2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
3 ==========================================
10 To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
11 primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
12 you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
14 Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
15 PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
17 If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
18 SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
19 (CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
21 To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
22 and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
23 too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
25 Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
26 (if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
33 This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
34 script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a
35 script named 'snddevices'.
41 The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
42 one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
43 specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
45 Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
50 The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
51 It takes the following options which have global effects.
53 major - major number for sound driver
56 - limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
58 - For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
59 option together with snd-card-X aliases.
61 - permission mask for dynamic sound device filesystem
62 - This is available only when DEVFS is enabled
64 - E.g.: device_mode=0660
70 The PCM OSS emulation module.
71 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
73 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
75 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
78 - Don't block opening busy PCM devices.
80 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
81 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
82 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
83 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
84 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
86 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
87 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
88 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
89 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
94 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
95 similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
97 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
99 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
102 Common parameters for top sound card modules
103 --------------------------------------------
105 Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
107 index - index (slot #) of sound card
108 - Values: 0 through 7 or negative
109 - If nonnegative, assign that index number
110 - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
111 indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
113 id - card ID (identifier or name)
114 - Can be up to 15 characters long
115 - Default: the card type
116 - A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
117 containing information about the card
118 - This ID can be used instead of the index number in
121 - Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
126 Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
128 port - port # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
129 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
130 fm_port - port # for OPL3 (PnP setup)
131 irq - IRQ # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
132 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
133 dma1 - first DMA # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
134 dma2 - second DMA # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
136 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and PnP.
141 Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
143 port - port # for AD1848 chip
144 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
145 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
147 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
148 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
153 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
155 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
156 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O
159 Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
161 The power-management is supported.
166 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
168 port - port # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
169 irq - IRQ # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
170 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
171 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
172 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
173 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
174 fm_port - port # for OPL3 FM (PnP setup)
176 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and PnP.
181 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
183 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
184 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
186 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and PnP.
191 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 controllers.
193 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (defalut = 48000)
194 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
195 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
196 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
198 This module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
200 Module snd-atiixp-modem
201 -----------------------
203 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
205 Module supports up to 8 cards.
207 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
210 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
211 -----------------------------------------
213 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
215 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
216 0 = Disable all workarounds
217 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
218 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
219 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
220 3 = Force both settings
221 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
223 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
224 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
225 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
226 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
227 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
228 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
229 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
232 Note: Some ALSA mixer applicactions don't handle the SPDIF samplerate
233 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
234 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
239 Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
241 port - port # for AZT2320 chip (PnP setup)
242 wss_port - port # for WSS (PnP setup)
243 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
244 fm_port - FM port # for AZT2320 chip (PnP setup)
245 irq - IRQ # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
246 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
247 dma1 - 1st DMA # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
248 dma2 - 2nd DMA # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
250 Module supports up to 8 cards, PnP and autoprobe.
255 Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
257 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
259 Module supports up to 8 cards.
264 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
266 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
267 load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
269 Module supports up to 8 cards.
271 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
277 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
279 Module supports up to 8 cards.
285 Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
287 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
288 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
289 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
290 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
291 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
292 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
293 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
295 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
300 Module for C-Media CMI8338 and 8738 PCI sound cards.
302 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, 0 = disable (default)
303 fm_port - 0x388 (default), 0 = disable (default)
304 soft_ac3 - Sofware-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
306 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
308 Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
313 Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
315 port - port # for CS4231 chip
316 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
317 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
318 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
319 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
320 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
322 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
323 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
325 The power-management is supported.
330 Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A ISA chips.
332 port - port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
333 cport - control port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
334 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
335 fm_port - FM port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
336 irq - IRQ # for CS4232 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
337 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
338 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4232 chip (0,1,3)
339 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha CS4232 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
340 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
342 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
343 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
345 The power-management is supported.
350 Module for sound cards based on CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
351 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
353 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
354 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
355 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
356 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
357 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
358 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
359 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
360 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
361 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
363 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
364 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
365 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
367 The power-management is supported.
372 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
374 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
376 Module supports up to 8 cards.
378 The power-management is supported.
383 Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
384 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
386 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifer.
