2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
3 ==========================================
10 To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
11 primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
12 you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
14 Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
15 PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
17 If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
18 SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
19 (CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
21 To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
22 and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
23 too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
25 Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
26 (if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
33 This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
34 script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a
35 script named 'snddevices'.
41 The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
42 one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
43 specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
45 Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
50 The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
51 It takes the following options which have global effects.
53 major - major number for sound driver
56 - limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
58 - For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
59 option together with snd-card-X aliases.
60 slots - Reserve the slot index for the given driver.
61 This option takes multiple strings.
62 See "Module Autoloading Support" section for details.
67 The PCM OSS emulation module.
68 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
70 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
72 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
75 - Don't block opening busy PCM devices. Default: 1
77 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
78 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
79 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
80 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
81 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
83 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
84 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
85 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
86 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
91 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
92 similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
94 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
96 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
99 Common parameters for top sound card modules
100 --------------------------------------------
102 Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
104 index - index (slot #) of sound card
105 - Values: 0 through 31 or negative
106 - If nonnegative, assign that index number
107 - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
108 indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
110 id - card ID (identifier or name)
111 - Can be up to 15 characters long
112 - Default: the card type
113 - A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
114 containing information about the card
115 - This ID can be used instead of the index number in
118 - Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
123 Module for AdLib FM cards.
125 port - port # for OPL chip
127 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
128 the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
129 Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
132 Make sure you have "sbiload" from the alsa-tools package available and,
133 after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
134 number through "sbiload -l". Example output:
136 Port Client name Port name
137 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port
139 Load the std.sb and drums.sb patches also supplied by sbiload:
141 sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
143 If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use std.o3 and drums.o3
144 instead. To have the card produce sound, use aplaymidi from alsa-utils:
146 aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
151 Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
153 port - port # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
154 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
155 fm_port - port # for OPL3 (PnP setup)
156 irq - IRQ # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
157 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
158 dma1 - first DMA # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
159 dma2 - second DMA # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
160 clockfreq - Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
162 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
167 Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
169 port - port # for AD1848 chip
170 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
171 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
173 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe
174 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
176 The power-management is supported.
181 Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
183 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
184 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
186 This module supports multiple cards.
191 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
193 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
194 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O
197 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
199 The power-management is supported.
204 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
206 port - port # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
207 irq - IRQ # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
208 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
209 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
210 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
211 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
212 fm_port - port # for OPL3 FM (PnP setup)
214 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
216 The power-management is supported.
221 Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
223 This module supports multiple cards.
225 The power-management is supported.
230 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
232 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
233 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
235 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
237 The power-management is supported.
242 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
244 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
245 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
246 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
247 ac97_codec - Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec
248 instead of probing. If this works for you
249 file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
251 -1 -- Default behavior.
252 0-2 -- Use the specified codec.
253 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
255 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
257 ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is
258 over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The
259 implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
260 choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
262 The power-management is supported.
264 Module snd-atiixp-modem
265 -----------------------
267 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
269 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
271 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
274 The power-management is supported.
276 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
277 -----------------------------------------
279 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
281 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
282 0 = Disable all workarounds
283 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
284 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
285 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
286 3 = Force both settings
287 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
289 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
290 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
291 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
292 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
293 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
294 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
295 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
298 Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
299 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
300 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
305 Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
307 port - port # for AZT2320 chip (PnP setup)
308 wss_port - port # for WSS (PnP setup)
309 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
310 fm_port - FM port # for AZT2320 chip (PnP setup)
311 irq - IRQ # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
312 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
313 dma1 - 1st DMA # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
314 dma2 - 2nd DMA # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
316 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
318 The power-management is supported.
323 Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
325 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
327 This module supports multiple cards.
332 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
334 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
335 load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
337 This module supports multiple cards.
339 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
345 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
347 This module supports multiple cards.
353 Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
355 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
356 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
357 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
358 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
359 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
360 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
361 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
363 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
365 The power-management is supported.
370 Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
372 mpu_port - port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
373 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
374 0 = disable (default)
375 fm_port - port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
377 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
379 soft_ac3 - Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
381 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
383 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
385 The power-management is supported.
390 Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
392 port - port # for CS4231 chip
393 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
394 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
395 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
396 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
397 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
399 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
400 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
402 The power-management is supported.
407 Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A ISA chips.
