2 * Copyright (C) 1994-1998 Linus Torvalds & authors (see below)
3 * Copyright (C) 1998-2002 Linux ATA Development
4 * Andre Hedrick <andre@linux-ide.org>
5 * Copyright (C) 2003 Red Hat
6 * Copyright (C) 2003-2005, 2007 Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz
10 * Mostly written by Mark Lord <mlord@pobox.com>
11 * and Gadi Oxman <gadio@netvision.net.il>
12 * and Andre Hedrick <andre@linux-ide.org>
14 * This is the IDE/ATA disk driver, as evolved from hd.c and ide.c.
17 #include <linux/types.h>
18 #include <linux/string.h>
19 #include <linux/kernel.h>
20 #include <linux/timer.h>
22 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
23 #include <linux/major.h>
24 #include <linux/errno.h>
25 #include <linux/genhd.h>
26 #include <linux/slab.h>
27 #include <linux/delay.h>
28 #include <linux/mutex.h>
29 #include <linux/leds.h>
30 #include <linux/ide.h>
31 #include <linux/hdreg.h>
33 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
35 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
37 #include <asm/div64.h>
41 static const u8 ide_rw_cmds[] = {
44 ATA_CMD_READ_MULTI_EXT,
45 ATA_CMD_WRITE_MULTI_EXT,
49 ATA_CMD_PIO_WRITE_EXT,
56 static const u8 ide_data_phases[] = {
65 static void ide_tf_set_cmd(ide_drive_t *drive, struct ide_cmd *cmd, u8 dma)
67 u8 index, lba48, write;
69 lba48 = (cmd->tf_flags & IDE_TFLAG_LBA48) ? 2 : 0;
70 write = (cmd->tf_flags & IDE_TFLAG_WRITE) ? 1 : 0;
75 index = drive->mult_count ? 0 : 4;
77 cmd->tf.command = ide_rw_cmds[index + lba48 + write];
80 index = 8; /* fixup index */
82 cmd->data_phase = ide_data_phases[index / 2 + write];
86 * __ide_do_rw_disk() issues READ and WRITE commands to a disk,
87 * using LBA if supported, or CHS otherwise, to address sectors.
89 static ide_startstop_t __ide_do_rw_disk(ide_drive_t *drive, struct request *rq,
92 ide_hwif_t *hwif = drive->hwif;
93 u16 nsectors = (u16)rq->nr_sectors;
94 u8 lba48 = !!(drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48);
95 u8 dma = !!(drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_USING_DMA);
97 struct ide_taskfile *tf = &cmd.tf;
100 if ((hwif->host_flags & IDE_HFLAG_NO_LBA48_DMA) && lba48 && dma) {
101 if (block + rq->nr_sectors > 1ULL << 28)
107 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
108 cmd.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
111 ide_init_sg_cmd(&cmd, nsectors);
112 ide_map_sg(drive, rq);
115 if (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA) {
117 pr_debug("%s: LBA=0x%012llx\n", drive->name,
118 (unsigned long long)block);
120 tf->hob_nsect = (nsectors >> 8) & 0xff;
121 tf->hob_lbal = (u8)(block >> 24);
122 if (sizeof(block) != 4) {
123 tf->hob_lbam = (u8)((u64)block >> 32);
124 tf->hob_lbah = (u8)((u64)block >> 40);
127 tf->nsect = nsectors & 0xff;
128 tf->lbal = (u8) block;
129 tf->lbam = (u8)(block >> 8);
130 tf->lbah = (u8)(block >> 16);
132 cmd.tf_flags |= (IDE_TFLAG_LBA48 | IDE_TFLAG_HOB);
134 tf->nsect = nsectors & 0xff;
136 tf->lbam = block >>= 8;
137 tf->lbah = block >>= 8;
138 tf->device = (block >> 8) & 0xf;
141 tf->device |= ATA_LBA;
143 unsigned int sect, head, cyl, track;
145 track = (int)block / drive->sect;
146 sect = (int)block % drive->sect + 1;
147 head = track % drive->head;
148 cyl = track / drive->head;
150 pr_debug("%s: CHS=%u/%u/%u\n", drive->name, cyl, head, sect);
152 tf->nsect = nsectors & 0xff;
