
1520 error = security_path_truncate(path, 0,
1521 ATTR_MTIME|ATTR_CTIME|ATTR_OPEN);
1523 error = do_truncate(path->dentry, 0,
1524 ATTR_MTIME|ATTR_CTIME|ATTR_OPEN,
1527 put_write_access(inode);
1532 * Be careful about ever adding any more callers of this
1533 * function. Its flags must be in the namei format, not
1534 * what get passed to sys_open().
1536 static int __open_namei_create(struct nameidata *nd, struct path *path,
1537 int open_flag, int mode)
1540 struct dentry *dir = nd->path.dentry;
1542 if (!IS_POSIXACL(dir->d_inode))
1543 mode &= ~current_umask();
1544 error = security_path_mknod(&nd->path, path->dentry, mode, 0);
1547 error = vfs_create(dir->d_inode, path->dentry, mode, nd);
1549 mutex_unlock(&dir->d_inode->i_mutex);
1550 dput(nd->path.dentry);
1551 nd->path.dentry = path->dentry;
1554 /* Don't check for write permission, don't truncate */
1555 return may_open(&nd->path, 0, open_flag & ~O_TRUNC);
1559 * Note that while the flag value (low two bits) for sys_open means:
1564 * it is changed into
1565 * 00 - no permissions needed
1566 * 01 - read-permission
1567 * 10 - write-permission
1569 * for the internal routines (ie open_namei()/follow_link() etc)
1570 * This is more logical, and also allows the 00 "no perm needed"
1571 * to be used for symlinks (where the permissions are checked
1575 static inline int open_to_namei_flags(int flag)
1577 if ((flag+1) & O_ACCMODE)
1582 static int open_will_truncate(int flag, struct inode *inode)
1585 * We'll never write to the fs underlying
1588 if (special_file(inode->i_mode))
1590 return (flag & O_TRUNC);
1593 static struct file *finish_open(struct nameidata *nd,
1594 int open_flag, int acc_mode)
1600 will_truncate = open_will_truncate(open_flag, nd->path.dentry->d_inode);
1601 if (will_truncate) {
1602 error = mnt_want_write(nd->path.mnt);
1606 error = may_open(&nd->path, acc_mode, open_flag);
1609 mnt_drop_write(nd->path.mnt);
1612 filp = nameidata_to_filp(nd);
1613 if (!IS_ERR(filp)) {
1614 error = ima_file_check(filp, acc_mode);
1617 filp = ERR_PTR(error);
1620 if (!IS_ERR(filp)) {
1621 if (acc_mode & MAY_WRITE)
1622 vfs_dq_init(nd->path.dentry->d_inode);
1624 if (will_truncate) {
1625 error = handle_truncate(&nd->path);
1628 filp = ERR_PTR(error);
1633 * It is now safe to drop the mnt write
1634 * because the filp has had a write taken
1638 mnt_drop_write(nd->path.mnt);
1642 if (!IS_ERR(nd->intent.open.file))
1643 release_open_intent(nd);
1644 path_put(&nd->path);
1645 return ERR_PTR(error);
1648 static struct file *do_last(struct nameidata *nd, struct path *path,
1649 int open_flag, int acc_mode,
1650 int mode, const char *pathname)
1652 struct dentry *dir = nd->path.dentry;
1656 if (nd->last_type == LAST_BIND)
1660 if (nd->last_type != LAST_NORM || nd->last.name[nd->last.len])
1663 mutex_lock(&dir->d_inode->i_mutex);
1665 path->dentry = lookup_hash(nd);
1666 path->mnt = nd->path.mnt;
1668 error = PTR_ERR(path->dentry);
1669 if (IS_ERR(path->dentry)) {
1670 mutex_unlock(&dir->d_inode->i_mutex);
1674 if (IS_ERR(nd->intent.open.file)) {
1675 error = PTR_ERR(nd->intent.open.file);
1676 goto exit_mutex_unlock;
1679 /* Negative dentry, just create the file */
1680 if (!path->dentry->d_inode) {
1682 * This write is needed to ensure that a
1683 * ro->rw transition does not occur between
1684 * the time when the file is created and when
1685 * a permanent write count is taken through
1686 * the 'struct file' in nameidata_to_filp().
1688 error = mnt_want_write(nd->path.mnt);
1690 goto exit_mutex_unlock;
1691 error = __open_namei_create(nd, path, open_flag, mode);
1693 mnt_drop_write(nd->path.mnt);
1696 filp = nameidata_to_filp(nd);
1697 mnt_drop_write(nd->path.mnt);
1698 if (!IS_ERR(filp)) {
1699 error = ima_file_check(filp, acc_mode);
1702 filp = ERR_PTR(error);
1709 * It already exists.