409 port - port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
410 cport - control port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
411 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
412 fm_port - FM port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
413 irq - IRQ # for CS4232 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
414 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
415 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4232 chip (0,1,3)
416 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha CS4232 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
417 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
419 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
420 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
422 The power-management is supported.
427 Module for sound cards based on CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
428 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
430 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
431 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
432 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
433 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
434 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
435 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
436 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
437 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
438 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
440 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
441 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
442 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
444 The power-management is supported.
449 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
451 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
453 This module supports multiple cards.
455 The power-management is supported.
460 Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
461 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
463 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifier.
464 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
465 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
467 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
468 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
469 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
472 The power-management is supported.
477 Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
479 Module snd-cs5535audio
480 ----------------------
482 Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
484 The power-management is supported.
489 Module for Echoaudio Darla20
491 This module supports multiple cards.
492 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
497 Module for Echoaudio Darla24
499 This module supports multiple cards.
500 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
505 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
508 port - Port # (PnP setup)
509 mpu_port - Port # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
510 fm_port - Port # for FM OPL-3 (PnP setup)
511 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
512 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
513 dma8 - DMA # (PnP setup)
515 This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with
518 The power-management is supported.
523 Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
524 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
525 requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
527 The power-management is supported.
532 Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
534 This module supports multiple cards.
535 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
540 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
541 * Sound Blaster Live!
542 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
543 * Emu APS (partially supported)
544 * Sound Blaster Audigy
546 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
547 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
548 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
549 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
550 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
551 given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
552 enable_ir - enable IR
554 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
556 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
557 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
558 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
559 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
560 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
561 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
562 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
563 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
564 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
565 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
566 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
567 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
568 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
570 The power-management is supported.
575 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
577 This module supports multiple cards.
582 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
583 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
584 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
586 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
588 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
590 The power-management is supported.
595 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
596 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
597 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
598 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
600 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
601 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
603 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
605 The power-management is supported.
610 Module for sound cards based on ESS ES968 chip (PnP only).
612 port - port # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
613 irq - IRQ # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
614 dma1 - DMA # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
616 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
618 The power-management is supported.
623 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
625 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
626 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
627 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
628 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
629 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
631 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
636 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
638 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
639 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
640 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
641 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
642 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
643 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
644 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
646 This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
647 port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
648 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
650 The power-management is supported.
655 Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
657 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
659 The power-management is supported.
664 Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
666 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
667 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
668 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
669 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
670 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
672 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
673 joystick - enable joystick (default off)
675 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
677 The power-management is supported.
682 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
684 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
685 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
686 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
687 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
688 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
689 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
691 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
693 The power-management is supported.
698 Module for Echoaudio Gina20
700 This module supports multiple cards.
701 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
706 Module for Echoaudio Gina24
708 This module supports multiple cards.
709 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
711 Module snd-gusclassic
712 ---------------------
714 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
716 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
717 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
718 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
719 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
720 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
721 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
722 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
724 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
726 Module snd-gusextreme
727 ---------------------
729 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
731 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
732 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
733 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
734 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
735 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
736 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
737 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
738 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
739 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
740 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
741 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
743 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
748 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
750 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
751 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
752 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
753 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
754 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
755 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
756 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
758 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
763 Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8),
764 ATI SB450, SB600, RS600,
768 model - force the model name
769 position_fix - Fix DMA pointer (0 = auto, 1 = none, 2 = POSBUF, 3 = FIFO size)
770 probe_mask - Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots)
771 single_cmd - Use single immediate commands to communicate with
772 codecs (for debugging only)
773 enable_msi - Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
774 power_save - Automatic power-saving timtout (in second, 0 =
776 power_save_controller - Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode
779 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
781 Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
782 If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
783 configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to
784 specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
785 models depending on the codec chip.
