SAFE public projects git trees. - safe/jmp/linux-2.6/blob - Documentation/DocBook/kernel-api.tmpl

   1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   2 <!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
   3         "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd" []>
   4
   5 <book id="LinuxKernelAPI">
   6  <bookinfo>
   7   <title>The Linux Kernel API</title>
   8
   9   <legalnotice>
  10    <para>
  11      This documentation is free software; you can redistribute
  12      it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
  13      License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
  14      version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
  15      version.
  16    </para>
  17
  18    <para>
  19      This program is distributed in the hope that it will be
  20      useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
  21      warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
  22      See the GNU General Public License for more details.
  23    </para>
  24
  25    <para>
  26      You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
  27      License along with this program; if not, write to the Free
  28      Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
  29      MA 02111-1307 USA
  30    </para>
  31
  32    <para>
  33      For more details see the file COPYING in the source
  34      distribution of Linux.
  35    </para>
  36   </legalnotice>
  37  </bookinfo>
  38
  39 <toc></toc>
  40
  41   <chapter id="Basics">
  42      <title>Driver Basics</title>
  43      <sect1><title>Driver Entry and Exit points</title>
  44 !Iinclude/linux/init.h
  45      </sect1>
  46
  47      <sect1><title>Atomic and pointer manipulation</title>
  48 !Iinclude/asm-i386/atomic.h
  49 !Iinclude/asm-i386/unaligned.h
  50      </sect1>
  51
  52      <sect1><title>Delaying, scheduling, and timer routines</title>
  53 !Iinclude/linux/sched.h
  54 !Ekernel/sched.c
  55 !Ekernel/timer.c
  56      </sect1>
  57      <sect1><title>High-resolution timers</title>
  58 !Iinclude/linux/ktime.h
  59 !Iinclude/linux/hrtimer.h
  60 !Ekernel/hrtimer.c
  61      </sect1>
  62      <sect1><title>Internal Functions</title>
  63 !Ikernel/exit.c
  64 !Ikernel/signal.c
  65      </sect1>
  66
  67      <sect1><title>Kernel objects manipulation</title>
  68 <!--
  69 X!Iinclude/linux/kobject.h
  70 -->
  71 !Elib/kobject.c
  72      </sect1>
  73
  74      <sect1><title>Kernel utility functions</title>
  75 !Iinclude/linux/kernel.h
  76 !Ekernel/printk.c
  77 !Ekernel/panic.c
  78 !Ekernel/sys.c
  79 !Ekernel/rcupdate.c
  80      </sect1>
  81
  82   </chapter>
  83
  84   <chapter id="adt">
  85      <title>Data Types</title>
  86      <sect1><title>Doubly Linked Lists</title>
  87 !Iinclude/linux/list.h
  88      </sect1>
  89   </chapter>
  90
  91   <chapter id="libc">
  92      <title>Basic C Library Functions</title>
  93
  94      <para>
  95        When writing drivers, you cannot in general use routines which are
  96        from the C Library.  Some of the functions have been found generally
  97        useful and they are listed below.  The behaviour of these functions
  98        may vary slightly from those defined by ANSI, and these deviations
  99        are noted in the text.
 100      </para>
 101
 102      <sect1><title>String Conversions</title>
 103 !Ilib/vsprintf.c
 104 !Elib/vsprintf.c
 105      </sect1>
 106      <sect1><title>String Manipulation</title>
 107 <!-- All functions are exported at now