159 cmd.tf_flags |= IDE_TFLAG_FS;
162 cmd.tf_flags |= IDE_TFLAG_WRITE;
164 ide_tf_set_cmd(drive, &cmd, dma);
167 rc = do_rw_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
169 if (rc == ide_stopped && dma) {
170 /* fallback to PIO */
171 cmd.tf_flags |= IDE_TFLAG_DMA_PIO_FALLBACK;
172 ide_tf_set_cmd(drive, &cmd, 0);
173 ide_init_sg_cmd(&cmd, nsectors);
174 rc = do_rw_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
181 * 268435455 == 137439 MB or 28bit limit
182 * 320173056 == 163929 MB or 48bit addressing
183 * 1073741822 == 549756 MB or 48bit addressing fake drive
186 static ide_startstop_t ide_do_rw_disk(ide_drive_t *drive, struct request *rq,
189 ide_hwif_t *hwif = drive->hwif;
191 BUG_ON(drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_BLOCKED);
193 if (!blk_fs_request(rq)) {
194 blk_dump_rq_flags(rq, "ide_do_rw_disk - bad command");
195 ide_end_request(drive, 0, 0);
199 ledtrig_ide_activity();
201 pr_debug("%s: %sing: block=%llu, sectors=%lu, buffer=0x%08lx\n",
202 drive->name, rq_data_dir(rq) == READ ? "read" : "writ",
203 (unsigned long long)block, rq->nr_sectors,
204 (unsigned long)rq->buffer);
207 hwif->rw_disk(drive, rq);
209 return __ide_do_rw_disk(drive, rq, block);
213 * Queries for true maximum capacity of the drive.
214 * Returns maximum LBA address (> 0) of the drive, 0 if failed.
216 static u64 idedisk_read_native_max_address(ide_drive_t *drive, int lba48)
219 struct ide_taskfile *tf = &cmd.tf;
222 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
224 tf->command = ATA_CMD_READ_NATIVE_MAX_EXT;
226 tf->command = ATA_CMD_READ_NATIVE_MAX;
227 tf->device = ATA_LBA;
229 cmd.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
231 cmd.tf_flags |= (IDE_TFLAG_LBA48 | IDE_TFLAG_HOB);
233 ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
235 /* if OK, compute maximum address value */
236 if ((tf->status & 0x01) == 0)
237 addr = ide_get_lba_addr(tf, lba48) + 1;
243 * Sets maximum virtual LBA address of the drive.
244 * Returns new maximum virtual LBA address (> 0) or 0 on failure.
246 static u64 idedisk_set_max_address(ide_drive_t *drive, u64 addr_req, int lba48)
249 struct ide_taskfile *tf = &cmd.tf;
254 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
255 tf->lbal = (addr_req >> 0) & 0xff;
256 tf->lbam = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
257 tf->lbah = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
259 tf->hob_lbal = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
260 tf->hob_lbam = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
261 tf->hob_lbah = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0xff;
262 tf->command = ATA_CMD_SET_MAX_EXT;
264 tf->device = (addr_req >>= 8) & 0x0f;
265 tf->command = ATA_CMD_SET_MAX;
267 tf->device |= ATA_LBA;
269 cmd.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
271 cmd.tf_flags |= (IDE_TFLAG_LBA48 | IDE_TFLAG_HOB);
273 ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
275 /* if OK, compute maximum address value */
276 if ((tf->status & 0x01) == 0)
277 addr_set = ide_get_lba_addr(tf, lba48) + 1;
282 static unsigned long long sectors_to_MB(unsigned long long n)
284 n <<= 9; /* make it bytes */
285 do_div(n, 1000000); /* make it MB */
290 * Some disks report total number of sectors instead of
291 * maximum sector address. We list them here.