1711 mutex_unlock(&dir->d_inode->i_mutex);
1712 audit_inode(pathname, path->dentry);
1715 if (open_flag & O_EXCL)
1718 if (__follow_mount(path)) {
1720 if (open_flag & O_NOFOLLOW)
1725 if (!path->dentry->d_inode)
1728 if (path->dentry->d_inode->i_op->follow_link)
1731 path_to_nameidata(path, nd);
1733 if (S_ISDIR(path->dentry->d_inode->i_mode))
1736 filp = finish_open(nd, open_flag, acc_mode);
1740 mutex_unlock(&dir->d_inode->i_mutex);
1742 path_put_conditional(path, nd);
1744 if (!IS_ERR(nd->intent.open.file))
1745 release_open_intent(nd);
1746 path_put(&nd->path);
1747 return ERR_PTR(error);
1751 * Note that the low bits of the passed in "open_flag"
1752 * are not the same as in the local variable "flag". See
1753 * open_to_namei_flags() for more details.
1755 struct file *do_filp_open(int dfd, const char *pathname,
1756 int open_flag, int mode, int acc_mode)
1759 struct nameidata nd;
1763 int flag = open_to_namei_flags(open_flag);
1764 int force_reval = 0;
1767 * O_SYNC is implemented as __O_SYNC|O_DSYNC. As many places only
1768 * check for O_DSYNC if the need any syncing at all we enforce it's
1769 * always set instead of having to deal with possibly weird behaviour
1770 * for malicious applications setting only __O_SYNC.
1772 if (open_flag & __O_SYNC)
1773 open_flag |= O_DSYNC;
1776 acc_mode = MAY_OPEN | ACC_MODE(open_flag);
1778 /* O_TRUNC implies we need access checks for write permissions */
1779 if (open_flag & O_TRUNC)
1780 acc_mode |= MAY_WRITE;
1782 /* Allow the LSM permission hook to distinguish append
1783 access from general write access. */
1784 if (open_flag & O_APPEND)
1785 acc_mode |= MAY_APPEND;
1788 * The simplest case - just a plain lookup.
1790 if (!(open_flag & O_CREAT)) {
1791 filp = get_empty_filp();
1794 return ERR_PTR(-ENFILE);
1795 nd.intent.open.file = filp;
1796 filp->f_flags = open_flag;
1797 nd.intent.open.flags = flag;
1798 nd.intent.open.create_mode = 0;
1799 error = do_path_lookup(dfd, pathname,
1800 lookup_flags(open_flag)|LOOKUP_OPEN, &nd);
1801 if (IS_ERR(nd.intent.open.file)) {
1803 error = PTR_ERR(nd.intent.open.file);
1807 release_open_intent(&nd);
1809 return ERR_PTR(error);
1810 return finish_open(&nd, open_flag, acc_mode);
1814 * Create - we need to know the parent.
1817 error = path_init(dfd, pathname, LOOKUP_PARENT, &nd);
1819 return ERR_PTR(error);
1821 nd.flags |= LOOKUP_REVAL;
1823 current->total_link_count = 0;
1824 error = link_path_walk(pathname, &nd);
1826 filp = ERR_PTR(error);
1829 if (unlikely(!audit_dummy_context()))
1830 audit_inode(pathname, nd.path.dentry);
1833 * We have the parent and last component.
1837 filp = get_empty_filp();
1840 nd.intent.open.file = filp;
1841 filp->f_flags = open_flag;
1842 nd.intent.open.flags = flag;
1843 nd.intent.open.create_mode = mode;
1844 nd.flags &= ~LOOKUP_PARENT;
1845 nd.flags |= LOOKUP_CREATE | LOOKUP_OPEN;
1846 if (open_flag & O_EXCL)
1847 nd.flags |= LOOKUP_EXCL;
1848 filp = do_last(&nd, &path, open_flag, acc_mode, mode, pathname);
1849 while (unlikely(!filp)) { /* trailing symlink */
1851 if ((open_flag & O_NOFOLLOW) || count++ == 32)
1854 * This is subtle. Instead of calling do_follow_link() we do
1855 * the thing by hands. The reason is that this way we have zero
1856 * link_count and path_walk() (called from ->follow_link)
1857 * honoring LOOKUP_PARENT. After that we have the parent and
1858 * last component, i.e. we are in the same situation as after
1859 * the first path_walk(). Well, almost - if the last component
1860 * is normal we get its copy stored in nd->last.name and we will
1861 * have to putname() it when we are done. Procfs-like symlinks
1862 * just set LAST_BIND.