 108 X!Ilib/string.c
 109  -->
 110 !Elib/string.c
 111      </sect1>
 112      <sect1><title>Bit Operations</title>
 113 !Iinclude/asm-i386/bitops.h
 114      </sect1>
 115      <sect1><title>Bitmap Operations</title>
 116 !Elib/bitmap.c
 117 !Ilib/bitmap.c
 118      </sect1>
 119   </chapter>
 120
 121   <chapter id="mm">
 122      <title>Memory Management in Linux</title>
 123      <sect1><title>The Slab Cache</title>
 124 !Iinclude/linux/slab.h
 125 !Emm/slab.c
 126      </sect1>
 127      <sect1><title>User Space Memory Access</title>
 128 !Iinclude/asm-i386/uaccess.h
 129 !Earch/i386/lib/usercopy.c
 130      </sect1>
 131      <sect1><title>More Memory Management Functions</title>
 132 !Iinclude/linux/rmap.h
 133 !Emm/readahead.c
 134 !Emm/filemap.c
 135 !Emm/memory.c
 136 !Emm/vmalloc.c
 137 !Emm/mempool.c
 138 !Emm/page-writeback.c
 139 !Emm/truncate.c
 140      </sect1>
 141   </chapter>
 142
 143
 144   <chapter id="ipc">
 145      <title>Kernel IPC facilities</title>
 146
 147      <sect1><title>IPC utilities</title>
 148 !Iipc/util.c
 149      </sect1>
 150   </chapter>
 151
 152   <chapter id="kfifo">
 153      <title>FIFO Buffer</title>
 154      <sect1><title>kfifo interface</title>
 155 !Iinclude/linux/kfifo.h
 156 !Ekernel/kfifo.c
 157      </sect1>
 158   </chapter>
 159
 160   <chapter id="proc">
 161      <title>The proc filesystem</title>
 162
 163      <sect1><title>sysctl interface</title>
 164 !Ekernel/sysctl.c
 165      </sect1>
 166
 167      <sect1><title>proc filesystem interface</title>
 168 !Ifs/proc/base.c
 169      </sect1>
 170   </chapter>
 171
 172   <chapter id="debugfs">
 173      <title>The debugfs filesystem</title>
 174
 175      <sect1><title>debugfs interface</title>
 176 !Efs/debugfs/inode.c
 177 !Efs/debugfs/file.c
 178      </sect1>
 179   </chapter>
 180
 181   <chapter id="vfs">
 182      <title>The Linux VFS</title>
 183      <sect1><title>The Filesystem types</title>
 184 !Iinclude/linux/fs.h
 185      </sect1>
 186      <sect1><title>The Directory Cache</title>
 187 !Efs/dcache.c
 188 !Iinclude/linux/dcache.h
 189      </sect1>
 190      <sect1><title>Inode Handling</title>
 191 !Efs/inode.c
 192 !Efs/bad_inode.c
 193      </sect1>
 194      <sect1><title>Registration and Superblocks</title>
 195 !Efs/super.c
 196      </sect1>
 197      <sect1><title>File Locks</title>
 198 !Efs/locks.c
 199 !Ifs/locks.c
 200      </sect1>
 201      <sect1><title>Other Functions</title>
 202 !Efs/mpage.c
 203 !Efs/namei.c
 204 !Efs/buffer.c
 205 !Efs/bio.c
 206 !Efs/seq_file.c
 207 !Efs/filesystems.c
 208 !Efs/fs-writeback.c
 209 !Efs/block_dev.c
 210      </sect1>
 211   </chapter>
 212
 213   <chapter id="netcore">
 214      <title>Linux Networking</title>
 215      <sect1><title>Networking Base Types</title>
 216 !Iinclude/linux/net.h
 217      </sect1>
 218      <sect1><title>Socket Buffer Functions</title>
 219 !Iinclude/linux/skbuff.h
 220 !Iinclude/net/sock.h
 221 !Enet/socket.c
 222 !Enet/core/skbuff.c
 223 !Enet/core/sock.c
 224 !Enet/core/datagram.c
 225 !Enet/core/stream.c
 226      </sect1>
 227      <sect1><title>Socket Filter</title>
 228 !Enet/core/filter.c
 229      </sect1>
 230      <sect1><title>Generic Network Statistics</title>
 231 !Iinclude/linux/gen_stats.h
 232 !Enet/core/gen_stats.c
 233 !Enet/core/gen_estimator.c
 234      </sect1>
 235      <sect1><title>SUN RPC subsystem</title>
 236 <!-- The !D functionality is not perfect, garbage has to be protected by comments