787 Model name Description
788 ---------- -----------
790 3stack 3-jack in back and a headphone out
791 3stack-digout 3-jack in back, a HP out and a SPDIF out
792 5stack 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front
793 5stack-digout 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front, a SPDIF out
794 6stack 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front
795 6stack-digout 6-jack with a SPDIF out
797 z71v 3-jack (HP shared SPDIF)
798 asus 3-jack (ASUS Mobo)
800 asus-dig ASUS with SPDIF out
801 asus-dig2 ASUS with SPDIF out (using GPIO2)
803 fujitsu Fujitsu Laptops (Pi1536)
805 lg LG laptop (m1 express dual)
806 lg-lw LG LW20/LW25 laptop
808 clevo Clevo laptops (m520G, m665n)
809 test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls can be
810 adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
812 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
816 hp-3013 HP machines (3013-variant)
817 fujitsu Fujitsu S7020
819 will Will laptops (PB V7900)
820 replacer Replacer 672V
821 basic fixed pin assignment (old default model)
822 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
825 fujitsu Fujitsu Laptop
826 hp-bpc HP xw4400/6400/8400/9400 laptops
827 hp-bpc-d7000 HP BPC D7000
830 hippo Hippo (ATI) with jack detection, Sony UX-90s
831 hippo_1 Hippo (Benq) with jack detection
832 sony-assamd Sony ASSAMD
833 ultra Samsung Q1 Ultra Vista model
834 basic fixed pin assignment w/o SPDIF
835 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
841 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
844 3stack-dig 3-stack (2-channel) with SPDIF
845 3stack-6ch 3-stack (6-channel)
846 3stack-6ch-dig 3-stack (6-channel) with SPDIF
847 6stack-dig 6-stack with SPDIF
848 lenovo-101e Lenovo laptop
849 eeepc-p701 ASUS Eeepc
850 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
853 3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
854 6stack-dig 6-jack digital with SPDIF I/O
856 targa Targa T8, MSI-1049 T8
859 macpro MacPro support
860 mbp3 Macbook Pro rev3
861 imac24 iMac 24'' with jack detection
863 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
866 3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
867 6stack-dig 6-jack digital with SPDIF I/O
868 3stack-6ch 3-jack 6-channel
869 3stack-6ch-dig 3-jack 6-channel with SPDIF I/O
870 6stack-dig-demo 6-jack digital for Intel demo board
871 acer Acer laptops (Travelmate 3012WTMi, Aspire 5600, etc)
872 acer-aspire Acer Aspire 9810
873 medion Medion Laptops
874 medion-md2 Medion MD2
876 targa-2ch-dig Targs/MSI with 2-channel
877 laptop-eapd 3-jack with SPDIF I/O and EAPD (Clevo M540JE, M550JE)
878 lenovo-101e Lenovo 101E
879 lenovo-nb0763 Lenovo NB0763
880 lenovo-ms7195-dig Lenovo MS7195
882 6stack-hp HP machines with 6stack (Nettle boards)
883 3stack-hp HP machines with 3stack (Lucknow, Samba boards)
884 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
888 3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
889 6stack-dig 6-jack with SPDIF I/O
890 3stack-660 3-jack (for ALC660)
891 uniwill-m31 Uniwill M31 laptop
892 toshiba Toshiba laptop support
893 asus Asus laptop support
894 asus-laptop ASUS F2/F3 laptops
895 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
899 3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF OUT
900 6stack-dig 6-jack with SPDIF OUT
901 3stack-660 3-jack (for ALC660VD)
902 3stack-660-digout 3-jack with SPDIF OUT (for ALC660VD)
903 lenovo Lenovo 3000 C200
904 dallas Dallas laptops
906 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
909 minimal 3-jack in back
910 min_fp 3-jack in back, 2-jack in front
911 full 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front
912 full_dig 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front, SPDIF I/O
913 allout 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front, SPDIF out
914 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
917 3stack 3-stack mode (default)
924 basic 3-jack (default)
926 thinkpad Lenovo Thinkpad T60/X60/Z60
933 basic default configuration
934 thinkpad Lenovo Thinkpad T61/X61
937 6stack 6-jack, separate surrounds (default)
938 3stack 3-stack, shared surrounds
939 laptop 2-channel only (FSC V2060, Samsung M50)
940 laptop-eapd 2-channel with EAPD (Samsung R65, ASUS A6J)
941 laptop-automute 2-channel with EAPD and HP-automute (Lenovo N100)
942 ultra 2-channel with EAPD (Samsung Ultra tablet PC)
946 6stack-dig ditto with SPDIF
948 3stack-dig ditto with SPDIF
949 laptop 3-jack with hp-jack automute
950 laptop-dig ditto with SPDIF
951 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
955 test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls
956 can be adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
960 laptop Basic Laptop config
961 laptop-hp Laptop config for some HP models (subdevice 30A5)
962 laptop-eapd Laptop config with EAPD support
963 test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls
964 can be adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
969 dell-d21 Dell (unknown)
970 dell-d22 Dell (unknown)
971 dell-d23 Dell (unknown)
972 dell-m21 Dell Inspiron 630m, Dell Inspiron 640m
973 dell-m22 Dell Latitude D620, Dell Latitude D820
974 dell-m23 Dell XPS M1710, Dell Precision M90
975 dell-m24 Dell Latitude 120L
976 dell-m25 Dell Inspiron E1505n
977 dell-m26 Dell Inspiron 1501
978 dell-m27 Dell Inspiron E1705/9400
979 gateway Gateway laptops with EAPD control
983 dell-m42 Dell (unknown)
984 dell-m43 Dell Precision
985 dell-m44 Dell Inspiron
990 5stack D945 5stack + SPDIF
991 intel-mac-v1 Intel Mac Type 1
992 intel-mac-v2 Intel Mac Type 2
993 intel-mac-v3 Intel Mac Type 3
994 intel-mac-v4 Intel Mac Type 4
995 intel-mac-v5 Intel Mac Type 5
996 macmini Intel Mac Mini (equivalent with type 3)
997 macbook Intel Mac Book (eq. type 5)
998 macbook-pro-v1 Intel Mac Book Pro 1st generation (eq. type 3)
999 macbook-pro Intel Mac Book Pro 2nd generation (eq. type 3)
1000 imac-intel Intel iMac (eq. type 2)
1001 imac-intel-20 Intel iMac (newer version) (eq. type 3)
1002 dell-d81 Dell (unknown)
1003 dell-d82 Dell (unknown)
1004 dell-m81 Dell (unknown)
1005 dell-m82 Dell XPS M1210
1008 ref Reference board, base config
1009 m2-2 Some Gateway MX series laptops
1010 m6 Some Gateway NX series laptops