387 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
388 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
390 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
391 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
392 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
395 The power-management is supported.
400 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
403 port - Port # (PnP setup)
404 mpu_port - Port # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
405 fm_port - Port # for FM OPL-3 (PnP setup)
406 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
407 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
408 dma8 - DMA # (PnP setup)
410 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module is enabled only with
416 Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
417 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
418 requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
423 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
424 * Sound Blaster Live!
425 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
426 * Emu APS (partially supported)
427 * Sound Blaster Audigy
429 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
430 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
431 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
432 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
433 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
434 given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
435 enable_ir - enable IR
437 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
439 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
440 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
441 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
442 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
443 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
444 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
445 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
446 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
447 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
448 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
449 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
450 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
451 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
456 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
458 Module supports up to 8 cards.
463 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
464 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
465 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
467 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
469 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
474 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
475 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
476 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
477 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
479 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
480 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
482 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
487 Module for sound cards based on ESS ES968 chip (PnP only).
489 port - port # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
490 irq - IRQ # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
491 dma1 - DMA # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
493 Module supports up to 8 cards, PnP and autoprobe.
498 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
500 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
501 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
502 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
503 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
504 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
506 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
511 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
513 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
514 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
515 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
516 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
517 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
518 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
519 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
521 Module supports up to 8 cards ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port
522 if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
523 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
525 The power-management is supported.
530 Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
532 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
537 Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
539 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
540 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
541 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
542 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
543 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
545 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
546 joystick - enable joystick (default off)
548 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
550 The power-management is supported.
555 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
557 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
558 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
559 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
560 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
561 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
562 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
564 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
566 Module snd-gusclassic
567 ---------------------
569 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
571 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
572 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
573 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
574 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
575 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
576 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
577 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
579 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
581 Module snd-gusextreme
582 ---------------------
584 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
586 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
587 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
588 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
589 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
590 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
591 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
592 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
593 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
594 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
595 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
596 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
598 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
603 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
605 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
606 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
607 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
608 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
609 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
610 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
611 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
613 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
618 Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ICH7), ATI SB450
620 model - force the model name
621 position_fix - Fix DMA pointer (0 = FIFO size, 1 = none, 2 = POSBUF)
623 Module supports up to 8 cards.
625 Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
626 If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
627 configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to
628 specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
629 models depending on the codec chip.
631 Model name Description
632 ---------- -----------
634 3stack 3-jack in back and a headphone out
635 3stack-digout 3-jack in back, a HP out and a SPDIF out
636 5stack 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front
637 5stack-digout 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front, a SPDIF out
639 z71v 3-jack (HP shared SPDIF)
642 minimal 3-jack in back
643 min_fp 3-jack in back, 2-jack in front
644 full 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front
645 full_dig 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front, SPDIF I/O
646 allout 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front, SPDIF out
648 Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
649 position_fix=1 or 2. position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB
650 register value without FIFO size correction as the current
651 DMA pointer. position_fix=2 will make the driver to use
652 the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
653 (Usually SD_LPLIB register is more accurate than the
659 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
661 Module supports up to 8 cards.
663 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
664 when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
665 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
667 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
669 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
670 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
671 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
672 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
673 stage of boot sequence.
678 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
679 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
680 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
681 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
682 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
683 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
684 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
685 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
690 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
691 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
692 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
695 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
696 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
697 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
698 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8
699 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
700 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transciever)
701 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
703 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
704 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
710 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724) based PCI sound cards.
711 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
713 * TerraTec Aureon Sky-5.1, Space-7.1
715 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
716 revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, aureon51, aureon71,
719 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
724 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
725 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
727 * NVidia NForce, NForce2
728 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
731 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
732 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
733 The following strings are accepted:
734 default = don't override the default setting
735 disable = disable the quirk
736 hp_only = use headphone control as master
737 swap_hp = swap headphone and master controls
738 swap_surround = swap master and surround controls
739 ad_sharing = for AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
740 alc_jack = for ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
741 inv_eapd = inverted EAPD implementation
742 mute_led = bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
743 For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer
744 value -1, 0, ... are accepted, too.
745 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
746 motherboards (default off)
748 Module supports autoprobe and multiple bus-master chips (max 8).
750 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
751 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
752 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
754 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
755 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
756 modules, respectively.
758 The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround
759 for specific devices. Some hardware have swapped output pins
760 between Master and Headphone, or Surround. The driver provides
761 the auto-detection of known problematic devices, but some might
762 be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass the proper
763 value with this option.