 237 !Dnet/sunrpc/sunrpc_syms.c
 238 -->
 239 !Enet/sunrpc/xdr.c
 240 !Enet/sunrpc/svcsock.c
 241 !Enet/sunrpc/sched.c
 242      </sect1>
 243   </chapter>
 244
 245   <chapter id="netdev">
 246      <title>Network device support</title>
 247      <sect1><title>Driver Support</title>
 248 !Enet/core/dev.c
 249 !Enet/ethernet/eth.c
 250 !Iinclude/linux/etherdevice.h
 251 <!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
 252 X!Enet/core/wireless.c
 253 -->
 254      </sect1>
 255      <sect1><title>Synchronous PPP</title>
 256 !Edrivers/net/wan/syncppp.c
 257      </sect1>
 258   </chapter>
 259
 260   <chapter id="modload">
 261      <title>Module Support</title>
 262      <sect1><title>Module Loading</title>
 263 !Ekernel/kmod.c
 264      </sect1>
 265      <sect1><title>Inter Module support</title>
 266         <para>
 267            Refer to the file kernel/module.c for more information.
 268         </para>
 269 <!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
 270 X!Ekernel/module.c
 271 -->
 272      </sect1>
 273   </chapter>
 274
 275   <chapter id="hardware">
 276      <title>Hardware Interfaces</title>
 277      <sect1><title>Interrupt Handling</title>
 278 !Ekernel/irq/manage.c
 279      </sect1>
 280
 281      <sect1><title>Resources Management</title>
 282 !Ekernel/resource.c
 283      </sect1>
 284
 285      <sect1><title>MTRR Handling</title>
 286 !Earch/i386/kernel/cpu/mtrr/main.c
 287      </sect1>
 288      <sect1><title>PCI Support Library</title>
 289 !Edrivers/pci/pci.c
 290 !Edrivers/pci/pci-driver.c
 291 !Edrivers/pci/remove.c
 292 !Edrivers/pci/pci-acpi.c
 293 <!-- kerneldoc does not understand to __devinit
 294 X!Edrivers/pci/search.c
 295  -->
 296 !Edrivers/pci/msi.c
 297 !Edrivers/pci/bus.c
 298 <!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
 299 X!Edrivers/pci/hotplug.c
 300 -->
 301 !Edrivers/pci/probe.c
 302 !Edrivers/pci/rom.c
 303      </sect1>
 304      <sect1><title>PCI Hotplug Support Library</title>
 305 !Edrivers/pci/hotplug/pci_hotplug_core.c
 306      </sect1>
 307      <sect1><title>MCA Architecture</title>
 308         <sect2><title>MCA Device Functions</title>
 309            <para>
 310               Refer to the file arch/i386/kernel/mca.c for more information.
 311            </para>
 312 <!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
 313 X!Earch/i386/kernel/mca.c
 314 -->
 315         </sect2>
 316         <sect2><title>MCA Bus DMA</title>
 317 !Iinclude/asm-i386/mca_dma.h
 318         </sect2>
 319      </sect1>
 320   </chapter>
 321
 322   <chapter id="devfs">
 323      <title>The Device File System</title>
 324 !Efs/devfs/base.c
 325   </chapter>
 326
 327   <chapter id="sysfs">
 328      <title>The Filesystem for Exporting Kernel Objects</title>
 329 !Efs/sysfs/file.c
 330 !Efs/sysfs/symlink.c
 331 !Efs/sysfs/bin.c
 332   </chapter>
 333
 334   <chapter id="security">
 335      <title>Security Framework</title>
 336 !Esecurity/security.c
 337   </chapter>
 338
 339   <chapter id="audit">
 340      <title>Audit Interfaces</title>
 341 !Ekernel/audit.c
 342 !Ikernel/auditsc.c
 343 !Ikernel/auditfilter.c
 344   </chapter>
 345
 346   <chapter id="accounting">
 347      <title>Accounting Framework</title>
 348 !Ikernel/acct.c
 349   </chapter>
 350
 351   <chapter id="pmfuncs">
 352      <title>Power Management</title>
 353 !Ekernel/power/pm.c
 354   </chapter>
 355
 356   <chapter id="devdrivers">
 357      <title>Device drivers infrastructure</title>
 358      <sect1><title>Device Drivers Base</title>
 359 <!--
 360 X!Iinclude/linux/device.h
 361 -->
 362 !Edrivers/base/driver.c
 363 !Edrivers/base/core.c
 364 !Edrivers/base/firmware_class.c
 365 !Edrivers/base/transport_class.c
 366 !Edrivers/base/dmapool.c
 367 <!-- Cannot be included, because
 368      attribute_container_add_class_device_adapter
 369  and attribute_container_classdev_to_container
 370      exceed allowed 44 characters maximum
 371 X!Edrivers/base/attribute_container.c
 372 -->
 373 !Edrivers/base/sys.c
 374 <!--
 375 X!Edrivers/base/interface.c
 376 -->
 377 !Edrivers/base/platform.c
 378 !Edrivers/base/bus.c
 379      </sect1>
 380      <sect1><title>Device Drivers Power Management</title>
 381 !Edrivers/base/power/main.c
 382 !Edrivers/base/power/resume.c
 383 !Edrivers/base/power/suspend.c
 384      </sect1>
 385      <sect1><title>Device Drivers ACPI Support</title>
 386 <!-- Internal functions only
 387 X!Edrivers/acpi/sleep/main.c
 388 X!Edrivers/acpi/sleep/wakeup.c
 389 X!Edrivers/acpi/motherboard.c
 390 X!Edrivers/acpi/bus.c
 391 -->
 392 !Edrivers/acpi/scan.c
 393 !Idrivers/acpi/scan.c
 394 <!-- No correct structured comments
 395 X!Edrivers/acpi/pci_bind.c
 396 -->
 397      </sect1>
 398      <sect1><title>Device drivers PnP support</title>
 399 !Edrivers/pnp/core.c