1864 nd.flags |= LOOKUP_PARENT;
1865 error = security_inode_follow_link(path.dentry, &nd);
1868 error = __do_follow_link(&path, &nd);
1871 /* nd.path had been dropped */
1872 release_open_intent(&nd);
1873 filp = ERR_PTR(error);
1876 nd.flags &= ~LOOKUP_PARENT;
1877 filp = do_last(&nd, &path, open_flag, acc_mode, mode, pathname);
1878 if (nd.last_type == LAST_NORM)
1879 __putname(nd.last.name);
1884 if (filp == ERR_PTR(-ESTALE) && !force_reval) {
1891 path_put_conditional(&path, &nd);
1892 if (!IS_ERR(nd.intent.open.file))
1893 release_open_intent(&nd);
1896 filp = ERR_PTR(error);
1901 * filp_open - open file and return file pointer
1903 * @filename: path to open
1904 * @flags: open flags as per the open(2) second argument
1905 * @mode: mode for the new file if O_CREAT is set, else ignored
1907 * This is the helper to open a file from kernelspace if you really
1908 * have to. But in generally you should not do this, so please move
1909 * along, nothing to see here..
1911 struct file *filp_open(const char *filename, int flags, int mode)
1913 return do_filp_open(AT_FDCWD, filename, flags, mode, 0);
1915 EXPORT_SYMBOL(filp_open);
1918 * lookup_create - lookup a dentry, creating it if it doesn't exist
1919 * @nd: nameidata info
1920 * @is_dir: directory flag
1922 * Simple function to lookup and return a dentry and create it
1923 * if it doesn't exist. Is SMP-safe.
1925 * Returns with nd->path.dentry->d_inode->i_mutex locked.
1927 struct dentry *lookup_create(struct nameidata *nd, int is_dir)
1929 struct dentry *dentry = ERR_PTR(-EEXIST);
1931 mutex_lock_nested(&nd->path.dentry->d_inode->i_mutex, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
1933 * Yucky last component or no last component at all?
1934 * (foo/., foo/.., /////)
1936 if (nd->last_type != LAST_NORM)
1938 nd->flags &= ~LOOKUP_PARENT;
1939 nd->flags |= LOOKUP_CREATE | LOOKUP_EXCL;
1940 nd->intent.open.flags = O_EXCL;
1943 * Do the final lookup.
1945 dentry = lookup_hash(nd);
1949 if (dentry->d_inode)
1952 * Special case - lookup gave negative, but... we had foo/bar/
1953 * From the vfs_mknod() POV we just have a negative dentry -
1954 * all is fine. Let's be bastards - you had / on the end, you've
1955 * been asking for (non-existent) directory. -ENOENT for you.
1957 if (unlikely(!is_dir && nd->last.name[nd->last.len])) {
1959 dentry = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
1964 dentry = ERR_PTR(-EEXIST);
1968 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(lookup_create);
1970 int vfs_mknod(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode, dev_t dev)
1972 int error = may_create(dir, dentry);
1977 if ((S_ISCHR(mode) || S_ISBLK(mode)) && !capable(CAP_MKNOD))
1980 if (!dir->i_op->mknod)
1983 error = devcgroup_inode_mknod(mode, dev);
1987 error = security_inode_mknod(dir, dentry, mode, dev);
1992 error = dir->i_op->mknod(dir, dentry, mode, dev);
1994 fsnotify_create(dir, dentry);
1998 static int may_mknod(mode_t mode)
2000 switch (mode & S_IFMT) {
2006 case 0: /* zero mode translates to S_IFREG */
2015 SYSCALL_DEFINE4(mknodat, int, dfd, const char __user *, filename, int, mode,
2020 struct dentry *dentry;
2021 struct nameidata nd;
2026 error = user_path_parent(dfd, filename, &nd, &tmp);
2030 dentry = lookup_create(&nd, 0);
2031 if (IS_ERR(dentry)) {
2032 error = PTR_ERR(dentry);
2035 if (!IS_POSIXACL(nd.path.dentry->d_inode))
2036 mode &= ~current_umask();
2037 error = may_mknod(mode);
2040 error = mnt_want_write(nd.path.mnt);
2043 error = security_path_mknod(&nd.path, dentry, mode, dev);
2045 goto out_drop_write;
2046 switch (mode & S_IFMT) {
2047 case 0: case S_IFREG:
2048 error = vfs_create(nd.path.dentry->d_inode,dentry,mode,&nd);
2050 case S_IFCHR: case S_IFBLK:
2051 error = vfs_mknod(nd.path.dentry->d_inode,dentry,mode,
2052 new_decode_dev(dev));
2054 case S_IFIFO: case S_IFSOCK:
2055 error = vfs_mknod(nd.path.dentry->d_inode,dentry,mode,0);
2059 mnt_drop_write(nd.path.mnt);
2063 mutex_unlock(&nd.path.dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
2070 SYSCALL_DEFINE3(mknod, const char __user *, filename, int, mode, unsigned, dev)