1011 pa6 Gateway NX860 series
1013 STAC9227/9228/9229/927x
1016 5stack D965 5stack + SPDIF
1017 dell-3stack Dell Dimension E520
1020 vaio Setup for VAIO FE550G/SZ110
1021 vaio-ar Setup for VAIO AR
1023 The model name "genric" is treated as a special case. When this
1024 model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
1025 "codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
1027 If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
1028 matches with your device, report it together with the PCI
1029 subsystem ID (output of "lspci -nv") to ALSA BTS or alsa-devel
1030 ML (see the section "Links and Addresses").
1032 power_save and power_save_controller options are for power-saving
1033 mode. See powersave.txt for details.
1035 Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
1036 position_fix=1 or 2. position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB
1037 register value without FIFO size correction as the current
1038 DMA pointer. position_fix=2 will make the driver to use
1039 the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
1040 (Usually SD_LPLIB register is more accurate than the
1043 NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at
1044 loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
1045 routing). Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi". Also, you
1046 can try "single_cmd=1" module option. This will switch the
1047 communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
1048 single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
1049 single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
1050 unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
1051 from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
1052 avoided as much as possible...
1054 MORE NOTES ON "azx_get_response timeout" PROBLEMS:
1055 On some hardwares, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
1056 to avoid the "azx_get_response timeout" problem above, instead.
1057 This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
1058 (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
1059 bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
1060 CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_DETECT, or simply from the file name of the codec
1061 proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
1062 For example, probe_mask=1 means to probe only the first slot, and
1063 probe_mask=4 means only the third slot.
1065 The power-management is supported.
1070 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
1072 This module supports multiple cards.
1074 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
1075 when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
1076 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
1078 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
1080 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1081 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1082 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
1083 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1084 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1090 Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
1092 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer, or disable.
1093 line_outs_monitor - Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
1094 enable_monitor - Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
1096 See hdspm.txt for details.
1101 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
1102 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
1103 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
1104 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
1105 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
1106 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
1107 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
1108 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
1111 * TerraTec EWX 24/96
1112 * TerraTec DMX 6Fire
1114 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
1115 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
1116 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
1117 * Event Electronics, EZ8
1119 * Lionstracs, Mediastaton
1121 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
1122 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
1123 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
1124 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
1125 phase88, mediastation
1126 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
1127 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver)
1128 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
1130 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
1131 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
1134 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1135 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
1136 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
1137 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1143 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
1144 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
1145 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
1146 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
1148 * TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
1149 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
1150 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
1153 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
1154 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1LT
1155 * AudioTrak Prodigy 192
1157 * Albatron K8X800 Pro II
1158 * Chaintech ZNF3-150
1159 * Chaintech ZNF3-250
1166 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
1167 revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
1168 prodigy192, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192,
1169 k8x800, phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci,
1172 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1174 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1175 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
1176 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
1177 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1183 Module for Echoaudio Indigo