 400 <!-- No correct structured comments
 401 X!Edrivers/pnp/system.c
 402  -->
 403 !Edrivers/pnp/card.c
 404 !Edrivers/pnp/driver.c
 405 !Edrivers/pnp/manager.c
 406 !Edrivers/pnp/support.c
 407      </sect1>
 408   </chapter>
 409
 410
 411   <chapter id="blkdev">
 412      <title>Block Devices</title>
 413 !Eblock/ll_rw_blk.c
 414   </chapter>
 415
 416   <chapter id="miscdev">
 417      <title>Miscellaneous Devices</title>
 418 !Edrivers/char/misc.c
 419   </chapter>
 420
 421   <chapter id="viddev">
 422      <title>Video4Linux</title>
 423 !Edrivers/media/video/videodev.c
 424   </chapter>
 425
 426   <chapter id="snddev">
 427      <title>Sound Devices</title>
 428 !Iinclude/sound/core.h
 429 !Esound/sound_core.c
 430 !Iinclude/sound/pcm.h
 431 !Esound/core/pcm.c
 432 !Esound/core/device.c
 433 !Esound/core/info.c
 434 !Esound/core/rawmidi.c
 435 !Esound/core/sound.c
 436 !Esound/core/memory.c
 437 !Esound/core/pcm_memory.c
 438 !Esound/core/init.c
 439 !Esound/core/isadma.c
 440 !Esound/core/control.c
 441 !Esound/core/pcm_lib.c
 442 !Esound/core/hwdep.c
 443 !Esound/core/pcm_native.c
 444 !Esound/core/memalloc.c
 445 <!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
 446 X!Isound/sound_firmware.c
 447 -->
 448   </chapter>
 449
 450   <chapter id="uart16x50">
 451      <title>16x50 UART Driver</title>
 452 !Iinclude/linux/serial_core.h
 453 !Edrivers/serial/serial_core.c
 454 !Edrivers/serial/8250.c
 455   </chapter>
 456
 457   <chapter id="z85230">
 458      <title>Z85230 Support Library</title>
 459 !Edrivers/net/wan/z85230.c
 460   </chapter>
 461
 462   <chapter id="fbdev">
 463      <title>Frame Buffer Library</title>
 464
 465      <para>
 466        The frame buffer drivers depend heavily on four data structures.
 467        These structures are declared in include/linux/fb.h.  They are
 468        fb_info, fb_var_screeninfo, fb_fix_screeninfo and fb_monospecs.
 469        The last three can be made available to and from userland.
 470      </para>
 471
 472      <para>
 473        fb_info defines the current state of a particular video card.
 474        Inside fb_info, there exists a fb_ops structure which is a
 475        collection of needed functions to make fbdev and fbcon work.
 476        fb_info is only visible to the kernel.
 477      </para>
 478
 479      <para>
 480        fb_var_screeninfo is used to describe the features of a video card
 481        that are user defined.  With fb_var_screeninfo, things such as
 482        depth and the resolution may be defined.
 483      </para>
 484
 485      <para>
 486        The next structure is fb_fix_screeninfo. This defines the
 487        properties of a card that are created when a mode is set and can't
 488        be changed otherwise.  A good example of this is the start of the
 489        frame buffer memory.  This "locks" the address of the frame buffer
 490        memory, so that it cannot be changed or moved.
 491      </para>
 492
 493      <para>
 494        The last structure is fb_monospecs. In the old API, there was
 495        little importance for fb_monospecs. This allowed for forbidden things
 496        such as setting a mode of 800x600 on a fix frequency monitor. With
 497        the new API, fb_monospecs prevents such things, and if used
 498        correctly, can prevent a monitor from being cooked.  fb_monospecs
 499        will not be useful until kernels 2.5.x.
 500      </para>
 501
 502      <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Memory</title>
 503 !Edrivers/video/fbmem.c
 504      </sect1>
 505 <!--
 506      <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Console</title>
 507 X!Edrivers/video/console/fbcon.c
 508      </sect1>
 509 -->
 510      <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Colormap</title>
 511 !Edrivers/video/fbcmap.c
 512      </sect1>
 513 <!-- FIXME:
 514   drivers/video/fbgen.c has no docs, which stuffs up the sgml.  Comment
 515   out until somebody adds docs.  KAO
 516      <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Generic Functions</title>
 517 X!Idrivers/video/fbgen.c
 518      </sect1>
 519 KAO -->
 520      <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Video Mode Database</title>
 521 !Idrivers/video/modedb.c
 522 !Edrivers/video/modedb.c
 523      </sect1>
 524      <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Macintosh Video Mode Database</title>
 525 !Edrivers/video/macmodes.c
 526      </sect1>
 527      <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Fonts</title>
 528         <para>
 529            Refer to the file drivers/video/console/fonts.c for more information.
 530         </para>
 531 <!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
 532 X!Idrivers/video/console/fonts.c
 533 -->
 534      </sect1>
 535   </chapter>
 536 </book>