2072 return sys_mknodat(AT_FDCWD, filename, mode, dev);
2075 int vfs_mkdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode)
2077 int error = may_create(dir, dentry);
2082 if (!dir->i_op->mkdir)
2085 mode &= (S_IRWXUGO|S_ISVTX);
2086 error = security_inode_mkdir(dir, dentry, mode);
2091 error = dir->i_op->mkdir(dir, dentry, mode);
2093 fsnotify_mkdir(dir, dentry);
2097 SYSCALL_DEFINE3(mkdirat, int, dfd, const char __user *, pathname, int, mode)
2101 struct dentry *dentry;
2102 struct nameidata nd;
2104 error = user_path_parent(dfd, pathname, &nd, &tmp);
2108 dentry = lookup_create(&nd, 1);
2109 error = PTR_ERR(dentry);
2113 if (!IS_POSIXACL(nd.path.dentry->d_inode))
2114 mode &= ~current_umask();
2115 error = mnt_want_write(nd.path.mnt);
2118 error = security_path_mkdir(&nd.path, dentry, mode);
2120 goto out_drop_write;
2121 error = vfs_mkdir(nd.path.dentry->d_inode, dentry, mode);
2123 mnt_drop_write(nd.path.mnt);
2127 mutex_unlock(&nd.path.dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
2134 SYSCALL_DEFINE2(mkdir, const char __user *, pathname, int, mode)
2136 return sys_mkdirat(AT_FDCWD, pathname, mode);
2140 * We try to drop the dentry early: we should have
2141 * a usage count of 2 if we're the only user of this
2142 * dentry, and if that is true (possibly after pruning
2143 * the dcache), then we drop the dentry now.
2145 * A low-level filesystem can, if it choses, legally
2148 * if (!d_unhashed(dentry))
2151 * if it cannot handle the case of removing a directory
2152 * that is still in use by something else..
2154 void dentry_unhash(struct dentry *dentry)
2157 shrink_dcache_parent(dentry);
2158 spin_lock(&dcache_lock);
2159 spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
2160 if (atomic_read(&dentry->d_count) == 2)
2162 spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
2163 spin_unlock(&dcache_lock);
2166 int vfs_rmdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
2168 int error = may_delete(dir, dentry, 1);
2173 if (!dir->i_op->rmdir)
2178 mutex_lock(&dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
2179 dentry_unhash(dentry);
2180 if (d_mountpoint(dentry))
2183 error = security_inode_rmdir(dir, dentry);
2185 error = dir->i_op->rmdir(dir, dentry);
2187 dentry->d_inode->i_flags |= S_DEAD;
2190 mutex_unlock(&dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
2199 static long do_rmdir(int dfd, const char __user *pathname)
2203 struct dentry *dentry;
2204 struct nameidata nd;
2206 error = user_path_parent(dfd, pathname, &nd, &name);
2210 switch(nd.last_type) {
2222 nd.flags &= ~LOOKUP_PARENT;
2224 mutex_lock_nested(&nd.path.dentry->d_inode->i_mutex, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
2225 dentry = lookup_hash(&nd);
2226 error = PTR_ERR(dentry);
2229 error = mnt_want_write(nd.path.mnt);
2232 error = security_path_rmdir(&nd.path, dentry);
2235 error = vfs_rmdir(nd.path.dentry->d_inode, dentry);
2237 mnt_drop_write(nd.path.mnt);
2241 mutex_unlock(&nd.path.dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
2248 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(rmdir, const char __user *, pathname)
2250 return do_rmdir(AT_FDCWD, pathname);
2253 int vfs_unlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
2255 int error = may_delete(dir, dentry, 0);
2260 if (!dir->i_op->unlink)
2265 mutex_lock(&dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
2266 if (d_mountpoint(dentry))
2269 error = security_inode_unlink(dir, dentry);
2271 error = dir->i_op->unlink(dir, dentry);
2273 dentry->d_inode->i_flags |= S_DEAD;
2276 mutex_unlock(&dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
2278 /* We don't d_delete() NFS sillyrenamed files--they still exist. */
2279 if (!error && !(dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_NFSFS_RENAMED)) {
2280 fsnotify_link_count(dentry->d_inode);
2288 * Make sure that the actual truncation of the file will occur outside its
2289 * directory's i_mutex. Truncate can take a long time if there is a lot of
2290 * writeout happening, and we don't want to prevent access to the directory
2291 * while waiting on the I/O.