293 static const struct drive_list_entry hpa_list[] = {
294 { "ST340823A", NULL },
295 { "ST320413A", NULL },
296 { "ST310211A", NULL },
300 static void idedisk_check_hpa(ide_drive_t *drive)
302 unsigned long long capacity, set_max;
303 int lba48 = ata_id_lba48_enabled(drive->id);
305 capacity = drive->capacity64;
307 set_max = idedisk_read_native_max_address(drive, lba48);
309 if (ide_in_drive_list(drive->id, hpa_list)) {
311 * Since we are inclusive wrt to firmware revisions do this
312 * extra check and apply the workaround only when needed.
314 if (set_max == capacity + 1)
318 if (set_max <= capacity)
321 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: Host Protected Area detected.\n"
322 "\tcurrent capacity is %llu sectors (%llu MB)\n"
323 "\tnative capacity is %llu sectors (%llu MB)\n",
325 capacity, sectors_to_MB(capacity),
326 set_max, sectors_to_MB(set_max));
328 set_max = idedisk_set_max_address(drive, set_max, lba48);
331 drive->capacity64 = set_max;
332 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: Host Protected Area disabled.\n",
337 static int ide_disk_get_capacity(ide_drive_t *drive)
342 if (ata_id_lba48_enabled(id)) {
343 /* drive speaks 48-bit LBA */
345 drive->capacity64 = ata_id_u64(id, ATA_ID_LBA_CAPACITY_2);
346 } else if (ata_id_has_lba(id) && ata_id_is_lba_capacity_ok(id)) {
347 /* drive speaks 28-bit LBA */
349 drive->capacity64 = ata_id_u32(id, ATA_ID_LBA_CAPACITY);
351 /* drive speaks boring old 28-bit CHS */
353 drive->capacity64 = drive->cyl * drive->head * drive->sect;
357 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_LBA;
360 * If this device supports the Host Protected Area feature set,
361 * then we may need to change our opinion about its capacity.
363 if (ata_id_hpa_enabled(id))
364 idedisk_check_hpa(drive);
367 /* limit drive capacity to 137GB if LBA48 cannot be used */
368 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48) == 0 &&
369 drive->capacity64 > 1ULL << 28) {
370 printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: cannot use LBA48 - full capacity "
371 "%llu sectors (%llu MB)\n",
372 drive->name, (unsigned long long)drive->capacity64,
373 sectors_to_MB(drive->capacity64));
374 drive->capacity64 = 1ULL << 28;
377 if ((drive->hwif->host_flags & IDE_HFLAG_NO_LBA48_DMA) &&
378 (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48)) {
379 if (drive->capacity64 > 1ULL << 28) {
380 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: cannot use LBA48 DMA - PIO mode"
381 " will be used for accessing sectors "
382 "> %u\n", drive->name, 1 << 28);
384 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_LBA48;
390 static void idedisk_prepare_flush(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
392 ide_drive_t *drive = q->queuedata;
393 struct ide_cmd *cmd = kmalloc(sizeof(*cmd), GFP_ATOMIC);
395 /* FIXME: map struct ide_taskfile on rq->cmd[] */
398 memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(*cmd));
399 if (ata_id_flush_ext_enabled(drive->id) &&
400 (drive->capacity64 >= (1UL << 28)))
401 cmd->tf.command = ATA_CMD_FLUSH_EXT;
403 cmd->tf.command = ATA_CMD_FLUSH;
404 cmd->tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_OUT_TF | IDE_TFLAG_OUT_DEVICE |
406 cmd->data_phase = TASKFILE_NO_DATA;
408 rq->cmd_type = REQ_TYPE_ATA_TASKFILE;
409 rq->cmd_flags |= REQ_SOFTBARRIER;
413 ide_devset_get(multcount, mult_count);
416 * This is tightly woven into the driver->do_special can not touch.
417 * DON'T do it again until a total personality rewrite is committed.