1185 This module supports multiple cards.
1186 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1191 Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
1193 This module supports multiple cards.
1194 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1199 Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
1201 This module supports multiple cards.
1202 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1207 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
1208 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1209 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, ESB2
1210 * SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
1211 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804
1213 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
1216 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1217 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1218 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1219 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
1220 motherboards (default yes on nForce chips,
1222 buggy_semaphore - Enable workaround for hardwares with buggy
1223 semaphores (e.g. on some ASUS laptops)
1225 spdif_aclink - Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection
1226 from the controller chip
1227 (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
1229 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1231 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
1232 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
1233 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
1235 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
1236 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1237 modules, respectively.
1239 The power-management is supported.
1241 Module snd-intel8x0m
1242 --------------------
1244 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1245 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1247 * SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1248 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1252 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1254 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1256 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1259 The power-management is supported.
1261 Module snd-interwave
1262 --------------------
1264 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1265 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1267 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1268 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1269 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1270 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1271 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1272 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1273 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1274 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1277 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1279 Module snd-interwave-stb
1280 ------------------------
1282 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1283 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1284 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1286 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1287 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1288 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1289 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1290 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1291 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1292 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1293 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1294 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1297 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1302 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1304 This module supports multiple cards.
1309 Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1311 This module supports multiple cards.
1312 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1317 Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1319 This module supports multiple cards.
1320 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1325 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1327 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
1328 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
1329 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
1332 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1334 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1335 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1336 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
1337 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
1340 The power-management is supported.
1345 Module for Echoaudio Mia
1347 This module supports multiple cards.
1348 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1353 Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro,
1355 miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1357 port - Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1358 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1359 dma1 - 1st dma # (0,1,3)
1360 dma2 - 2nd dma # (0,1)
1361 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1362 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1363 fm_port - FM Port # (0x388)
1364 wss - enable WSS mode
1365 ide - enable onboard ide support
1370 Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1372 This module supports multiple cards.
1373 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1374 See MIXART.txt for details.
1376 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1377 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1378 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1379 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1380 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1385 Module for Echoaudio Mona
1387 This module supports multiple cards.
1388 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1393 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1395 port - port number or -1 (disable)
1396 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1397 pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1399 This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1404 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1407 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1408 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1409 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1411 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
1416 Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1418 This module supports multiple devices.
1419 Requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT).
1424 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1426 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1427 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1428 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1429 buffer_top - specify buffer top address
1430 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1431 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1432 reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1433 reset_workaround2 - enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some
1436 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1438 The power-management is supported.
1440 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1441 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1442 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1443 the buffer_top option.
1445 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1446 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1447 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
1448 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
1449 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1452 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1453 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1454 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1455 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
1456 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
1457 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify isapnp=0
1458 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1460 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
1461 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1462 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
1463 hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
1465 Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1466 AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1467 turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the
1468 previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1470 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
1471 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1472 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1473 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
1474 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
1475 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1481 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1483 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1484 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1485 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1486 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1487 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1488 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1489 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1490 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1491 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1493 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support
1494 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1496 The power-management is supported.
1498 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1499 -------------------------
1501 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1502 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1504 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1505 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1506 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1507 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1508 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1509 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1511 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1513 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1514 -------------------------
1516 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1518 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1519 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1520 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1521 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1522 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1523 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1524 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1526 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1531 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1533 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1534 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1535 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1536 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1537 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1538 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1539 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1541 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1546 Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1548 This module supports multiple cards.
1550 Module snd-portman2x4
1551 ---------------------
1553 Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1555 This module supports multiple cards.
1557 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1558 ---------------------------------
1560 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1562 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1564 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1566 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianess.
1568 The power-management is supported.
1570 Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1571 ------------------------------------
1573 Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1575 For ARM architecture only.
1577 The power-management is supported.
1582 Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1584 joystick_port - Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1585 mpu_port - MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1586 opl3_port - OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1588 This module supports multiple cards.