2293 static long do_unlinkat(int dfd, const char __user *pathname)
2297 struct dentry *dentry;
2298 struct nameidata nd;
2299 struct inode *inode = NULL;
2301 error = user_path_parent(dfd, pathname, &nd, &name);
2306 if (nd.last_type != LAST_NORM)
2309 nd.flags &= ~LOOKUP_PARENT;
2311 mutex_lock_nested(&nd.path.dentry->d_inode->i_mutex, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
2312 dentry = lookup_hash(&nd);
2313 error = PTR_ERR(dentry);
2314 if (!IS_ERR(dentry)) {
2315 /* Why not before? Because we want correct error value */
2316 if (nd.last.name[nd.last.len])
2318 inode = dentry->d_inode;
2320 atomic_inc(&inode->i_count);
2321 error = mnt_want_write(nd.path.mnt);
2324 error = security_path_unlink(&nd.path, dentry);
2327 error = vfs_unlink(nd.path.dentry->d_inode, dentry);
2329 mnt_drop_write(nd.path.mnt);
2333 mutex_unlock(&nd.path.dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
2335 iput(inode); /* truncate the inode here */
2342 error = !dentry->d_inode ? -ENOENT :
2343 S_ISDIR(dentry->d_inode->i_mode) ? -EISDIR : -ENOTDIR;
2347 SYSCALL_DEFINE3(unlinkat, int, dfd, const char __user *, pathname, int, flag)
2349 if ((flag & ~AT_REMOVEDIR) != 0)
2352 if (flag & AT_REMOVEDIR)
2353 return do_rmdir(dfd, pathname);
2355 return do_unlinkat(dfd, pathname);
2358 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(unlink, const char __user *, pathname)
2360 return do_unlinkat(AT_FDCWD, pathname);
2363 int vfs_symlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, const char *oldname)
2365 int error = may_create(dir, dentry);
2370 if (!dir->i_op->symlink)
2373 error = security_inode_symlink(dir, dentry, oldname);
2378 error = dir->i_op->symlink(dir, dentry, oldname);
2380 fsnotify_create(dir, dentry);
2384 SYSCALL_DEFINE3(symlinkat, const char __user *, oldname,
2385 int, newdfd, const char __user *, newname)
2390 struct dentry *dentry;
2391 struct nameidata nd;
2393 from = getname(oldname);
2395 return PTR_ERR(from);
2397 error = user_path_parent(newdfd, newname, &nd, &to);
2401 dentry = lookup_create(&nd, 0);
2402 error = PTR_ERR(dentry);
2406 error = mnt_want_write(nd.path.mnt);
2409 error = security_path_symlink(&nd.path, dentry, from);
2411 goto out_drop_write;
2412 error = vfs_symlink(nd.path.dentry->d_inode, dentry, from);
2414 mnt_drop_write(nd.path.mnt);
2418 mutex_unlock(&nd.path.dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
2426 SYSCALL_DEFINE2(symlink, const char __user *, oldname, const char __user *, newname)
2428 return sys_symlinkat(oldname, AT_FDCWD, newname);
2431 int vfs_link(struct dentry *old_dentry, struct inode *dir, struct dentry *new_dentry)
2433 struct inode *inode = old_dentry->d_inode;
2439 error = may_create(dir, new_dentry);
2443 if (dir->i_sb != inode->i_sb)
2447 * A link to an append-only or immutable file cannot be created.