419 static int set_multcount(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
424 if (arg < 0 || arg > (drive->id[ATA_ID_MAX_MULTSECT] & 0xff))
427 if (drive->special.b.set_multmode)
430 rq = blk_get_request(drive->queue, READ, __GFP_WAIT);
431 rq->cmd_type = REQ_TYPE_ATA_TASKFILE;
433 drive->mult_req = arg;
434 drive->special.b.set_multmode = 1;
435 error = blk_execute_rq(drive->queue, NULL, rq, 0);
438 return (drive->mult_count == arg) ? 0 : -EIO;
441 ide_devset_get_flag(nowerr, IDE_DFLAG_NOWERR);
443 static int set_nowerr(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
445 if (arg < 0 || arg > 1)
449 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_NOWERR;
451 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_NOWERR;
453 drive->bad_wstat = arg ? BAD_R_STAT : BAD_W_STAT;
458 static int ide_do_setfeature(ide_drive_t *drive, u8 feature, u8 nsect)
462 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
463 cmd.tf.feature = feature;
464 cmd.tf.nsect = nsect;
465 cmd.tf.command = ATA_CMD_SET_FEATURES;
466 cmd.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
468 return ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
471 static void update_ordered(ide_drive_t *drive)
474 unsigned ordered = QUEUE_ORDERED_NONE;
475 prepare_flush_fn *prep_fn = NULL;
477 if (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE) {
478 unsigned long long capacity;
481 * We must avoid issuing commands a drive does not
482 * understand or we may crash it. We check flush cache
483 * is supported. We also check we have the LBA48 flush
484 * cache if the drive capacity is too large. By this
485 * time we have trimmed the drive capacity if LBA48 is
486 * not available so we don't need to recheck that.
488 capacity = ide_gd_capacity(drive);
489 barrier = ata_id_flush_enabled(id) &&
490 (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_NOFLUSH) == 0 &&
491 ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48) == 0 ||
492 capacity <= (1ULL << 28) ||
493 ata_id_flush_ext_enabled(id));
495 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: cache flushes %ssupported\n",
496 drive->name, barrier ? "" : "not ");
499 ordered = QUEUE_ORDERED_DRAIN_FLUSH;
500 prep_fn = idedisk_prepare_flush;
503 ordered = QUEUE_ORDERED_DRAIN;
505 blk_queue_ordered(drive->queue, ordered, prep_fn);
508 ide_devset_get_flag(wcache, IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE);
510 static int set_wcache(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
514 if (arg < 0 || arg > 1)
517 if (ata_id_flush_enabled(drive->id)) {
518 err = ide_do_setfeature(drive,
519 arg ? SETFEATURES_WC_ON : SETFEATURES_WC_OFF, 0);
522 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE;
524 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE;
528 update_ordered(drive);
533 static int do_idedisk_flushcache(ide_drive_t *drive)
537 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
538 if (ata_id_flush_ext_enabled(drive->id))
539 cmd.tf.command = ATA_CMD_FLUSH_EXT;
541 cmd.tf.command = ATA_CMD_FLUSH;
542 cmd.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
544 return ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
547 ide_devset_get(acoustic, acoustic);
549 static int set_acoustic(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
551 if (arg < 0 || arg > 254)
554 ide_do_setfeature(drive,
555 arg ? SETFEATURES_AAM_ON : SETFEATURES_AAM_OFF, arg);
557 drive->acoustic = arg;
562 ide_devset_get_flag(addressing, IDE_DFLAG_LBA48);
568 * 2: 48-bit capable doing 28-bit
570 static int set_addressing(ide_drive_t *drive, int arg)
572 if (arg < 0 || arg > 2)
575 if (arg && ((drive->hwif->host_flags & IDE_HFLAG_NO_LBA48) ||
576 ata_id_lba48_enabled(drive->id) == 0))
583 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_LBA48;
585 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_LBA48;
590 ide_ext_devset_rw(acoustic, acoustic);
591 ide_ext_devset_rw(address, addressing);