1589 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1590 You need to install the firmware file "riptide.hex" to the standard
1591 firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1596 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
1597 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1599 This module supports multiple cards.
1604 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1606 This module supports multiple cards.
1611 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1613 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
1616 This module supports multiple cards.
1618 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1619 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1620 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
1621 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1622 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1625 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1626 ---------------------------------------
1628 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1630 Module supports only one card.
1631 Module has no enable and index options.
1633 The power-management is supported.
1638 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
1642 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1643 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1644 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1646 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1648 The power-management is supported.
1650 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1651 -----------------------------
1653 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1654 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
1655 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1657 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1658 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1659 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
1660 (snd-sbawe module only)
1661 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1662 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1663 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1664 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1665 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1666 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1668 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1670 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1671 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1672 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1673 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1676 The power-management is supported.
1681 Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard.
1683 port - Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
1684 mss_port - MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
1685 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1686 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
1689 This module supports multiple cards.
1691 This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
1696 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy sound card.
1698 sbport - Port # for SB16 interface (0x220,0x240)
1699 wssport - Port # for WSS interface (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1700 irq - IRQ # (7,9,10,11)
1703 This module supports multiple cards.
1705 The power-management is supported.
1710 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape PnP cards.
1712 port - Port # (PnP setup)
1713 wss_port - WSS Port # (PnP setup)
1714 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
1715 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
1716 dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
1717 dma2 - 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
1719 This module supports multiple cards. ISA PnP must be enabled.
1720 You need sscape_ctl tool in alsa-tools package for loading
1723 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
1724 --------------------------------------
1726 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1728 This module supports multiple cards.
1730 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
1731 -------------------------------------
1733 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1735 This module supports multiple cards.
1737 Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
1738 -----------------------------------
1740 Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
1742 This module supports multiple cards.
1744 Module snd-wavefront
1745 --------------------
1747 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
1749 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1750 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
1751 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
1752 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
1753 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
1754 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
1755 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
1756 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
1757 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
1758 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1759 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1760 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1762 The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
1763 wf_raw - Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no)
1764 If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
1765 ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
1766 fx_raw - Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes)
1767 If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
1768 when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the
1769 microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
1770 "default" operation, whatever that means.
1771 debug_default - Debug parameters for card initialization
1772 wait_usecs - How long to wait without sleeping, usecs
1774 This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
1775 based on my limited experimentation.
1776 If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
1777 my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
1778 to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
1779 without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
1781 Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
1782 waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
1783 sleep_interval - How long to sleep when waiting for reply
1785 sleep_tries - How many times to try sleeping during a wait
1787 ospath - Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware
1788 (default:wavefront.os)
1789 The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent
1790 version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
1791 must be installed in the proper path, typically,
1793 reset_time - How long to wait for a reset to take effect
1795 ramcheck_time - How many seconds to wait for the RAM test
1797 osrun_time - How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS
1800 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
1802 Note: the firmware file "wavefront.os" was located in the earlier
1803 version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
1804 must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
1805 Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
1806 regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
1808 Module snd-sonicvibes
1809 ---------------------
1811 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
1812 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
1814 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1815 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
1816 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1818 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1820 Module snd-serial-u16550
1821 ------------------------
1823 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
1825 port - port # for UART16550A chip
1826 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
1827 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
1829 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
1831 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1833 adaptor - Type of adaptor.
1834 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
1835 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
1837 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
1838 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
1843 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
1844 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
1846 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
1849 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
1850 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
1851 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
1853 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
1854 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
1856 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1858 The power-management is supported.
1860 Module snd-usb-audio
1861 --------------------
1863 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
1865 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
1866 pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
1867 device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional)
1868 - Influence depends on the device
1871 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1873 Module snd-usb-caiaq
1874 --------------------
1876 Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
1877 * Native Instruments RigKontrol2
1878 * Native Instruments Kore Controller
1879 * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
1880 * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
1882 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1884 Module snd-usb-usx2y
1885 --------------------
1887 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
1889 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1891 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
1892 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
1897 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
1898 8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
1900 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
1902 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
1903 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1904 dxs_support - support DXS channels,
1905 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
1906 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample
1907 rate and different sample rates on different
1909 [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
1910 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1911 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1913 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1915 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
1916 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
1917 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
1918 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
1919 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
1921 Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
1922 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
1923 streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
1924 can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
1926 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
1927 except for the known devices since the output is often
1928 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
1930 Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other
1931 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
1932 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
1934 If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=4; if it
1935 doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is
1936 usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented
1937 board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't
1938 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
1939 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
1940 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
1941 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
1942 subsystem vendor/device ids. See "Links and Addresses"
1945 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
1946 additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
1948 The power-management is supported.
1950 Module snd-via82xx-modem
1951 ------------------------
1953 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
1955 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1957 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1959 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1962 The power-management is supported.