765 The power-management is supported.
770 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
772 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
774 This module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
776 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
782 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
783 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
785 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
786 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
787 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
788 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
789 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
790 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
791 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
792 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
795 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
797 Module snd-interwave-stb
798 ------------------------
800 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
801 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
802 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
804 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
805 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
806 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
807 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
808 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
809 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
810 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
811 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
812 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
815 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
820 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
822 Module supports up to 8 cards.
827 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
829 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
830 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
831 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
834 Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
836 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
837 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
838 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
839 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
842 The power-management is supported.
847 Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
849 Module supports multiple cards.
850 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
851 See MIXART.txt for details.
853 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
854 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
855 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
856 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
857 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
862 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
864 port - port number or -1 (disable)
865 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
866 pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
868 Module supports multiple devices (max 8) and PnP.
873 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
876 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
877 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
878 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
880 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
885 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
887 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
888 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
889 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
890 buffer_top - specify buffer top address
891 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
892 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
893 reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
895 Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
897 The power-management is supported.
899 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
900 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
901 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicity via
904 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
905 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
906 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
907 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
908 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
911 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
912 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
913 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
914 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
915 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
916 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to speicfy isapnp=0
917 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
919 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
920 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
921 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
922 hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
924 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
925 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
926 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
927 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
928 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
929 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
935 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
937 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
938 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
939 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
940 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
941 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
942 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
943 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
944 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
945 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
947 Module supports up to 8 cards and ISA PnP. This module does not support
948 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
950 The power-management is supported.
952 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
953 -------------------------
955 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
956 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
958 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
959 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
960 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
961 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
962 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
963 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
965 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
967 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
968 -------------------------
970 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
972 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
973 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
974 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
975 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
976 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
977 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
978 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
980 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
985 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
987 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
988 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
989 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
990 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
991 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
992 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
993 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
995 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
997 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
998 ---------------------------------
1000 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1002 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1004 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1006 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianess.
1008 The power-management is supported.
1013 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
1014 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1016 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1021 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1023 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1028 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1030 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
1033 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1035 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1036 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1037 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
1038 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1039 stage of boot sequence.
1041 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1042 ---------------------------------------
1044 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1046 Module supports only one card.
1047 Module has no enable and index options.
1052 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
1056 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1057 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1058 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1060 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
1062 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1063 -----------------------------
1065 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1066 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
1067 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1069 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1070 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1071 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
1072 (snd-sbawe module only)
1073 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1074 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1075 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1076 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1077 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1078 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1080 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1082 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1083 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1084 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1085 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1091 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy sound card.
1093 sbport - Port # for SB16 interface (0x220,0x240)
1094 wssport - Port # for WSS interface (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1095 irq - IRQ # (7,9,10,11)
1098 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1103 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape PnP cards.
1105 port - Port # (PnP setup)
1106 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
1107 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
1108 dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
1110 Module supports up to 8 cards. ISA PnP must be enabled.
1111 You need sscape_ctl tool in alsa-tools package for loading
1114 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
1115 --------------------------------------
1117 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1119 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1121 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
1122 -------------------------------------
1124 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1126 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1128 Module snd-wavefront
1129 --------------------
1131 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
1133 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1134 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
1135 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
1136 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
1137 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
1138 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
1139 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
1140 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
1141 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
1142 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1143 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1144 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1146 Module supports up to 8 cards and ISA PnP.
1148 Module snd-sonicvibes
1149 ---------------------
1151 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
1152 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
1154 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1155 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
1156 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1158 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
1160 Module snd-serial-u16550
1161 ------------------------
1163 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
1165 port - port # for UART16550A chip
1166 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
1167 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
1169 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
1171 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1173 adaptor - Type of adaptor.