592 ide_ext_devset_rw(multcount, multcount);
593 ide_ext_devset_rw(wcache, wcache);
595 ide_ext_devset_rw_sync(nowerr, nowerr);
597 static int ide_disk_check(ide_drive_t *drive, const char *s)
602 static void ide_disk_setup(ide_drive_t *drive)
604 struct ide_disk_obj *idkp = drive->driver_data;
605 struct request_queue *q = drive->queue;
606 ide_hwif_t *hwif = drive->hwif;
608 char *m = (char *)&id[ATA_ID_PROD];
609 unsigned long long capacity;
611 ide_proc_register_driver(drive, idkp->driver);
613 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_ID_READ) == 0)
616 if (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_REMOVABLE) {
618 * Removable disks (eg. SYQUEST); ignore 'WD' drives
620 if (m[0] != 'W' || m[1] != 'D')
621 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_DOORLOCKING;
624 (void)set_addressing(drive, 1);
626 if (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA48) {
629 if (max_s > hwif->rqsize)
630 max_s = hwif->rqsize;
632 blk_queue_max_sectors(q, max_s);
635 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: max request size: %dKiB\n", drive->name,
638 if (ata_id_is_ssd(id))
639 queue_flag_set_unlocked(QUEUE_FLAG_NONROT, q);
641 /* calculate drive capacity, and select LBA if possible */
642 ide_disk_get_capacity(drive);
645 * if possible, give fdisk access to more of the drive,
646 * by correcting bios_cyls:
648 capacity = ide_gd_capacity(drive);
650 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_FORCED_GEOM) == 0) {
651 if (ata_id_lba48_enabled(drive->id)) {
653 drive->bios_sect = 63;
654 drive->bios_head = 255;
657 if (drive->bios_sect && drive->bios_head) {
658 unsigned int cap0 = capacity; /* truncate to 32 bits */
659 unsigned int cylsz, cyl;
661 if (cap0 != capacity)
662 drive->bios_cyl = 65535;
664 cylsz = drive->bios_sect * drive->bios_head;
668 if (cyl > drive->bios_cyl)
669 drive->bios_cyl = cyl;
673 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: %llu sectors (%llu MB)",
674 drive->name, capacity, sectors_to_MB(capacity));
676 /* Only print cache size when it was specified */
677 if (id[ATA_ID_BUF_SIZE])
678 printk(KERN_CONT " w/%dKiB Cache", id[ATA_ID_BUF_SIZE] / 2);
680 printk(KERN_CONT ", CHS=%d/%d/%d\n",
681 drive->bios_cyl, drive->bios_head, drive->bios_sect);
683 /* write cache enabled? */
684 if ((id[ATA_ID_CSFO] & 1) || ata_id_wcache_enabled(id))
685 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE;
687 set_wcache(drive, 1);
689 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_LBA) == 0 &&
690 (drive->head == 0 || drive->head > 16)) {
691 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: invalid geometry: %d physical heads?\n",
692 drive->name, drive->head);
693 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_ATTACH;
695 drive->dev_flags |= IDE_DFLAG_ATTACH;
698 static void ide_disk_flush(ide_drive_t *drive)
700 if (ata_id_flush_enabled(drive->id) == 0 ||
701 (drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_WCACHE) == 0)
704 if (do_idedisk_flushcache(drive))
705 printk(KERN_INFO "%s: wcache flush failed!\n", drive->name);
708 static int ide_disk_init_media(ide_drive_t *drive, struct gendisk *disk)
713 static int ide_disk_set_doorlock(ide_drive_t *drive, struct gendisk *disk,
719 if ((drive->dev_flags & IDE_DFLAG_DOORLOCKING) == 0)
722 memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
723 cmd.tf.command = on ? ATA_CMD_MEDIA_LOCK : ATA_CMD_MEDIA_UNLOCK;
724 cmd.tf_flags = IDE_TFLAG_TF | IDE_TFLAG_DEVICE;
726 ret = ide_no_data_taskfile(drive, &cmd);
729 drive->dev_flags &= ~IDE_DFLAG_DOORLOCKING;
734 const struct ide_disk_ops ide_ata_disk_ops = {
735 .check = ide_disk_check,
736 .get_capacity = ide_disk_get_capacity,
737 .setup = ide_disk_setup,
738 .flush = ide_disk_flush,
739 .init_media = ide_disk_init_media,
740 .set_doorlock = ide_disk_set_doorlock,
741 .do_request = ide_do_rw_disk,
742 .ioctl = ide_disk_ioctl,