1967 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
1968 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
1969 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
1971 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
1973 This module supports multiple cards.
1978 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
1980 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
1981 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1983 This module supports multiple cards.
1985 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1986 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1987 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1988 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1989 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
1990 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.conf
1992 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
1994 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
1995 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
1996 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
1997 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
1998 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
1999 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
2000 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
2002 The power-management is supported.
2007 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
2009 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2011 This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when
2012 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
2014 With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
2015 manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the
2016 sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
2017 longer require a config file.
2019 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2020 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2021 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2022 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2023 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
2025 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
2027 Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
2030 The power-management is supported.
2035 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
2037 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
2038 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2039 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
2040 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2041 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
2043 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
2045 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
2047 The power-management is supported.
2049 Module snd-pdaudiocf
2050 --------------------
2052 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
2054 The power-management is supported.
2060 The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
2061 specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
2062 snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
2063 and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
2064 specifications from version to version :-)
2066 The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
2067 but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass
2068 the proper value with this option.
2070 The following strings are accepted:
2071 - default Don't override the default setting
2072 - none Disable the quirk
2073 - hp_only Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
2074 - swap_hp Swap headphone and master controls
2075 - swap_surround Swap master and surround controls
2076 - ad_sharing For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
2077 - alc_jack For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
2078 - inv_eapd Inverted EAPD implementation
2079 - mute_led Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
2081 For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0,
2082 ... are accepted, too.
2084 For example, if "Master" volume control has no effect on your device
2085 but only "Headphone" does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
2088 Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
2089 ============================
2091 When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
2092 supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
2093 If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
2094 For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
2095 together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
2097 When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
2098 will be not built in.
2101 Module Autoloading Support
2102 ==========================
2104 The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
2105 module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
2106 devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
2108 To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
2109 'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
2110 corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
2111 as the same card module.
2113 An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
2114 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2115 alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
2116 alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
2117 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2119 The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
2120 option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
2121 To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
2122 sound cards in that option.
2124 When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
2125 number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
2126 cards is kept consistent.
2128 An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
2130 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2132 options snd cards_limit=2
2133 alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
2134 alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
2135 options snd-interwave index=0
2136 options snd-ens1371 index=1
2138 alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
2139 alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
2140 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2142 In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
2143 (index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2145 Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
2146 "slots" option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the
2149 options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
2151 Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
2152 the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each
2153 driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
2154 the same time as long as they don't conflict).
2156 The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
2157 hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the
2158 case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any
2159 other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
2160 snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
2163 ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2164 =======================================
2166 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2167 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
2168 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
2169 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
2170 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
2171 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
2172 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
2173 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
2174 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
2176 The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
2177 sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
2178 have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2179 playback, respectively.
2181 Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2182 options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2185 Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2186 ==============================
2188 /proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2189 -------------------------------
2190 String "erase" - erase all additional informations about OSS applications
2191 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
2193 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2194 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
2195 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2196 <options> - optional parameters
2197 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
2198 this channel but does not want to use it.
2199 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2200 It's good for Quake etc...
2201 - direct don't use plugins
2202 - block force block mode (rvplayer)
2203 - non-block force non-block mode
2204 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2206 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2207 - buggy-ptr Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2208 instead of filled blocks
2210 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2211 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2212 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2215 Early Buffer Allocation
2216 =======================
2218 Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2219 sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2220 actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the
2221 PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2222 proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2223 /etc/init.d/*.local scripts.
2225 Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2226 usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following
2227 commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2229 - add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2231 VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take
2232 integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2233 MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted.
2234 SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass
2235 k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB.
2236 BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater
2237 than 0. The max number is 4.
2241 This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2248 ALSA project homepage
2249 http://www.alsa-project.org
2251 ALSA Bug Tracking System
2252 https://bugtrack.alsa-project.org/bugs/
2255 mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
git://ftp.safe.ca / safe / jmp / linux-2.6 / blob