1174 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
1175 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
1177 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
1178 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
1183 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
1184 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
1186 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
1189 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
1190 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
1191 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
1193 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
1194 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
1196 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
1198 The power-management is supported.
1200 Module snd-usb-audio
1201 --------------------
1203 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
1205 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
1206 pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
1208 This module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1210 Module snd-usb-usx2y
1211 --------------------
1213 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
1215 This module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1217 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
1218 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
1223 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
1224 8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
1226 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
1228 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
1229 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1230 dxs_support - support DXS channels,
1231 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
1232 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample
1233 rate and different sample rates on different
1235 [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
1236 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1237 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
1239 Module supports autoprobe and multiple bus-master chips (max 8).
1241 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
1242 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
1243 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
1244 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
1245 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
1247 Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
1248 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
1249 streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
1250 can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
1252 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
1253 except for the known devices since the output is often
1254 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
1256 Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other
1257 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
1258 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
1260 If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=1; if it
1261 doesn't work too, try dxs_support=4. If it still doesn't
1262 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
1263 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
1264 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
1265 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
1266 subsystem vendor/device ids.
1268 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
1269 additonally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
1271 Module snd-via82xx-modem
1272 ------------------------
1274 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
1276 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1278 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1280 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1286 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
1287 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
1288 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
1290 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-8, default=4)
1292 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1297 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
1299 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
1300 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1302 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1304 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1305 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1306 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1307 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1308 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
1309 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.conf
1311 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
1313 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
1314 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
1315 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
1316 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
1317 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
1318 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
1319 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
1324 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 PCMCIA card.
1326 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1328 Module supports up to 8 cards. The module is compiled only when
1329 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
1331 To activate the driver via the card manager, you'll need to set
1332 up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c.
1334 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1335 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1336 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1337 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1338 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1340 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
1342 Note: the driver is build only when CONFIG_ISA is set.
1347 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket 440 PCMCIA card.
1349 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1351 Module supports up to 8 cards. The module is compiled only when
1352 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
1354 To activate the driver via the card manager, you'll need to set
1355 up /etc/pcmcia/vxp440.conf. See the sound/pcmcia/vx/vxp440.c.
1357 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1358 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1359 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1360 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1361 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1363 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
1365 Note: the driver is build only when CONFIG_ISA is set.
1370 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
1372 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
1373 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
1374 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
1375 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
1376 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
1378 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
1380 Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
1382 The power-management is supported.
1384 Module snd-pdaudiocf
1385 --------------------
1387 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
1389 Note: the driver is build only when CONFIG_ISA is set.
1392 Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
1393 ============================
1395 When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
1396 supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
1397 If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
1398 For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
1399 together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
1401 When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
1402 will be not built in.
1405 Module Autoloading Support
1406 ==========================
1408 The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
1409 module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
1410 devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
1412 To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
1413 'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
1414 corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
1415 as the the same card module.
1417 An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
1418 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1419 alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
1420 alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
1421 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1423 The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
1424 option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
1425 To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
1426 sound cards in that option.
1428 When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
1429 number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
1430 cards is kept consistent.
1432 An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
1434 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1436 options snd cards_limit=2
1437 alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
1438 alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
1439 options snd-interwave index=0
1440 options snd-ens1371 index=1
1442 alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
1443 alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
1444 ----- /etc/moprobe.conf
1446 In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
1447 (index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
1450 ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
1451 =======================================
1453 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
1454 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
1455 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
1456 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
1457 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
1458 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
1459 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
1460 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
1461 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
1463 The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
1464 sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
1465 have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
1466 playback, respectively.
1468 Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
1469 options of snd-pcm-oss module.
1475 The ALSA driver fully supports the devfs extension.
1476 You should add lines below to your devfsd.conf file:
1478 LOOKUP snd MODLOAD ACTION snd
1479 REGISTER ^sound/.* PERMISSIONS root.audio 660
1480 REGISTER ^snd/.* PERMISSIONS root.audio 660
1482 Warning: These lines assume that you have the audio group in your system.
1483 Otherwise replace audio word with another group name (root for
1487 Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
1488 ==============================
1490 /proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
1491 -------------------------------
1492 String "erase" - erase all additional informations about OSS applications
1493 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
1495 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
1496 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
1497 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
1498 <options> - optional parameters
1499 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
1500 this channel but does not want to use it.
1501 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
1502 It's good for Quake etc...
1503 - direct don't use plugins
1504 - block force block mode (rvplayer)
1505 - non-block force non-block mode
1506 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
1508 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
1510 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
1511 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
1512 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
1518 ALSA project homepage
1519 http://www.alsa-project.org
git://ftp.safe.ca / safe / jmp / linux-2.6 / blob