2449 if (IS_APPEND(inode) || IS_IMMUTABLE(inode))
2451 if (!dir->i_op->link)
2453 if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
2456 error = security_inode_link(old_dentry, dir, new_dentry);
2460 mutex_lock(&inode->i_mutex);
2462 error = dir->i_op->link(old_dentry, dir, new_dentry);
2463 mutex_unlock(&inode->i_mutex);
2465 fsnotify_link(dir, inode, new_dentry);
2470 * Hardlinks are often used in delicate situations. We avoid
2471 * security-related surprises by not following symlinks on the
2474 * We don't follow them on the oldname either to be compatible
2475 * with linux 2.0, and to avoid hard-linking to directories
2476 * and other special files. --ADM
2478 SYSCALL_DEFINE5(linkat, int, olddfd, const char __user *, oldname,
2479 int, newdfd, const char __user *, newname, int, flags)
2481 struct dentry *new_dentry;
2482 struct nameidata nd;
2483 struct path old_path;
2487 if ((flags & ~AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW) != 0)
2490 error = user_path_at(olddfd, oldname,
2491 flags & AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW ? LOOKUP_FOLLOW : 0,
2496 error = user_path_parent(newdfd, newname, &nd, &to);
2500 if (old_path.mnt != nd.path.mnt)
2502 new_dentry = lookup_create(&nd, 0);
2503 error = PTR_ERR(new_dentry);
2504 if (IS_ERR(new_dentry))
2506 error = mnt_want_write(nd.path.mnt);
2509 error = security_path_link(old_path.dentry, &nd.path, new_dentry);
2511 goto out_drop_write;
2512 error = vfs_link(old_path.dentry, nd.path.dentry->d_inode, new_dentry);
2514 mnt_drop_write(nd.path.mnt);
2518 mutex_unlock(&nd.path.dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
2523 path_put(&old_path);
2528 SYSCALL_DEFINE2(link, const char __user *, oldname, const char __user *, newname)
2530 return sys_linkat(AT_FDCWD, oldname, AT_FDCWD, newname, 0);
2534 * The worst of all namespace operations - renaming directory. "Perverted"
2535 * doesn't even start to describe it. Somebody in UCB had a heck of a trip...
2537 * a) we can get into loop creation. Check is done in is_subdir().
2538 * b) race potential - two innocent renames can create a loop together.
2539 * That's where 4.4 screws up. Current fix: serialization on
2540 * sb->s_vfs_rename_mutex. We might be more accurate, but that's another
2542 * c) we have to lock _three_ objects - parents and victim (if it exists).
2543 * And that - after we got ->i_mutex on parents (until then we don't know
2544 * whether the target exists). Solution: try to be smart with locking
2545 * order for inodes. We rely on the fact that tree topology may change
2546 * only under ->s_vfs_rename_mutex _and_ that parent of the object we
2547 * move will be locked. Thus we can rank directories by the tree
2548 * (ancestors first) and rank all non-directories after them.
2549 * That works since everybody except rename does "lock parent, lookup,
2550 * lock child" and rename is under ->s_vfs_rename_mutex.
2551 * HOWEVER, it relies on the assumption that any object with ->lookup()
2552 * has no more than 1 dentry. If "hybrid" objects will ever appear,
2553 * we'd better make sure that there's no link(2) for them.
2554 * d) some filesystems don't support opened-but-unlinked directories,
2555 * either because of layout or because they are not ready to deal with
2556 * all cases correctly. The latter will be fixed (taking this sort of
2557 * stuff into VFS), but the former is not going away. Solution: the same
2558 * trick as in rmdir().
2559 * e) conversion from fhandle to dentry may come in the wrong moment - when
2560 * we are removing the target. Solution: we will have to grab ->i_mutex
2561 * in the fhandle_to_dentry code. [FIXME - current nfsfh.c relies on
2562 * ->i_mutex on parents, which works but leads to some truely excessive
2565 static int vfs_rename_dir(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
2566 struct inode *new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry)
2569 struct inode *target;
2572 * If we are going to change the parent - check write permissions,
2573 * we'll need to flip '..'.
2575 if (new_dir != old_dir) {
2576 error = inode_permission(old_dentry->d_inode, MAY_WRITE);
2581 error = security_inode_rename(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
2585 target = new_dentry->d_inode;
2587 mutex_lock(&target->i_mutex);
2588 dentry_unhash(new_dentry);
2590 if (d_mountpoint(old_dentry)||d_mountpoint(new_dentry))
2593 error = old_dir->i_op->rename(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
2596 target->i_flags |= S_DEAD;
2597 mutex_unlock(&target->i_mutex);
2598 if (d_unhashed(new_dentry))
2599 d_rehash(new_dentry);
2603 if (!(old_dir->i_sb->s_type->fs_flags & FS_RENAME_DOES_D_MOVE))
2604 d_move(old_dentry,new_dentry);
2608 static int vfs_rename_other(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
2609 struct inode *new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry)
2611 struct inode *target;
2614 error = security_inode_rename(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
2619 target = new_dentry->d_inode;
2621 mutex_lock(&target->i_mutex);
2622 if (d_mountpoint(old_dentry)||d_mountpoint(new_dentry))
2625 error = old_dir->i_op->rename(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
2628 target->i_flags |= S_DEAD;
2629 if (!(old_dir->i_sb->s_type->fs_flags & FS_RENAME_DOES_D_MOVE))
2630 d_move(old_dentry, new_dentry);
2633 mutex_unlock(&target->i_mutex);
2638 int vfs_rename(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
2639 struct inode *new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry)
2642 int is_dir = S_ISDIR(old_dentry->d_inode->i_mode);
2643 const char *old_name;
2645 if (old_dentry->d_inode == new_dentry->d_inode)
2648 error = may_delete(old_dir, old_dentry, is_dir);
2652 if (!new_dentry->d_inode)
2653 error = may_create(new_dir, new_dentry);
2655 error = may_delete(new_dir, new_dentry, is_dir);
2659 if (!old_dir->i_op->rename)
2662 vfs_dq_init(old_dir);
2663 vfs_dq_init(new_dir);
2665 old_name = fsnotify_oldname_init(old_dentry->d_name.name);
2668 error = vfs_rename_dir(old_dir,old_dentry,new_dir,new_dentry);
2670 error = vfs_rename_other(old_dir,old_dentry,new_dir,new_dentry);
2672 fsnotify_move(old_dir, new_dir, old_name, is_dir,
2673 new_dentry->d_inode, old_dentry);
2674 fsnotify_oldname_free(old_name);
2679 SYSCALL_DEFINE4(renameat, int, olddfd, const char __user *, oldname,
2680 int, newdfd, const char __user *, newname)
2682 struct dentry *old_dir, *new_dir;
2683 struct dentry *old_dentry, *new_dentry;
2684 struct dentry *trap;
2685 struct nameidata oldnd, newnd;
2690 error = user_path_parent(olddfd, oldname, &oldnd, &from);
2694 error = user_path_parent(newdfd, newname, &newnd, &to);
2699 if (oldnd.path.mnt != newnd.path.mnt)
2702 old_dir = oldnd.path.dentry;
2704 if (oldnd.last_type != LAST_NORM)
2707 new_dir = newnd.path.dentry;
2708 if (newnd.last_type != LAST_NORM)
2711 oldnd.flags &= ~LOOKUP_PARENT;
2712 newnd.flags &= ~LOOKUP_PARENT;
2713 newnd.flags |= LOOKUP_RENAME_TARGET;
2715 trap = lock_rename(new_dir, old_dir);
2717 old_dentry = lookup_hash(&oldnd);
2718 error = PTR_ERR(old_dentry);
2719 if (IS_ERR(old_dentry))
2721 /* source must exist */
2723 if (!old_dentry->d_inode)
2725 /* unless the source is a directory trailing slashes give -ENOTDIR */
2726 if (!S_ISDIR(old_dentry->d_inode->i_mode)) {
2728 if (oldnd.last.name[oldnd.last.len])
2730 if (newnd.last.name[newnd.last.len])
2733 /* source should not be ancestor of target */
2735 if (old_dentry == trap)
2737 new_dentry = lookup_hash(&newnd);
2738 error = PTR_ERR(new_dentry);
2739 if (IS_ERR(new_dentry))
2741 /* target should not be an ancestor of source */
2743 if (new_dentry == trap)
2746 error = mnt_want_write(oldnd.path.mnt);
2749 error = security_path_rename(&oldnd.path, old_dentry,
2750 &newnd.path, new_dentry);
2753 error = vfs_rename(old_dir->d_inode, old_dentry,
2754 new_dir->d_inode, new_dentry);
2756 mnt_drop_write(oldnd.path.mnt);
2762 unlock_rename(new_dir, old_dir);
2764 path_put(&newnd.path);
2767 path_put(&oldnd.path);
2773 SYSCALL_DEFINE2(rename, const char __user *, oldname, const char __user *, newname)
2775 return sys_renameat(AT_FDCWD, oldname, AT_FDCWD, newname);
2778 int vfs_readlink(struct dentry *dentry, char __user *buffer, int buflen, const char *link)
2782 len = PTR_ERR(link);
2787 if (len > (unsigned) buflen)
2789 if (copy_to_user(buffer, link, len))
2796 * A helper for ->readlink(). This should be used *ONLY* for symlinks that
2797 * have ->follow_link() touching nd only in nd_set_link(). Using (or not
2798 * using) it for any given inode is up to filesystem.
2800 int generic_readlink(struct dentry *dentry, char __user *buffer, int buflen)
2802 struct nameidata nd;
2807 cookie = dentry->d_inode->i_op->follow_link(dentry, &nd);
2809 return PTR_ERR(cookie);
2811 res = vfs_readlink(dentry, buffer, buflen, nd_get_link(&nd));
2812 if (dentry->d_inode->i_op->put_link)
2813 dentry->d_inode->i_op->put_link(dentry, &nd, cookie);
2817 int vfs_follow_link(struct nameidata *nd, const char *link)
2819 return __vfs_follow_link(nd, link);
2822 /* get the link contents into pagecache */
2823 static char *page_getlink(struct dentry * dentry, struct page **ppage)
2827 struct address_space *mapping = dentry->d_inode->i_mapping;
2828 page = read_mapping_page(mapping, 0, NULL);
2833 nd_terminate_link(kaddr, dentry->d_inode->i_size, PAGE_SIZE - 1);
2837 int page_readlink(struct dentry *dentry, char __user *buffer, int buflen)
2839 struct page *page = NULL;
2840 char *s = page_getlink(dentry, &page);
2841 int res = vfs_readlink(dentry,buffer,buflen,s);
2844 page_cache_release(page);
2849 void *page_follow_link_light(struct dentry *dentry, struct nameidata *nd)
2851 struct page *page = NULL;
2852 nd_set_link(nd, page_getlink(dentry, &page));
2856 void page_put_link(struct dentry *dentry, struct nameidata *nd, void *cookie)
2858 struct page *page = cookie;
2862 page_cache_release(page);
2867 * The nofs argument instructs pagecache_write_begin to pass AOP_FLAG_NOFS
2869 int __page_symlink(struct inode *inode, const char *symname, int len, int nofs)
2871 struct address_space *mapping = inode->i_mapping;
2876 unsigned int flags = AOP_FLAG_UNINTERRUPTIBLE;
2878 flags |= AOP_FLAG_NOFS;
2881 err = pagecache_write_begin(NULL, mapping, 0, len-1,
2882 flags, &page, &fsdata);
2886 kaddr = kmap_atomic(page, KM_USER0);
2887 memcpy(kaddr, symname, len-1);
2888 kunmap_atomic(kaddr, KM_USER0);
2890 err = pagecache_write_end(NULL, mapping, 0, len-1, len-1,
2897 mark_inode_dirty(inode);
2903 int page_symlink(struct inode *inode, const char *symname, int len)
2905 return __page_symlink(inode, symname, len,
2906 !(mapping_gfp_mask(inode->i_mapping) & __GFP_FS));
2909 const struct inode_operations page_symlink_inode_operations = {
2910 .readlink = generic_readlink,
2911 .follow_link = page_follow_link_light,
2912 .put_link = page_put_link,
2915 EXPORT_SYMBOL(user_path_at);
2916 EXPORT_SYMBOL(follow_down);
2917 EXPORT_SYMBOL(follow_up);
2918 EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_write_access); /* binfmt_aout */
2919 EXPORT_SYMBOL(getname);
2920 EXPORT_SYMBOL(lock_rename);
2921 EXPORT_SYMBOL(lookup_one_len);
2922 EXPORT_SYMBOL(page_follow_link_light);
2923 EXPORT_SYMBOL(page_put_link);
2924 EXPORT_SYMBOL(page_readlink);
2925 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__page_symlink);
2926 EXPORT_SYMBOL(page_symlink);
2927 EXPORT_SYMBOL(page_symlink_inode_operations);
2928 EXPORT_SYMBOL(path_lookup);
2929 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kern_path);
2930 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfs_path_lookup);
2931 EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_permission);
2932 EXPORT_SYMBOL(file_permission);
2933 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unlock_rename);
2934 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfs_create);
2935 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfs_follow_link);
2936 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfs_link);
2937 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfs_mkdir);
2938 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfs_mknod);
2939 EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_permission);
2940 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfs_readlink);
2941 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfs_rename);
2942 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfs_rmdir);
2943 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfs_symlink);
2944 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfs_unlink);
2945 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dentry_unhash);
2946 EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_readlink);